{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:47:16Z","timestamp":1791492436904,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFD2402204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD2402204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T15:12:58Z","timestamp":1748445178000},"page":"114759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bactericidal synergism between phage and antibiotics: A combination strategy to target multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"213","author":[{"given":"Shuxian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqi","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rulin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqing","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10020214","article-title":"Impact of the peptide WMR-K on dual-species biofilm Candida albicans\/Klebsiella pneumoniae and on the untargeted metabolomic profile","volume":"10","author":"Galdiero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1086\/533452","article-title":"Federal Funding for the Study of Antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial pathogens: No ESKAPE","volume":"197","author":"Rice","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-022-00543-8","article-title":"CRISPR in modulating antibiotic resistance of ESKAPE pathogens","volume":"65","author":"Saha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.778676","article-title":"Evaluation of bacteriophage cocktail on septicemia caused by colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice model","volume":"13","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002176","article-title":"A multi-centered case-case-control study of factors associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae infections in children and young adults","volume":"38","author":"Logan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0030","first-page":"1452","article-title":"Analysis of biofilm-forming ability and drug resistance for hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"57","author":"Shui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0035","first-page":"169","article-title":"Identification of bacteriophage PCCM_KpP1172 and its therapeutic efficacy evaluation against CR-hvKP infection in Galleria mellonella larvae","volume":"45","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0040","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of novel bacteriophage vB_KpP_HS106 for Klebsiella pneumonia K2 and applications in foods","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0045","first-page":"9","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of a bacteriophage in the treatment of pneumonia induced by multidrug resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice","volume":"752930","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02530-19","article-title":"Phage resistance in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 evolves via diverse mutations that culminate in impaired adsorption","volume":"11","author":"Hesse","year":"2020","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01123-10","article-title":"Experimental phage therapy in treating Klebsiella pneumoniae-mediated liver abscesses and bacteremia in mice","volume":"55","author":"Hung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7723","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15476","article-title":"The evolutionary trade-offs in phage-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae entail cross-phage sensitization and loss of multidrug resistance","volume":"23","author":"Majkowska-Skrobek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-4571.2012.00248.x","article-title":"Evolutionary dynamics of separate and combined exposure of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 to antibiotics and bacteriophage","volume":"5","author":"Escobar-P\u00e1ramo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms6040125","article-title":"Sequential combined effect of phages and antibiotics on the inactivation of Escherichia coli","volume":"6","author":"Lopes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2023.106951","article-title":"Sequential treatment effects on phage-antibiotic synergistic application against multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"62","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.01.112","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of phenyllactic acid against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli by dual mechanisms","volume":"228","author":"Ning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.1c00117","article-title":"Synergistic effects of phage-antibiotic combinations against Citrobacter amalonaticus","volume":"8","author":"Manohar","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0090","first-page":"212","article-title":"NCCLS Infobase 96 - national committee for clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS)","volume":"28","author":"Wilson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0095","first-page":"1329","article-title":"Synergistic and antibiofilm activity of the antimicrobial peptide P5 against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"2019","author":"Martinez","year":"1861","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.07.011","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of food-grade chitosan against Vibrio parahaemolyticus biofilms","volume":"110","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Pathogen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01881","article-title":"High correlation between structure development and chemical variation during biofilm formation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12375","article-title":"Cell surface hydrophobicity: a key component in the degradation of polyethylene succinate by Pseudomonas sp AKS2","volume":"116","author":"Tribedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076106","article-title":"Ginger extract inhibits biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0120","first-page":"827","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of silybin on the efflux pump of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00096","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00096-22","article-title":"Bactericidal synergism between phage YC#06 and antibiotics: a combination strategy to target multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiy107","article-title":"Transient negative effects of antibiotics on phages do not jeopardise the advantages of combination therapies","volume":"94","author":"Torres-Barcel\u00f3","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.2002671","article-title":"Colistin-phage combinations decrease antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii via changes in envelope architecture, Emerging","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00900-21","article-title":"Enhanced antibacterial activity of repurposed mitomycin C and imipenem in combination with the lytic phage vB_KpnM-VAC13 against clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"65","author":"Pacios","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10068-016-0192-6","article-title":"Role of phage-antibiotic combination in reducing antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"25","author":"Jo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16020162","article-title":"An overview of biofilm-associated infections and the role of phytochemicals and nanomaterials in their control and prevention","volume":"16","author":"Damyanova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-023-03826-z","article-title":"Biofilm-mediated infections by multidrug-resistant microbes: a comprehensive exploration and forward perspectives","volume":"206","author":"Zafer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-147-1-3","article-title":"Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework","volume":"147","author":"Sutherland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00791-0","article-title":"The biofilm matrix: multitasking in a shared space","volume":"21","author":"Flemming","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168615","article-title":"Synergy and order effects of antibiotics and phages in killing pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms","volume":"12","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2023.106752","article-title":"The effect of phage-antibiotic combination strategy on multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms","volume":"210","author":"Erol","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2020.0395","article-title":"Overexpression of efflux pumps mediate pan resistance of klebsiella pneumoniae sequence Type 11","volume":"27","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10091117","article-title":"Clinical Status of Efflux resistance mechanisms in gram-negative bacteria","volume":"10","author":"Davin-Regli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106200","article-title":"Bacteriophage-antibiotic combinations against ciprofloxacin\/ceftriaxone-resistant Escherichia coli in vitro and in an experimental Galleria mellonella model","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939641125001365?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0939641125001365?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T23:48:10Z","timestamp":1749512890000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0939641125001365"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0939641125001365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-6411"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-6411","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bactericidal synergism between phage and antibiotics: A combination strategy to target multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro and in vivo","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114759","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114759"}}