{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T12:03:44Z","timestamp":1785153824455,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,22]],"date-time":"2011-01-22T09:24:12Z","timestamp":1295688252000},"page":"30-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Comparison of mibefradil and derivative NNC 55-0396 effects on behavior, cytochrome P450 activity, and tremor in mouse models of essential tremor"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"659","author":[{"given":"Arnulfo","family":"Quesada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregg E.","family":"Homanics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Hankinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Handforth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2007.8","article-title":"Reduced Purkinje cell number in essential tremor: a postmortem study","volume":"65","author":"Axelrad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231139","article-title":"Harmaline induced tremor. III. A combined simple units, horseradish peroxidase, and 2-deoxyglucose study of the olivocerebellar system in the rat","volume":"57","author":"Bernard","year":"1984","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.107.020115","article-title":"The mibefradil derivative NNC55-0396, a specific T-type calcium channel antagonist, exhibits less CYP3A4 inhibition than mibefradil","volume":"36","author":"Bui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3234","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3364-04.2005","article-title":"GABA transporter deficiency causes tremor, ataxia, nervousness, and increased GABA-induced tonic conductance in cerebellum","volume":"25","author":"Chiu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.02.066","article-title":"Genetic analysis of the GABRA1 gene in patients with essential tremor","volume":"401","author":"Deng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(03)00177-5","article-title":"Reversal of experimental neuropathic pain by T-type calcium channel blockers","volume":"105","author":"Dogrul","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03110.x","article-title":"Mibefradil, a pharmacologically distinct calcium antagonist","volume":"18","author":"Ernst","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.6.5.569","article-title":"Mibefradil (Ro 40-5967): the first selective T-type Ca2+ channel blocker","volume":"6","author":"Ertel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.05.012","article-title":"T-type calcium channel antagonists suppress tremor in two mouse models of essential tremor","volume":"59","author":"Handforth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.060814","article-title":"NNC 55-0396 [(1S, 2S)-2-(2-(N-[(3-benzimidazol-2-yl)propyl]-N-methylamino)ethyl)-6-fluoro-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-isopropyl-2-naphtyl cyclopropanecarboxylate dihydrochloride]: a new selective inhibitor of T-type calcium channels","volume":"309","author":"Huang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.4.400","article-title":"Essential tremor and cerebellar dysfunction: abnormal ballistic movements","volume":"73","author":"K\u00f6ster","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200523625","article-title":"Genetic essential tremor in \u03b3-aminobutyric acidA receptor \u03b11 subunit knockout mice","volume":"115","author":"Kralic","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm081","article-title":"Eyeblink conditioning is impaired in subjects with essential tremor","volume":"130","author":"Kronenbuerger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3466.2005.tb00164.x","article-title":"Towards selective antagonists of T-type calcium channels: design, characterization and potential applications of NNC 55-0396","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drug Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013763","article-title":"Electrophysiology of mammalian inferior olivary neurones in vitro. Different types of voltage-dependent ionic conductances","volume":"315","author":"Llin\u00e1s","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.11.5.717","article-title":"Towards the discovery of novel T-type calcium channel blockers","volume":"11","author":"Lory","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00966-7","article-title":"Metabolic abnormality in the cerebellum in patients with essential tremor: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study","volume":"333","author":"Louis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.105.009035","article-title":"Comparison of mouse and rat cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism in liver and intestine","volume":"34","author":"Martignoni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20331","article-title":"Harmaline-induced tremor as a potential preclinical screening method for essential tremor medications","volume":"20","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36943-5","article-title":"Selective deficiency of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase activity in mouse liver microsomes","volume":"282","author":"Masubuchi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5555","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601261103","article-title":"Specific T-type calcium channel isoforms are associated with distinct burst phenotypes in deep cerebellar nuclear neurons","volume":"103","author":"Molineux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000197851.11031.9c","article-title":"Antihypertensive effects of the putative T-type calcium channel antagonist mibefradil are mediated by the L-type calcium channel Cav1.2","volume":"98","author":"Moosmang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0115","first-page":"265","article-title":"Polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes: what is their clinical relevance and why do they exist?","volume":"60","author":"Nebert","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00243.2004","article-title":"Expression of distinct \u03b1 subunits of GABAA receptor regulates inhibitory synaptic strength","volume":"92","author":"Ortinski","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9323","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2610-06.2006","article-title":"Deletion of the GABAA receptor \u03b11 subunit increases tonic GABAA receptor current: a role for GABA uptake transporters","volume":"26","author":"Ortinski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78800-0","article-title":"What lessons can be learnt from withdrawal of mibefradil from the market?","volume":"351","author":"Po","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(87)90231-7","article-title":"Harmala alkaloids and related \u03b2-carbolines: a myoclonic model and antimyoclonic drugs","volume":"96","author":"Pranzatelli","year":"1987","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1196-348","article-title":"Mice lacking both subunits of lysosomal \u03b2-hexosaminidase display gangliosidosis and mucopolysaccharidosis","volume":"14","author":"Sango","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3692","DOI":"10.1021\/jm800419w","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel 4-aminomethyl-4-fluoropiperidine as a T-type Ca2+ channel antagonist","volume":"51","author":"Shipe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.06.038","article-title":"Lacosamide, the new anticonvulsant, effectively reduces harmaline-induced tremors in rats","volume":"589","author":"St\u00f6hr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.11.2278","article-title":"The gait disorder of advanced essential tremor","volume":"124","author":"Stolze","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03350-4","article-title":"Mechanical and thermal antinociception in rats following systemic administration of mibefradil, a T-type calcium channel blocker","volume":"951","author":"Todorovic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050809","article-title":"Positive allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor: differential interaction of benzodiazepines and neuroactive steroids with ethanol","volume":"141","author":"Vanover","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-09-03009.2001","article-title":"GABAA receptor \u03b11 subunit deletion prevents developmental changes of inhibitory synaptic currents in cerebellar neurons","volume":"21","author":"Vicini","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(24)15160-4","article-title":"Mibefradil is a P-glycoprotein substrate and a potent inhibitor of both P-glycoprotein and CYP3A in vitro","volume":"28","author":"Wandel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199835060-00001","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of mibefradil","volume":"35","author":"Welker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)35373-X","article-title":"A mibefradil metabolite is a potent intracellular blocker of L-type Ca2+ currents in pancreatic \u03b2-cells","volume":"292","author":"Wu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6471","DOI":"10.1021\/jm800830n","article-title":"Discovery of 1, 4-substituted piperidines as potent and selective inhibitors of T-type calcium channels","volume":"51","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.047050","article-title":"Contribution of individual cytochrome P450 isozymes to the O-demethylation of the psychotropic \u03b2-carboline alkaloids harmaline and harmine","volume":"305","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21559","article-title":"Tiagabine and exacerbation of essential tremor","volume":"22","author":"Zesiewicz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299911000203?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299911000203?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T01:45:44Z","timestamp":1740879944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299911000203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0014299911000203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}}}