{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:30:02Z","timestamp":1793644202702,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":190,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694476800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":346,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R15HL140528-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R15HL140528-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R35 HL161237\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R35 HL161237\u201301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01HL141855-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01HL141855-04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL056728-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL056728-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T00:47:50Z","timestamp":1660610870000},"page":"175192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"special_numbering":"C","title":["In vivo degradation forms, anti-degradation strategies, and clinical applications of therapeutic peptides in non-infectious chronic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"932","author":[{"given":"Yagmur","family":"Tasdemiroglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G.","family":"Gourdie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-5960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia-Qiang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(90)90052-6","article-title":"Bioavailability of leuprolide following intratracheal administration to beagle dogs","volume":"61","author":"Adjei","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199855030-00013","article-title":"Tiagabine. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential in the management of epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Adkins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2004.02175.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and renal excretion of desmopressin after intravenous administration to healthy subjects and renally impaired patients","volume":"58","author":"Agerso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020660","article-title":"Therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease associated with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia","volume":"22","author":"Aguilar-Ballester","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2020.1851027","article-title":"Protein carbonylation: molecular mechanisms, biological implications, and analytical approaches","volume":"55","author":"Akagawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-331-8_27","article-title":"Enzymes acting on d-amino acid containing peptides","volume":"794","author":"Asano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60591-7","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes","volume":"383","author":"Atkinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj5201-65","volume":"52","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lixisenatide. Hosp. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib9","first-page":"3052","article-title":"Anticancer efficacy of magainin2 and analogue peptides","volume":"53","author":"Baker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4157(84)90014-5","article-title":"Transport of cystine and cysteine in mammalian cells","volume":"779","author":"Bannai","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.200780009","article-title":"Oxidation of proteins: basic principles and perspectives for blood proteomics","volume":"2","author":"Barelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proteonomics Clin. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjamin, E.J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M.S., Callaway, C.W., Carson, A.P., Chamberlain, A.M., Chang, A.R., Cheng, S., Das, S.R., Delling, F.N., Djousse, L., Elkind, M.S.V., Ferguson, J.F., Fornage, M., Jordan, L.C., Khan, S.S., Kissela, B.M., Knutson, K.L., Kwan, T.W., Lackland, D.T., Lewis, T.T., Lichtman, J.H., Longenecker, C.T., Loop, M.S., Lutsey, P.L., Martin, S.S., Matsushita, K., Moran, A.E., Mussolino, M.E., O'Flaherty, M., Pandey, A., Perak, A.M., Rosamond, W.D., Roth, G.A., Sampson, U.K.A., Satou, G.M., Schroeder, E.B., Shah, S.H., Spartano, N.L., Stokes, A., Tirschwell, D.L., Tsao, C.W., Turakhia, M.P., VanWagner, L.B., Wilkins, J.T., Wong, S.S., Virani, S.S., American Heart Association Council on, E., Prevention Statistics, C., Stroke Statistics, S., 2019. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2019 update: a report from the american heart association. Circulation 139, e56-e528. .","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000659"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib13","first-page":"33","article-title":"A critical appraisal of the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormon analog treatment on adult height of girls with central precocious puberty","volume":"9","author":"Bereket","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Res. Pediatr. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.TM118.004156","article-title":"Proteases: history, discovery, and roles in health and disease","volume":"294","author":"Bond","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178943","article-title":"Differential stability of therapeutic peptides with different proteolytic cleavage sites in blood, plasma and serum","volume":"12","author":"Bottger","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-016-0499-8","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of albiglutide","volume":"56","author":"Bronden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.4155\/tde.13.104","article-title":"Basics and recent advances in peptide and protein drug delivery","volume":"4","author":"Bruno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ther. Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmpk.2018.11.001","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of protein and peptide conjugates","volume":"34","author":"Bumbaca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Metabol. