{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:14:36Z","timestamp":1790255676784,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"EPSRC, UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/I01375X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/I01375X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000837","name":"University of Nottingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T11:53:19Z","timestamp":1559217199000},"page":"210-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"special_numbering":"C","title":["In vitro investigation on the impact of airway mucus on drug dissolution and absorption at the air-epithelium interface in the lungs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Cingolani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safar","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn C","family":"Sadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Prime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snjezana","family":"Stolnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Bosquillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2010.0836","article-title":"The particle has landed \u2013 characterizing the fate of inhaled pharmaceuticals","volume":"23","author":"Patton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Aerosol. Med. Pulm. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2010.11.004","article-title":"Challenges in inhaled product development and opportunities for open innovation","volume":"63","author":"Forbes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-012-9822-3","article-title":"Challenges with developing in vitro dissolution tests for orally inhaled products (OIPs)","volume":"13","author":"Riley","year":"2012","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-012-0744-2","article-title":"Dissolution techniques for in vitro testing of dry powders for inhalation","volume":"29","author":"May","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-015-9763-3","article-title":"In vitro testing for orally inhaled products: developments in science-based regulatory approaches","volume":"17","author":"Forbes","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.09.002","article-title":"Dry powder inhalers: an overview of the in vitro dissolution methodologies and their correlation with the biopharmaceutical aspects of the drug products","volume":"113","author":"Velaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-017-2169-4","article-title":"A biocompatible synthetic lung fluid based on human respiratory tract lining fluid composition","volume":"34","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2008.07.019","article-title":"A novel cell compatible impingement system to study in vitro drug absorption from dry powder aerosol formulations","volume":"72","author":"Bur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2009.0757","article-title":"Drug transport across pulmonary epithelial cell monolayers: effect of particle size, apical liquid volume and deposition technique","volume":"23","author":"Bur","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Med. Pulm. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S1773-2247(11)50051-6","article-title":"Integrated in vitro experimental modelling of inhaled drug delivery: deposition, dissolution and absorption","volume":"21","author":"Sadler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Drug. Del. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/026119291003800408","article-title":"The Pharmaceutical Aerosol Deposition Device on Cell Cultures (PADDOCC) in vitro system: design and experimental protocol","volume":"38","author":"Hein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Altern. Lab. Anim. ATLA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1021\/mp200620m","article-title":"Deposition, diffusion and transport mechanism of dry powder microparticulate salbutamol, at the respiratory epithelia","volume":"9","author":"Haghi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-013-1282-2","article-title":"In vitro cell integrated impactor deposition methodology for the study of aerodynamically relevant size fractions from commercial pressurised metered dose inhalers","volume":"31","author":"Haghi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1021\/mp200415g","article-title":"Critical characteristics for corticosteroid solution metered dose inhaler bioequivalence","volume":"9","author":"Grainger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-006-0255-0","article-title":"Culture of Calu-3 cells at the air interface provides a representativie model of the airway epithelial barrier","volume":"23","author":"Grainger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.05.077","article-title":"Gentamicin and leucine inhalable powder: what about antipseudomonal activity and permeation through cystic fibrosis mucus?","volume":"440","author":"Russo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2015.1228","article-title":"Rheological properties of cystic fibrosis bronchial secretion and in vitro drug permeation study: the effect of sodium bicarbonate","volume":"29","author":"Stigliani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Aerosol. Med. Pulm. Drug. Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1089\/adt.2017.779","article-title":"DissolvIt: an in vitro method for simulating the dissolution and absorption of inhaled dry powder drugs in the lungs","volume":"15","author":"Gerde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Assay Drug Dev Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.106212","article-title":"Effect of inhaled indomethacin in asthmatic patients taking high doses of inhaled corticosteroids","volume":"105","author":"Tamaoki","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2007.0672","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect from indomethacin nanoparticles inhaled by male mice","volume":"21","author":"Onischuk","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Aerosol. Med. Pulm. Drug. Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.03.030","article-title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pulmonary administration: design and investigation of ketoprofen lysinate fine dry powders","volume":"448","author":"Stigliani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0110","unstructured":"S. May, S. Kind, B. Jensen, M. Wolkenhauer, M. Schneider, C.-M. Lehr, Miniature dissolution testing of powders for inhalation, Dissolution Technologies (2015) dx.doi.org\/10.14227\/DT220315P40."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2005.02.010","article-title":"Human respiratory epithelial cell culture for drug delivery applications","volume":"60","author":"Forbes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200807-1056OC","article-title":"Ex vivo sputum analysis reveals impairment of protease-dependent mucus degradation by plasma proteins in acute asthma","volume":"180","author":"Innes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2017.10.009","article-title":"The role of mucus on drug transport and its potential to affect therapeutic outcomes","volume":"124","author":"Murgia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Haghi, D. Traini, D.S. Postma, M. Bebawy, P.M. Young, Fluticasone uptake across Calu-3 cells is mediated by salmeterol when deposited as a combination powder inhaler, Respirology. 18 (2013) 1197\u20131201.","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12146"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2015.04.012","article-title":"Is the cellular uptake of respiratory aerosols delivered from different devices equivalent?","volume":"93","author":"Ong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.01.011","article-title":"Mucus models to evaluate nanomedicines for diffusion","volume":"19","author":"Groo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-013-1280-4","article-title":"Development of 2D and 3D mucus models and their interactions with mucus-penetrating paclitaxel-loaded lipid nanocapsules","volume":"31","author":"Groo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4406","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23757","article-title":"Development and evaluation of a novel mucus diffusion test system approved by self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems","volume":"102","author":"Friedl","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2008.09.006","article-title":"The permeability of large molecular weight solutes following particle delivery to air-interfaced cells that model the respiratory mucosa","volume":"71","author":"Grainger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.05.040","article-title":"Mucus as a barrier to lipophilic drugs","volume":"453","author":"Sigurdsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.11.028","article-title":"The influence of excipients on the diffusion of ibuprofen and paracetamol in gastric mucus","volume":"290","author":"Shaw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.E. Hastedt, P. B\u00e4ckman, A.R. Clark, W. Doub, A. Hickey, G. Hochhaus, P.J. Kueh, C-M. Lehr, P. Mauser, J. McConville, R. Niven, M. Sakagimi, J.G. Weers, Scope and relevance of a pulmonary biopharmaceutical classification system AAPS\/FDA\/USP Workshop March 16\u201317th, 2015 in Baltimore, MD, AAPS Open (2016) 2:1 DOI: 10.1186\/s41120-015-0002-x.","DOI":"10.1186\/s41120-015-0002-x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.06.029","article-title":"The influence of lung surfactant liquid crystalline nanostructures on respiratory drug delivery","volume":"514","author":"Das","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939641119303339?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939641119303339?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T19:03:25Z","timestamp":1574795005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939641119303339"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0939641119303339"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-6411"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-6411","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In vitro investigation on the impact of airway mucus on drug dissolution and absorption at the air-epithelium interface in the lungs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2019.05.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}