{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:21:35Z","timestamp":1791264095351,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,6]],"date-time":"2012-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010767","name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["115007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["115007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000349","name":"National Institute for Academic Anaesthesia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain influences many aspects of daily living and effective analgesics should reinstate normal spontaneous daily behaviours. Experiments are described herein which show that the innate, spontaneous behaviour of burrowing by rats, which can be simply and objectively assessed by measuring the amount of gravel left in a hollow tube 1\u2009h after presentation to the rat, is reduced by peripheral nerve injury (tibial nerve transection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNT<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>5 spinal nerve transection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNT<\/jats:styled-content>) and partial sciatic nerve ligation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSNL<\/jats:styled-content>)) and also following inflammation induced by intra\u2010plantar injection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>omplete <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>reund's <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>djuvant (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content>). Gabapentin (100\u2009mg\/kg sc) but not at 30\u2009mg\/kg sc significantly reduced burrowing activity in naive rats. All peripheral nerve injuries and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content> reduced burrowing compared with shams and rats naive to surgery. The level of mechanical hypersensitivity in rats with peripheral nerve injury did not correlate with the deficit in burrowing indicating that different parameters of the holistic pain experience are measured in these paradigms. Gabapentin at 30\u2009mg\/kg sc, but not 100\u2009mg\/kg sc, reversed the deficit in burrowing induced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNT<\/jats:styled-content> and ibuprofen (30\u2009mg\/kg sc) reversed the effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content> on burrowing. These experiments show that measurement of burrowing is a simple, objective assay of innate rodent behaviour affected by pain that is ethologically relevant to the rat, does not rely wholly on evoking a reflex and can dissociate a selective analgesic dose of gabapentin from one inducing motor impairment <jats:italic>in the same animal<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2011.07.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]],"date-time":"2011-09-07T06:49:00Z","timestamp":1315378140000},"page":"485-495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Spontaneous burrowing behaviour in the rat is reduced by peripheral nerve injury or inflammation associated pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Research Laboratories, Pain and Sensory Disorders Research Unit Pfizer Global Research &amp; Development, Sandwich Laboratories  Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent 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