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0403-9","article-title":"Recent advancements in the use of exosomes as drug delivery systems","volume":"16","author":"Bunggulawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09924.x","article-title":"Structural and functional changes in proteins induced by free radical-mediated oxidative stress and protective action of the antioxidants n-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone and vitamin e","volume":"854","author":"Butterfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.3390\/v12111210","article-title":"Neutralizing antibodies targeting hiv-1 gp41","volume":"12","author":"Caillat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(03)00108-X","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-protein conjugates","volume":"55","author":"Caliceti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1021\/ja972051a","article-title":"Mechanism of 2,5-dioxopiperazine formation","volume":"120","author":"Capasso","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib24","series-title":"National Diabetes Statistics Report - Estimates of Diabetes and its Burden in the united states","first-page":"1","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23906","article-title":"Thiol-disulfide exchange in peptides derived from human growth hormone","volume":"103","author":"Chandrasekhar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30058-2","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes","volume":"389","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2174\/156800911794519752","article-title":"Bortezomib as the first proteasome inhibitor anticancer drug: current status and future perspectives","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livres.2020.05.001","article-title":"Up to date on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (cyp7a1) in bile acid synthesis","volume":"4","author":"Chiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2949","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.REV118.005604","article-title":"Allosteric disulfides: sophisticated molecular structures enabling flexible protein regulation","volume":"294","author":"Chiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.64","volume":"49","author":"Comi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4807","article-title":"Post-translational control of protein function by disulfide bond cleavage","volume":"18","author":"Cook","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antioxidants Redox Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1159\/000371418","article-title":"Ige-mediated allergic reactions after the first administration of glatiramer acetate in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"165","author":"Corominas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218837","article-title":"Identification and characterization of compounds from chrysosporium multifidum, a fungus with moderate antimicrobial activity isolated from hermetia illucens gut microbiota","volume":"14","author":"Correa","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13078","article-title":"Efficacy and pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous exendin (9-39) in patients with post-bariatric hypoglycaemia","volume":"20","author":"Craig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.12055","article-title":"The future of peptide-based drugs","volume":"81","author":"Craik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Drug Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2015.1073711","article-title":"Extended release, 6-month formulations of leuprolide acetate for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer: achieving testosterone levels below 20 ng\/dl","volume":"11","author":"Crawford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Drug Metabol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2018.1454428","article-title":"Protease inhibitor therapy for hepatitis c virus-infection","volume":"19","author":"De Leuw","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib38","first-page":"10244","article-title":"Natural gum reduced\/stabilized gold nanoparticles for drug delivery formulations","volume":"14","author":"Dhar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. (Easton)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-014-9687-3","article-title":"Strategic approaches to optimizing peptide adme properties","volume":"17","author":"Di","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1667\/RADE-20-00120.1","article-title":"Cutaneous radiation injuries: models, assessment and treatments","volume":"194","author":"DiCarlo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(11)70025-0","article-title":"Insulin pump therapy in adults","volume":"93","author":"Didangelos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2987","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24162987","article-title":"Replacement of l-amino acids by d-amino acids in the antimicrobial peptide ranalexin and its consequences for antimicrobial activity and biodistribution","volume":"24","author":"Domhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070727","article-title":"Overview of extracellular vesicles, their origin, composition, purpose, and methods for exosome isolation and analysis","volume":"8","author":"Doyle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0282(2001)60:1<45::AID-BIP1003>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Designing cell-permeant phosphopeptides to modulate intracellular signaling pathways","volume":"60","author":"Dunican","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biopolymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2009.139","article-title":"Complement and its role in innate and adaptive immune responses","volume":"20","author":"Dunkelberger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/107424840200700308","article-title":"Nesiritide: a new drug for the treatment of decompensated heart failure","volume":"7","author":"Elkayam","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Therapeut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-019-09893-8","article-title":"Protease inhibitors, saquinavir and darunavir, inhibit oligodendrocyte maturation: implications for lysosomal stress","volume":"16","author":"Festa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509358088","article-title":"Continuous long-term immunomodulatory therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis: results from the 15-year analysis of the us prospective open-label study of glatiramer acetate","volume":"16","author":"Ford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.10.003","article-title":"Peptide therapeutics: current status and future