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Here, responses to cold stimulation of afferent fibers regenerating in the rat sural nerve were studied in vivo 7\u201314 days after nerve crush and compared with responses to mechanical and heat stimulation. The physiological stimuli were applied to the sural nerve at or distal to the lesion site. Ectopic activity was evoked in 43% of 98 A\u2010fibers (all mechanosensitive; a few additionally weakly thermosensitive). Ectopic activity was evoked in 127 (49.2%) of 258 electrically identified C\u2010fibers by the physiological stimuli. Eight C\u2010fibers were spontaneously active only. Of the 127 C\u2010fibers, 46% had one of two distinct response patterns to cooling: (1) type 1 cold\u2010sensitive C\u2010fibers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=29) had a high rate of activity at 28\u00b0C on the nerve surface and showed graded responses to cooling with maximal discharge rates of 11.5\u00b11.1imp\/s. This activity was completely inhibited by heating, while 12\/29 fibers were also excited at high threshold (median 48\u00b0C) by heating. Only one type 1 cold\u2010sensitive C\u2010fiber was mechanosensitive. (2) Type 2 cold\u2010sensitive C\u2010fibers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=29) were silent or showed a low rate of activity at 28\u00b0C, had a high threshold (median 5\u00b0C) and low maximal discharge rates (2.4\u00b10.4imp\/s) to cooling. They were also heat\u2010sensitive (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=25) and\/or mechanosensitive (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=20). These C\u2010fibers were, apart from their cold sensitivity, functionally indistinguishable from C\u2010fibers with mechano\u2010 and\/or heat sensitivity only. Thus regenerating cutaneous C\u2010fibers show two types of cold sensitivity similar to those observed in intact skin: fibers of one group are predominantly sensitive to cooling, whereas the others are polymodal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.09.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,31]],"date-time":"2008-10-31T08:23:53Z","timestamp":1225441433000},"page":"682-690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Cutaneous afferent C\u2010fibers regenerating along the distal nerve stump after crush lesion show two types of cold 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