{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:36:44Z","timestamp":1793385404344,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,4]],"date-time":"2008-06-04T08:16:24Z","timestamp":1212567384000},"page":"163-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["On the mechanism of antidepressant-like action of berberine chloride"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"589","author":[{"given":"Shrinivas K.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Dhir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.11.023","article-title":"Evidence for the involvement of l-arginine\u2013nitric oxide\u2013cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway in the antidepressant-like effect of memantine in mice","volume":"168","author":"Almeida","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.CRJ04005X","article-title":"The role of sigma receptors in depression","volume":"97","author":"Bermack","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/026988110201600403","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of antidepressants on norepinephrine and serotonin concentrations in the rat frontal cortex, an in-vivo microdialysis study","volume":"16","author":"Beyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib4","first-page":"94","article-title":"Berberine, Therapeutic potential of an alkaloid found in several medicinal plants","volume":"2","author":"Birdsall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Altern. Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib5","first-page":"385","article-title":"Current concepts in clinical therapeutics, major affective disorders","volume":"5","author":"Bryant","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib6","series-title":"Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica","author":"Chang","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.04.028","article-title":"Involvement of nitric oxide NO signaling pathway in the antidepressant action of bupropion, a dopamine reuptake inhibitor","volume":"568","author":"Dhir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.04.055","article-title":"Involvement of sigma-1 s1 receptor modulation in the antidepressant action of venlafaxine","volume":"420","author":"Dhir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib9","article-title":"Involvement of sigma sigma1 receptors in modulating the antidepressant effect of neurosteroids dehydroepiandrosterone or pregnenolone in mouse tail-suspension test","volume":"28","author":"Dhir","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1080\/13556210500352964","article-title":"Protective effect of cyclooxygenase-2 COX-2 inhibitors but not non-selective cyclooxygenase COX-inhibitors on ethanol withdrawal-induced behavioural changes","volume":"10","author":"Dhir","year":"2005","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704569","article-title":"NO as a signalling molecule in the nervous system","volume":"135","author":"Esplugues","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brit. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(03)00030-3","article-title":"Serotonergic mediation of the antidepressant-like effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors","volume":"44","author":"Harkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2003.08.010","article-title":"Nitric oxide inhibitors augment the effects of serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in the forced swimming test","volume":"14","author":"Harkin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib14","first-page":"3857","article-title":"Sigma receptor ligands, possible application as therapeutic drugs and as radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"12","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00084-0","article-title":"Reduction of cGMP and nitric oxide has antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test in rats","volume":"134","author":"Heiberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Brain. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90170-E","article-title":"Autoradiographic identification and characterization of sigma receptors in guinea pig brain using [3H]1cyclopropylmethyl-4-2\u2032-4\u2033-fluorophenyl-2\u2032-oxoethyl piperidine [3H]DuP 734, a novel sigma receptor ligand","volume":"598","author":"Heroux","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib17","first-page":"526","article-title":"Effects of berberine on synthesis of platelet TXA2 and plasma PGI2 in rabbits","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chung Kuo Yao Li Hsueh Pao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.58.5.0015","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Stephania venosa tuber","volume":"58","author":"Ingkaninan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib19","first-page":"23","article-title":"Modulation of neuronal activities in the central nervous system via sigma receptors","volume":"22","author":"Ishihara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0326-2","article-title":"Inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the rat hippocampus induces antidepressant-like effects","volume":"185","author":"Joca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1159\/000119540","article-title":"Short review on monoamine oxidase and its inhibitors","volume":"34","author":"Kanazawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.06.031","article-title":"Effect of potassium channel inhibitors in the forced swimming test, possible involvement of l-arginine\u2013nitric oxide\u2013soluble guanylate cyclase pathway","volume":"165","author":"Kaster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Brain. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib23","first-page":"744","article-title":"Effects of igmesine in preclinical antidepressant tests","volume":"24","author":"Kinsora","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-0618(00)00106-X","article-title":"Expression of the purported sigma1 receptor in the mammalian brain and its possible relevance in deficits induced by antagonism of the NMDA receptor complex as revealed using an antisense strategy","volume":"20","author":"Kitaichi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Chem. Neuroanat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1027361101419","article-title":"Sigma 1 receptor subtype is involved in the facilitation of cortical dopaminergic transmission in the rat brain","volume":"22","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-10874","article-title":"Monoamine oxidase inhibitors from rhizoma of Coptis chinensis","volume":"67","author":"Kong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1135","article-title":"Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins","volume":"10","author":"Kong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(80)90136-8","article-title":"Heat and other physiological stress-induced analgesia, catecholamine mediated and naloxone reversible response","volume":"27","author":"Kulkarni","year":"1980","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib29","series-title":"Experiments on Intact Preparation","first-page":"123","author":"Kulkarni","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429665","article-title":"Purine nucleoside-mediated immobility in mice, reversal by antidepressants","volume":"85","author":"Kulkarni","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.05.002","article-title":"Effect of various classes of antidepressants in behavioural paradigms of despair","volume":"31","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5198(19)31702-0","article-title":"Pharmacological investigations of berberine sulphate","volume":"22","author":"Kulkarni","year":"1972","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0006","article-title":"Berberine, a natural plant product, activates AMP-activated protein kinase with