directions","volume":"20","author":"Fosgerau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67291-6","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of an implantable leuprolide delivery system in patients with advanced prostate cancer","volume":"164","author":"Fowler","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-014-9681-9","article-title":"Early engineering approaches to improve peptide developability and manufacturability","volume":"17","author":"Furman","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10708.x","article-title":"New treatment paradigm for prostate cancer: abarelix initiation therapy for immediate testosterone suppression followed by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist","volume":"110","author":"Garnick","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0499-6","article-title":"A review of the long-term efficacy, tolerability, and safety of exenatide once weekly for type 2 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Genovese","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3185","DOI":"10.2174\/138161210793292555","article-title":"Chemical modifications designed to improve peptide stability: incorporation of non-natural amino acids, pseudo-peptide bonds, and cyclization","volume":"16","author":"Gentilucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Pharmaceut. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.318","article-title":"The effect of a connexin43-based peptide on the healing of chronic venous leg ulcers: a multicenter, randomized trial","volume":"135","author":"Ghatnekar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.2217\/17460751.4.2.205","article-title":"Connexin43 carboxyl-terminal peptides reduce scar progenitor and promote regenerative healing following skin wounding","volume":"4","author":"Ghatnekar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/circoutcomes.10.suppl_3.207","article-title":"Abstract 207: burden of cardiovascular disease (cvd) on economic cost. Comparison of outcomes in us and europe","volume":"10","author":"Giedrimiene","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.1.106","article-title":"Expression in escherichia coli of chemically synthesized genes for human insulin","volume":"76","author":"Goeddel","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M110.001917","article-title":"Naturally occurring human urinary peptides for use in diagnosis of chronic kidney disease","volume":"9","author":"Good","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.04.073","article-title":"Effects of nesiritide and predictors of urine output in acute decompensated heart failure: results from ascend-hf (acute study of clinical effectiveness of nesiritide and decompensated heart failure)","volume":"62","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-011-9198-0","article-title":"Intermittent drug dosing intervals guided by the operational multiple dosing half lives for predictable plasma accumulation and fluctuation","volume":"38","author":"Grover","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-018-0668-z","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and clinical implications of semaglutide: a new glucagon-like peptide (glp)-1 receptor agonist","volume":"57","author":"Hall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2019.20.5.1475","article-title":"Clinical studies investigating the use of leuprorelin in breast cancer patients from asia","volume":"20","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. APJCP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.3109\/03602532.2015.1101131","article-title":"Impact of physiological, pathological and environmental factors on the expression and activity of human cytochrome p450 2d6 and implications in precision medicine","volume":"47","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa015","article-title":"The evolution of insulin and how it informs therapy and treatment choices","volume":"41","author":"Hirsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.8.7.1063","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of nesiritide (recombinant b-type natriuretic peptide) in the treatment of heart failure","volume":"8","author":"Hobbs","year":"1999","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Invest. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5686","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-08-0737","article-title":"Zonula occludens-1 alters connexin43 gap junction size and organization by influencing channel accretion","volume":"16","author":"Hunter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2016.09.015","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of the cytochrome p450 2c family: impacts of amino acid variations on drug metabolism","volume":"22","author":"Isvoran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-020-00770-9","article-title":"Best practices and tools for titrating basal insulins: expert opinion from an indian panel via the modified delphi consensus method","volume":"11","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(83)90019-7","article-title":"Human insulin--medical progress?","volume":"32","author":"Johansen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib71","first-page":"73","article-title":"N-terminal acetylation protects glucagon-like peptide glp-1-(7-34)-amide from dpp-iv-mediated degradation retaining camp- and insulin-releasing capacity","volume":"13","author":"John","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.04.003","article-title":"Cell entry of cell penetrating peptides: tales of tails wagging dogs","volume":"161","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0362-1","article-title":"Gold nanoparticles stabilize peptide-drug-conjugates for sustained targeted drug delivery to cancer cells","volume":"16","author":"Kalimuthu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(11)70007-9","article-title":"The story of insulin discovery","volume":"93","author":"Karamitsos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2013.46.12.106","article-title":"Novel aglp-1 albumin fusion protein as a long-lasting agent for type 2 diabetes","volume":"46","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMB Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-016-0772-0","article-title":"A review of insulin-dosing formulas for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (csii) for adults with type 1 