{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:34:14Z","timestamp":1791488054979,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004319","name":"Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T11:32:39Z","timestamp":1630409559000},"page":"174468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Hydralazine attenuates renal inflammation in diabetic rats with ischemia\/reperfusion acute kidney injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"910","author":[{"given":"Jyh-Gang","family":"Leu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsiang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao-Jen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080898","article-title":"Pathogenic and therapeutic relevance of JAK\/STAT signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus: integration of distinct inflammatory pathways and the prospect of their inhibition with an oral agent","volume":"8","author":"Alunno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2003.50114","article-title":"Assessing glycemic control in patients with diabetes and end-stage renal failure","volume":"41","author":"Ansari","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-4-10","article-title":"Hydralazine target: from blood vessels to the epigenome","volume":"4","author":"Arce","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015030309","article-title":"Progression after AKI: understanding maladaptive repair processes to predict and identify therapeutic treatments","volume":"27","author":"Basile","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2135","article-title":"Methylation determines fibroblast activation and fibrogenesis in the kidney","volume":"16","author":"Bechtel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-4021-5","article-title":"JAK inhibition in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease","volume":"59","author":"Brosius","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.710","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta\/delta agonism protects the kidney against ischemia\/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats","volume":"50","author":"Collino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2011.03498.x","article-title":"Risk of acute renal failure in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"29","author":"Girman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib9","first-page":"2585","article-title":"Overview of the STAT-3 signaling pathway in cancer and the development of specific inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-15-58","article-title":"Combined effect of hyperfiltration and renin angiotensin system activation on development of chronic kidney disease in diabetic db\/db mice","volume":"15","author":"Hartono","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.08.013","article-title":"Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of acute kidney injury after coronary artery bypass grafting","volume":"170","author":"Hertzberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05571008","article-title":"Nonrecovery of kidney function and death after acute on chronic renal failure","volume":"4","author":"Hsu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib13","article-title":"Malignant hypertension without end-organ damage secondary to stressful condition in a female","volume":"12","author":"Hussain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.970160","article-title":"Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease, I., 2011. Associations between acute kidney injury and cardiovascular and renal outcomes after coronary angiography","volume":"123","author":"James","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.02.338","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the association of estimated GFR, albuminuria, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension with acute kidney injury","volume":"66","author":"James","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2011.v5.4.173","article-title":"Valsartan attenuated oxidative stress, decreased MCP-1 and TGF-beta1 expression in glomerular mesangial and epithelial cells induced by high-glucose levels","volume":"5","author":"Jiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biosci. Trends"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181979440","article-title":"Development and validation of an acute kidney injury risk index for patients undergoing general surgery: results from a national data set","volume":"110","author":"Kheterpal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.11.015","article-title":"Hydralazine protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"843","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2011.03.011","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta downregulates the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice","volume":"43","author":"Liang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2013.06.026","article-title":"L-165,041, troglitazone and their combination treatment to attenuate high glucose-induced receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression","volume":"715","author":"Liang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.1100","article-title":"Advanced glycation end products-induced apoptosis attenuated by PPARdelta activation and epigallocatechin gallate through NF-kappaB pathway in human embryonic kidney cells and human mesangial cells","volume":"26","author":"Liang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib22","series-title":"Clinical and biological effects of demethylating agents on solid tumours - a systematic review","first-page":"10","volume":"54","author":"Linnekamp","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1361","article-title":"Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta inhibits streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy through anti-inflammatory mechanisms in mice","volume":"60","author":"Matsushita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111523","article-title":"Structural-functional relationships in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"74","author":"Mauer","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02610607","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and incident acute renal failure in older adults: the cardiovascular health study","volume":"3","author":"Mittalhenkle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v8.i2.211","article-title":"Novel epigenetic-based therapies useful in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"8","author":"Napoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.06.040","article-title":"NF-kappaB-iNOS-COX2-TNF alpha inflammatory signaling pathway plays an important role in methotrexate induced small intestinal injury in rats","volume":"118","author":"Natarajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01430-08","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in intensive care units","volume":"53","author":"Oliveira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1151","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00034.2019","article-title":"Targeting STAT3 signaling in kidney disease","volume":"316","author":"Pace","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib30","series-title":"Roles of JAK2 in aging, inflammation, hematopoiesis and malignant transformation","author":"Perner","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2020.07.010","article-title":"Health disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Peschken","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12521","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation in the acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition","volume":"20","author":"Rodriguez-Romo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib33","first-page":"1596","article-title":"Reactivation of tumor suppressor genes by the cardiovascular drugs hydralazine and procainamide and their potential use in cancer therapy","volume":"9","author":"Segura-Pacheco","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Canc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569322","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.569322","article-title":"New insights into the role and mechanism of partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition in kidney fibrosis","volume":"11","author":"Sheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.07.042","article-title":"Low-dose hydralazine prevents fibrosis in a murine model of acute kidney injury-to-chronic kidney disease progression","volume":"91","author":"Tampe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01120211","article-title":"Acute kidney injury episodes and chronic kidney disease risk in diabetes mellitus","volume":"6","author":"Thakar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127411","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in severe sepsis and septic shock in patients with and without diabetes mellitus: a multicenter study","volume":"10","author":"Venot","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05191107","article-title":"Diagnosis, epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney injury","volume":"3","author":"Waikar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.11.007","article-title":"Role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) in vascular damage in diabetes","volume":"46","author":"Yamagishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4161\/oxim.3.2.11148","article-title":"Advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress and diabetic nephropathy","volume":"3","author":"Yamagishi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2825(1997)11:1<53::AID-JCLA9>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Effects of treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor antagonist (AIIRA) on renal function and glomerular injury in subtotal nephrectomized rats","volume":"11","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.212217","article-title":"The RAGE axis: a fundamental mechanism signaling danger to the vulnerable vasculature","volume":"106","author":"Yan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2017.12.005","article-title":"Acute kidney injury and progression of diabetic kidney disease","volume":"25","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Chron. Kidney Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13466","article-title":"Epigenetic targeting for acute kidney injury","volume":"23","author":"Zhuang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299921006221?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299921006221?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T22:59:17Z","timestamp":1757977157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299921006221"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0014299921006221"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hydralazine attenuates renal inflammation in diabetic rats with ischemia\/reperfusion acute kidney injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174468","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"174468"}}