beneficial metabolic effects in diabetic and insulin-resistant states","volume":"55","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(03)00306-9","article-title":"Melatonin exerts an antidepressant-like effect in the tail suspension test in mice, evidence for involvement of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and the l-arginine\u2013nitric oxide pathway","volume":"343","author":"Mantovani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(96)00497-9","article-title":"Sigma 1 receptor subtype is involved in the relief of behavioral despair in the mouse forced swimming test","volume":"312","author":"Matsuno","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(89)90223-2","article-title":"Hypothermia in mice, D2 dopamine receptor mediation and absence of spare receptors","volume":"32","author":"Meller","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(96)00254-3","article-title":"Interactions of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with subtypes of sigma receptors in rat brain","volume":"307","author":"Narita","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7254.2005.00186.x","article-title":"Roles of nitric oxide in protective effect of berberine in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer mice","volume":"26","author":"Pan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00310623","article-title":"Clonidine-induced behavioural despair in mice, reversal by antidepressants","volume":"89","author":"Parale","year":"1986","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1163\/156856005774649359","article-title":"Peripheral and central activation of nitric oxide-cyclic GMP pathway by sildenafil","volume":"13","author":"Patil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.04.032","article-title":"Anxiolytic effect of berberine on exploratory activity of the mouse in two experimental anxiety models, interaction with drugs acting at 5-HT receptors","volume":"75","author":"Peng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.08.003","article-title":"Berberine produces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test and in the tail suspension test in mice","volume":"81","author":"Peng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(78)90118-8","article-title":"Behavioural despair in rats, a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments","volume":"47","author":"Porsolt","year":"1978","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/155.5.979","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of berberine sulfate therapy for diarrhea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae","volume":"155","author":"Rabbani","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199809140-00028","article-title":"Sigma 1 receptor mediated anti-depressant-like effects of neurosteroids in the Porsolt forced swim test","volume":"9","author":"Reddy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib46","first-page":"493","article-title":"Mechanism of synergistic action following co-treatment with pramipexole and fluoxetine or sertraline in the forced swimming test in rats","volume":"58","author":"Rogoz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib47","first-page":"257","article-title":"Central nervous system depressant activities of melatonin in rats and mice","volume":"36","author":"Shaji","year":"1988","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib48","first-page":"172","article-title":"Dopamine receptor mediated antidepressant action of B-HT 920 in mice","volume":"32","author":"Sharma","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib49","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Sigma1 receptor antagonists attenuate antidepressant-like effect induced by co-administration of 1,3 di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG) and memantine in the forced swimming test in rats","volume":"55","author":"Skuza","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pol. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib50","first-page":"217","article-title":"The synergistic effect of selective sigma receptor agonists and uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists in the forced swim test in rats","volume":"57","author":"Skuza","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900022641","article-title":"Antidepressant treatment of psychotic major depression, potential role of the sigma receptor","volume":"10","author":"Stahl","year":"2005","journal-title":"CNS Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00428203","article-title":"The tail suspension test, a new method for screening antidepressants in mice","volume":"85","author":"Steru","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867033456783","article-title":"Understanding the molecular mechanism of sigma1 receptors, towards a hypothesis that sigma1 receptors are intracellular amplifiers for signal transduction","volume":"10","author":"Su","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-832679","article-title":"A perspective on the new mechanism of antidepressants, neuritogenesis through sigma1 receptors","volume":"37","author":"Takebayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(98)00093-8","article-title":"Beneficial effects of acute and repeated administrations of sigma receptor agonists on behavioral despair in mice exposed to tail suspension","volume":"61","author":"Ukai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1991.tb03490.x","article-title":"Chronic electroconvulsive shock alters hypothermic response of B-HT 920 and SKF 38393 in rats","volume":"43","author":"Verma","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2007.02.007","article-title":"Novel sigma receptor agonists produce antidepressant-like effects in mice","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03738-1","article-title":"Local, but not systemic, administration of serotonergic antidepressants decreases hippocampal nitric oxide synthase activity","volume":"959","author":"Wegener","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12941","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508157200","article-title":"Chronic antidepressants potentiate via sigma1 receptors the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced signaling for glutamate release","volume":"281","author":"Yagasaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib60","first-page":"711","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of berberine on 60 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and experimental research","volume":"8","author":"Yanxia","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.29.623","article-title":"Berberry extract reduces neuronal damage and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia","volume":"29","author":"Yoo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(03)00533-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of berberine for congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"92","author":"Zeng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-7-78","article-title":"Berberine chloride can ameliorate the spatial memory impairment and increase the expression of interleukin-1beta and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the rat model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"7","author":"Zhu","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299908005694?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299908005694?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T20:02:38Z","timestamp":1728417758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299908005694"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0014299908005694"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"On the mechanism of antidepressant-like action of berberine chloride","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.043","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}