diabetes","volume":"16","author":"King","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2020.108335","article-title":"Micronuclei, inflammation and auto-immune disease","volume":"786","author":"Kirsch-Volders","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2019.06.007","article-title":"Physiological and pathological roles of kallikrein-related peptidases in the epidermis","volume":"95","author":"Kishibe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8942","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.1c00257","article-title":"Molecular engineering of insulin icodec, the first acylated insulin analog for once-weekly administration in humans","volume":"64","author":"Kjeldsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6288","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200902672","article-title":"Poly(ethylene glycol) in drug delivery: pros and cons as well as potential alternatives","volume":"49","author":"Knop","year":"2010","journal-title":"Angew Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.022","article-title":"Iron and redox cycling. Do's and don'ts","volume":"133","author":"Koppenol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.200600060","article-title":"Synthesis and hydrolysis behaviour of poly(ester anhydrides) from polylactone precursors containing alkenyl moieties","volume":"6","author":"Korhonen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2021.05.005","article-title":"Commemorating insulin's centennial: engineering insulin pharmacology towards physiology","volume":"42","author":"Kurtzhals","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041980","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy under oncologic therapies: a literature review on pathogenetic mechanisms","volume":"22","author":"Laforgia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2017.06.052","article-title":"Therapeutic peptides: historical perspectives, current development trends, and future directions","volume":"26","author":"Lau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50607","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C200578200","article-title":"Acetylation of p53 inhibits its ubiquitination by mdm2","volume":"277","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24238","article-title":"Evaluation of pegylated exendin-4 released from poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres for antidiabetic therapy","volume":"104","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30433","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R800035200","article-title":"Proteases: multifunctional enzymes in life and disease","volume":"283","author":"Lopez-Otin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3661-8_7","article-title":"A humanized mouse model to study human albumin and albumin conjugates pharmacokinetics","volume":"1438","author":"Low","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00592","article-title":"C1 complex: an adaptable proteolytic module for complement and non-complement functions","volume":"8","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1080\/02652048.2021.1876175","article-title":"Bortezomib-loaded lipidic-nano drug delivery systems; formulation, therapeutic efficacy, and pharmacokinetics","volume":"38","author":"Mahmoudian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Microencapsul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-008-9730-0","article-title":"Transcorneal permeation of l- and d-aspartate ester prodrugs of acyclovir: delineation of passive diffusion versus transporter involvement","volume":"26","author":"Majumdar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharm. Res. (N. Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679-45082013000300022","article-title":"Decompensated heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Mangini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Einstein (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-017-0328-x","article-title":"Evaluation of the use of therapeutic peptides for cancer treatment","volume":"24","author":"Marqus","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3011.1993.tb00340.x","article-title":"Spontaneous degradation via diketopiperazine formation of peptides containing a tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid residue in the 2-position of the peptide sequence","volume":"41","author":"Marsden","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Pept. Protein Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.62213","article-title":"Novel protocols for scalable production of high quality purified small extracellular vesicles from bovine milk","volume":"5","author":"Marsh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotheranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib97","first-page":"52","article-title":"Peptidic connexin43 therapeutics in cardiac reparative medicine","volume":"8","author":"Marsh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-013-0037-8","article-title":"Using exenatide twice daily or insulin in clinical practice: results from choice","volume":"4","author":"Mathieu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-013-0172-6","article-title":"Exenatide twice daily: a review of its use in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"74","author":"McCormack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib100","first-page":"263","article-title":"Basic review of the cytochrome p450 system","volume":"4","author":"McDonnell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Adv. Pract. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.26858","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review","volume":"325","author":"McGinley","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2008.06.002","article-title":"Discovering and improving novel peptide therapeutics","volume":"8","author":"McGregor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e328331d3d0","article-title":"Novel drug classes: entry inhibitors [enfuvirtide, chemokine (c-c motif) receptor 5 antagonists]","volume":"4","author":"McKinnell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. HIV AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.140","article-title":"Glp-1 receptor agonists for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Meier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2020.0007","article-title":"Effectiveness of puberty suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in transgender youth","volume":"6","author":"Mejia-Otero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transgend. Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26040794","article-title":"Diketopiperazine-based, flexible tadalafil analogues: synthesis, crystal structures and biological activity profile","volume":"26","author":"Mieczkowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s40089-014-0094-7","article-title":"Nanomedicine and drug delivery: a mini review","volume":"4","author":"Mirza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Nano Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11071030","article-title":"Impact of ros generated by chemical, physical, and plasma techniques on cancer attenuation","volume":"11","author":"Mitra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.5.10.2171","article-title":"Abarelix: the first gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist for the treatment of prostate cancer","volume":"5","author":"Mongiat-Artus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19061778","article-title":"Connexin 43-based therapeutics for dermal wound healing","volume":"19","author":"Montgomery","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001881R","article-title":"The connexin 43 carboxyl terminal mimetic peptide alphact1 prompts differentiation of a collagen scar matrix in humans resembling unwounded skin","volume":"35","author":"Montgomery","year":"2021","journal-title":"Faseb. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1017\/S143192761201389X","article-title":"Characterization of polymeric microcapsules containing a low molecular weight peptide for controlled release","volume":"19","author":"Moore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microsc. Microanal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18263","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.30.18263","article-title":"The involvement of protein phosphatases in the activation of ice\/ced-3 protease, intracellular acidification, DNA digestion, and apoptosis","volume":"271","author":"Morana","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1021\/ar800021q","article-title":"Isomerization reactions on single adsorbed molecules","volume":"42","author":"Morgenstern","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib115","first-page":"22","article-title":"Utility of lhrh antagonists for advanced prostate cancer","volume":"21","author":"Moul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib116","first-page":"306179","article-title":"A quantitative method to monitor reactive oxygen species production by electron paramagnetic resonance in physiological and pathological conditions","author":"Mrakic-Sposta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12650","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M700820200","article-title":"Improved pharmacokinetics of recombinant bispecific antibody molecules by fusion to human serum albumin","volume":"282","author":"Muller","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v23.i4.10","article-title":"Functional polymeric nanoparticles: an efficient and promising tool for active delivery of bioactives","volume":"23","author":"Nahar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.9536","article-title":"Diabetes: advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"314","author":"Nathan","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00113-3","article-title":"Treatment of type 2 diabetes: challenges, hopes, and anticipated successes","volume":"9","author":"Nauck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11203-7","article-title":"Clinical importance of the cytochromes p450","volume":"360","author":"Nebert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.2174\/0929866525666171206114913","article-title":"Development of a substrate identification method for human scp1 phosphatase using phosphorylation mimic phage display","volume":"25","author":"Otsubo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Protein Pept. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.02.010","article-title":"Peg conjugates in clinical development or use as anticancer agents: an overview","volume":"61","author":"Pasut","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0392-8","article-title":"Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects","volume":"16","author":"Patra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200241070-00003","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of depot leuprorelin","volume":"41","author":"Periti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0007","article-title":"Economic costs of diabetes in the u.s. In 2017","volume":"41","author":"Petersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-014-0446-0","article-title":"Free radicals: properties, sources, targets, and their implication in various diseases","volume":"30","author":"Phaniendra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-015-0201-1","article-title":"Primary immunodeficiency diseases: an update on the classification from the international union of immunological societies expert committee for primary immunodeficiency 2015","volume":"35","author":"Picard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-014-0228-2","article-title":"Albiglutide: first global approval","volume":"74","author":"Poole","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311655","article-title":"Roles of coagulation proteases and pars (protease-activated receptors) in mouse models of inflammatory diseases","volume":"39","author":"Posma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018953309913","article-title":"Peptide stability in drug development. Ii. Effect of single amino acid substitution and glycosylation on peptide reactivity in human serum","volume":"10","author":"Powell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharm. Res. (N. Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1111","article-title":"Human and mouse proteases: a comparative genomic approach","volume":"4","author":"Puente","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib133","first-page":"147","article-title":"Effectiveness of treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes with single dose of mixture of three kinds of insulin, employing semisynthetic human insulin","volume":"15","author":"Quatraro","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabete Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2011.08.006","article-title":"Monolayer coated gold nanoparticles for delivery applications","volume":"64","author":"Rana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib135","first-page":"29","article-title":"Human insulin","volume":"3","author":"Raptis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1701.01079","article-title":"Structure-based virtual screening of protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors: significance, challenges, and solutions","volume":"27","author":"Reddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib137","first-page":"1","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of three times weekly dosing regimen of glatiramer acetate in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients: seven-year results of the glatiramer acetate low-frequency administration (gala) open-label extension study","volume":"7","author":"Rieckmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J. Exp. Transl. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.110191","article-title":"Development of plga nanoparticles for sustained release of a connexin43 mimetic peptide to target glioblastoma cells","volume":"108","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5283","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082102799","article-title":"Protein deamidation","volume":"99","author":"Robinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680800200316","article-title":"Duros technology delivers peptides and proteins at consistent rate continuously for 3 to 12 months","volume":"2","author":"Rohloff","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2022.01.008","article-title":"Managing relapsed mantle cell lymphoma","author":"Romancik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26040844","article-title":"Green silver and gold nanoparticles: biological synthesis approaches and potentials for biomedical applications","volume":"26","author":"Ronavari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2015.1008345","article-title":"Albumin-deficient mouse models for studying metabolism of human albumin and pharmacokinetics of albumin-based drugs","volume":"7","author":"Roopenian","year":"2015","journal-title":"mAbs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-021-01020-x","article-title":"Overactive bladder prescribing considerations: the role of polypharmacy, anticholinergic burden, and cyp2d6 drugdrug interactions","volume":"41","author":"Rutman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0459-9","article-title":"The emerging role of exosomes in mental disorders","volume":"9","author":"Saeedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-008-9787-9","article-title":"The operational multiple dosing half-life: a key to defining drug accumulation in patients and to designing extended release dosage forms","volume":"25","author":"Sahin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharm. Res. (N. Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib147","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chemoprevention agents to reduce mammographic breast density in premenopausal women: a systematic review of clinical trials","volume":"5","author":"Salazar","year":"2021","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib148","first-page":"100991","article-title":"Toxicity of gold nanoparticles (aunps): a review","volume":"26","author":"Sani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2006.10.002","article-title":"Therapeutic peptides: technological advances driving peptides into development","volume":"17","author":"Sato","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.3.155","article-title":"Immunogenicity and allergenic potential of animal and human insulins","volume":"16","author":"Schernthaner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2021.1918673","article-title":"Risk of invasive fungal infections among patients treated with disease modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review","author":"Scotto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib152","first-page":"148","article-title":"Pharmacological interactions of monoclonal antibodies","volume":"151","author":"Serra Lopez-Matencio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2021.1868434","article-title":"Developing dmd therapeutics: a review of the effectiveness of small molecules, stop-codon readthrough, dystrophin gene replacement, and exon-skipping therapies","volume":"30","author":"Sheikh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Invest. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0320021","article-title":"Proteases of the complement system","volume":"32","author":"Sim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2008.12.004","article-title":"Nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery","volume":"86","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3106","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202100397","article-title":"Amino acid and peptide-based antiviral agents","volume":"16","author":"Skwarecki","year":"2021","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00969","article-title":"Relevance of half-life in drug design","volume":"61","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13891","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the relationship between testosterone and prostate specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer during treatment with leuprorelin","volume":"85","author":"Snelder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2008.08.011","article-title":"The propensity for deamidation and transamidation of peptides by transglutaminase 2 is dependent on substrate affinity and reaction conditions","volume":"1784","author":"Stamnaes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib160","series-title":"Leuprolide, Statpearls","author":"Swayzer","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180508095242","article-title":"Inhibitors of serine\/threonine protein phosphatases: biochemical and structural studies provide insight for further development","volume":"26","author":"Swingle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2169","article-title":"A 24-year enzyme replacement therapy in an adenosine-deaminase-deficient patient","volume":"137","author":"Tartibi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2011.12.005","article-title":"Role of lipids in the interaction of antimicrobial