{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:21:06Z","timestamp":1791976866281,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,9]],"date-time":"2012-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1744,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> Hyperexcitability of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate acid (NMDA) receptors may play an important role in the development of phantom limb pain (PLP).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Aim of the study:<\/jats:italic> To investigate whether early treatment with the NMDA antagonist memantine attenuates phantom pain memory formation in traumatic amputees.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> In a randomized, double\u2010blind, controlled trial 19 patients with acute traumatic amputation of the upper extremity were investigated. All patients received postoperative analgesia by continuous brachial plexus anesthesia (ropivacaine 0.375% 5ml\/h) for at least 7 days. In addition, the patients received either memantine (20\u201330mg daily, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=10) or placebo (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=9) for 4 weeks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> Memantine treatment reduced the number of requested ropivacacine bolus injections during the first week and resulted in a significant decrease of PLP prevalence and intensity at 4 weeks and 6 months follow up, but not at 12 months follow up.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> We conclude that memantine can reduce intensity of phantom limb pain and might also prevent the development of PLP. However, despite the very early begin of treatment; no long\u2010term effect on established PLP was evident.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2006.03.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,23]],"date-time":"2006-05-23T20:50:00Z","timestamp":1148417400000},"page":"299-308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Continuous brachial plexus blockade in combination with the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine prevents phantom pain in acute traumatic upper limb amputees"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Schley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Topfner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Wiech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.E.","family":"Schaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.J.","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Schmelz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Birbaumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1177\/875512258700300206","article-title":"Safety and reliability of the Travenol Infusor \u2013 in administering chemotherapy in the home","author":"Akahoshi M.P.","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Pharmacy Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003154.pub2","article-title":"Memantine for dementia","volume":"18","author":"Sastre A. 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