{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T05:16:15Z","timestamp":1793682975829,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001427","name":"All India Council for Technical Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001427","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T22:34:30Z","timestamp":1616106870000},"page":"174044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Activation of the Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathway by dimethyl fumarate ameliorates complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"899","author":[{"given":"Roshan","family":"Lal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jatinder","family":"Dhaliwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navneet","family":"Dhaliwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravinder Naik","family":"Dharavath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanwaljit","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.07.010","article-title":"Naringenin protects against oxido-inflammatory aberrations and altered tryptophan metabolism in olfactory bulbectomized-mice model of depression","volume":"355","author":"Bansal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2011.10.012","article-title":"Inhibition of NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation via HO-1 activation underlies \u03b1-tocopheryl succinate toxicity","volume":"23","author":"Bellezza","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V60.3.618.618","article-title":"Cellular and extracellular myeloperoxidase in pyogenic inflammation","volume":"60","author":"Bradley","year":"1982","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3537","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI36389","article-title":"Evidence that cytokines play a role in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"118","author":"Brennan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052435","article-title":"Heme oxygenase-1 regulates the progression of K\/BxN serum transfer arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Brines","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1159\/000108280","article-title":"Regulation of food intake by inflammatory cytokines in the brain","volume":"86","author":"Buchanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib7","article-title":"CP-25, a novel compound, protects against autoimmune arthritis by modulating immune mediators of inflammation and bone damage","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.04.001","article-title":"Dihydromyricetin relieves rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and suppresses expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the activation of Nrf2 pathway in rheumatoid arthritis model","volume":"59","author":"Chu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0689-z","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate modulates oxidative stress and inflammation in organs after Sepsis in rats","volume":"41","author":"Della Giustina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117856","article-title":"Beneficial effects of ferulic acid alone and in combination with insulin in streptozotocin induced diabetic neuropathy in Sprague Dawley rats","volume":"255","author":"Dhaliwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22476","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate protects thioacetamide\u2010induced liver damage in rats: studies on Nrf2, NLRP3, and NF\u2010\u03baB","volume":"34","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","article-title":"Tissue sulfhydryl groups","volume":"82","author":"Ellman","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2018.04.010","article-title":"Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for rheumatic diseases","volume":"152","author":"Ferr\u00e1ndiz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7536805","article-title":"Oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis: what the future might hold regarding novel biomarkers and add-on therapies","author":"Fonseca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)57021-6","article-title":"Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reaction","volume":"177","author":"Gornall","year":"1949","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90118-X","article-title":"Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N] nitrate in biological fluids","volume":"126","author":"Green","year":"1982","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-018-2408-1","article-title":"Therapeutic benefits of Indole-3-Carbinol in adjuvant-induced arthritis and its protective effect against methotrexate induced-hepatic toxicity","volume":"18","author":"Hasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Compl. Alternative Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020271","article-title":"Electrophiles against (skin) diseases: more than Nrf2","volume":"10","author":"Hennig","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.106131","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate and curcumin attenuate hepatic ischemia\/reperfusion injury via Nrf2\/HO-1 activation and anti-inflammatory properties","volume":"80","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int.Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153752","article-title":"The clinical significance of interleukin\u20131 receptor Antagonist+ 2018 polymorphism in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Ismail","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0563-z","article-title":"Role of C-reactive protein in osteoclastogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib22","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of the new ganghwaljetongyeum on adjuvant-induced inflammatory arthritis in rats","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21754","article-title":"Regulatory role of heme oxygenase 1 in inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"54","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(78)90479-4","article-title":"Generation of superoxide radical during autoxidation of hydroxylamine and an assay for superoxide dismutase","volume":"186","author":"Kono","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch.Biochemistry Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2009.06.013","article-title":"Tocotrienol attenuates oxidative\u2013nitrosative stress and inflammatory cascade in experimental model of diabetic neuropathy","volume":"57","author":"Kuhad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-019-00022-z","article-title":"Astaxanthin attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in complete Freund-adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats","volume":"72","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1054\/npep.1999.0048","article-title":"Interleukins and tumor necrosis factor as inhibitors of food intake","volume":"33","author":"Langhans","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(76)90747-6","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver","volume":"71","author":"Lawrence","year":"1976","journal-title":"Biophys.Res.Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003077","article-title":"Oral dimethyl fumarate reduces peripheral neuropathic pain in rodents via NFE2L2 antioxidant signaling","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01099","article-title":"Nrf2 suppression delays diabetic wound healing through sustained oxidative stress and inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01341","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro approach to anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effect of crocetin by alteration of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2\/hem oxygenase (HO)-1 and NF-\u03baB expression","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.11.JNS132348","article-title":"Dimethylfumarate alleviates early brain injury and secondary cognitive deficits after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage via activation of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE system","volume":"123","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2017.11.002","article-title":"In vivo anti-arthritic and anti-nociceptive effects of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats","volume":"7","author":"Mahdi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Integr. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1186\/ar300","article-title":"NF-\u03baB in rheumatoid arthritis: a pivotal regulator of inflammation, hyperplasia, and tissue destruction","volume":"3","author":"Makarov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153015","article-title":"Naringenin inhibits superoxide anion-induced inflammatory pain: role of oxidative stress, cytokines, Nrf-2 and the NO\u2212 cGMP\u2212 PKG\u2212 KATP Channel signaling pathway","volume":"11","author":"Manchope","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-016-0285-0","article-title":"Niflumic acid, a TRPV1 channel modulator, ameliorates stavudine-induced neuropathic pain","volume":"24","author":"Marwaha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2014.00020","article-title":"Rheumatoid cachexia revisited: a metabolic co-morbidity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Masuko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S187529","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of dimethyl fumarate for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: efficacy, safety, patient experience and adherence","volume":"13","author":"Narapureddy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Patient Prefer. Adherence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8090342","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory, anti-arthritic and anti-nociceptive activities of Nigella sativa oil in a rat model of arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Nasuti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2014.886327","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase and its products in synovial fluid of patients with treated or untreated rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"48","author":"Nzeusseu Toukap","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38299","article-title":"Endogenous myeloperoxidase is a mediator of joint inflammation and damage in experimental arthritis","volume":"66","author":"Odobasic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-018-0507-8","article-title":"Pharmacological and biochemical studies on protective effects of mangiferin and its interaction with nitric oxide (NO) modulators in adjuvant-induced changes in arthritic parameters, inflammatory, and oxidative biomarkers in rats","volume":"27","author":"Pal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2009.02.019","article-title":"Scopolin isolated from Erycibe obtusifolia Benth stems suppresses adjuvant-induced rat arthritis by inhibiting inflammation and angiogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Pan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-011-0156-8","article-title":"Neutrophil myeloperoxidase: soldier and statesman","volume":"60","author":"Prokopowicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6097417","article-title":"Oxidative stress relevance in the pathogenesis of the rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review","author":"Qui\u00f1onez-Flores","year":"2016","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.117.244376","article-title":"Treatment with sulforaphane produces antinociception and improves morphine effects during inflammatory pain in mice","volume":"363","author":"Redondo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.04.008","article-title":"NF-\u03baB as a potential therapeutic target in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Roman-Blas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2014.05.004","article-title":"Oxidative post-translational modifications and their involvement in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases","volume":"2","author":"Ryan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21567","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate, a two\u2010edged drug: current status and future directions","volume":"39","author":"Saidu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Polystichum braunii extracts inhibit Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis via upregulation of I-\u03baB, IL-4, and IL-10, downregulation of COX-2, PGE2, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, NF-\u03baB, and TNF-\u03b1, and subsiding oxidative stress","author":"Saleem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00564-x","article-title":"The intensity of joint pain in relation to changes in serum TNF\u03b1 during therapy with anti-TNF\u03b1 inhibitors","volume":"27","author":"Sikorska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8090410","article-title":"Diallyl trisulfide protects rat brain tissue against the damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion through the Nrf2 pathway","volume":"8","author":"Silva-Islas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.086","article-title":"Oxidative stress in autoimmune rheumatic diseases","volume":"125","author":"Smallwood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.5499\/wjr.v4.i3.44","article-title":"Muscle wasting in rheumatoid arthritis: the role of oxidative stress","volume":"4","author":"Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.12.039","article-title":"Agmatine ameliorates adjuvant induced arthritis and inflammatory cachexia in rats","volume":"86","author":"Taksande","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/815038","article-title":"A systematic review of serum biomarkers anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and rheumatoid factor as tests for rheumatoid arthritis","author":"Taylor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmune Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2009.01375.x","article-title":"Status of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Vasanthi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib57","article-title":"Potential protective and therapeutic roles of the Nrf2 pathway in ocular diseases: an update","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2014.09.012","article-title":"Increased levels of serum myeloperoxidase in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"117","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(65)90118-9","article-title":"Mechanisms of lipid peroxide formation in tissues role of metals and haematin proteins in the catalysis of the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids","volume":"98","author":"Wills","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.132720","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis: insights from the Nrf2-knockout mice","volume":"70","author":"Wruck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13367","article-title":"Dimethyl fumarate inhibits osteoclasts via attenuation of reactive oxygen species signalling by augmented antioxidation","volume":"22","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-018-0473-5","article-title":"Mechanisms for joint pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA): from cytokines to central sensitization","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00280","article-title":"Network Pharmacology based research on the combination mechanism between escin and low dose glucocorticoids in anti-rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3995","article-title":"Investigation of the effect of phlomisoside F on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-0394-6","article-title":"Nrf2 activation ameliorates mechanical allodynia in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain","volume":"41","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299921001977?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299921001977?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T22:49:44Z","timestamp":1757976584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299921001977"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0014299921001977"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Activation of the Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathway by dimethyl fumarate ameliorates complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174044","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"174044"}}