peptides with membranes","volume":"51","author":"Teixeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.309681","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in angiogenesis","volume":"120","author":"Todorova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.06.005","article-title":"Tissue-targeted complement therapeutics","volume":"102","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2018.04.007","article-title":"Cytochrome p450 in pharmacogenetics: an update","volume":"83","author":"Tornio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2004.00600.x","article-title":"Plasma terminal half-life","volume":"27","author":"Toutain","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therapeut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018821997320","article-title":"Glp-1 receptor agonists: an updated review of head-to-head clinical studies","volume":"12","author":"Trujillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14838","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200581200","article-title":"Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase","volume":"277","author":"Vickers","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60692-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013","volume":"386","author":"Vos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1029","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007035","article-title":"The prevalence of ms in the United States: a population-based estimate using health claims data","volume":"92","author":"Wallin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-005-0289-3","article-title":"Strategies to improve plasma half life time of peptide and protein drugs","volume":"30","author":"Werle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2010.05.008","article-title":"Pharmacological profile of lixisenatide: a new glp-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"164","author":"Werner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(98)00044-5","article-title":"Amidated and non-amidated glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1): non-pancreatic effects (cephalic phase acid secretion) and stability in plasma in humans","volume":"77","author":"Wettergren","year":"1998","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2174\/1871529X16666160614015533","article-title":"Antioxidants in the practice of medicine; what should the clinician know?","volume":"16","author":"Whayne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Hematol. Disord.: Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-020-01633-w","article-title":"Therapeutic approaches in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: past, present, and future","volume":"109","author":"Wintrich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4991","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.9b00132","article-title":"Discovery of potent, selective, and short-acting peptidic v2 receptor agonists","volume":"62","author":"Wisniewski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/4.3.283","article-title":"Sequence and structure determinants of the nonenzymatic deamidation of asparagine and glutamine residues in proteins","volume":"4","author":"Wright","year":"1991","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-010-9199-8","article-title":"Critical variables associated with nonbiodegradable osmotically controlled implants","volume":"12","author":"Wright","year":"2010","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.2174\/0929866525666180530122835","article-title":"Optimization of protein and peptide drugs based on the mechanisms of kidney clearance","volume":"25","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Protein Pept. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib181","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enduring clinical value of copaxone(r) (glatiramer acetate) in multiple sclerosis after 20 years of use","author":"Wynn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2017.1364326","article-title":"A quadrupole dalton-based multi-attribute method for product characterization, process development, and quality control of therapeutic proteins","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"mAbs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201000027","article-title":"Mass spectrometric analysis of asparagine deamidation and aspartate isomerization in polypeptides","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2272-7_3","article-title":"Getting across the cell membrane: an overview for small molecules, peptides, and proteins","volume":"1266","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00069a019","article-title":"Characterization of the thiol\/disulfide chemistry of neurohypophyseal peptide hormones by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"65","author":"Yeo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00813748","article-title":"D-amino acids in chronic renal failure and the effects of dialysis and urinary losses","volume":"6","author":"Young","year":"1994","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.07.011","article-title":"Macrophage exosomes as natural nanocarriers for protein delivery to inflamed brain","volume":"142","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.02.016","article-title":"Current strategies in extending half-lives of therapeutic proteins","volume":"301","author":"Zaman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-8104-5_1","article-title":"Overview of histone modification","volume":"1283","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-416618-9.00018-2","article-title":"Real-time assessment of the metabolic profile of living cells with genetically encoded nadh sensors","volume":"542","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299922004538?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299922004538?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T04:19:13Z","timestamp":1762143553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299922004538"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":190,"alternative-id":["S0014299922004538"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In vivo degradation forms, anti-degradation strategies, and clinical applications of therapeutic peptides in non-infectious chronic diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175192","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"175192"}}