{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T16:25:27Z","timestamp":1787934327197,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T03:50:25Z","timestamp":1674618625000},"page":"175546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Curcumol suppresses endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via inhibiting the AKT\/GSK3\u03b2 signaling pathway and alleviates pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"943","author":[{"given":"Xinran","family":"Nie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuhua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2653-1307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2006.02.007","article-title":"Differential responses of pulmonary endothelial phenotypes to cyclical stretch","volume":"71","author":"Adkison","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22042144","article-title":"mTOR signaling in pulmonary vascular disease: pathogenic role and therapeutic target","volume":"22","author":"Babicheva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2013.11.007","article-title":"Curcumol exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by interfering with the JNK-mediated AP-1 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 cells","volume":"723","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S310481","article-title":"Exploration of the effect and mechanism of Fructus Lycii, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, and Paeonia lactiflora in the treatment of AMD based on network pharmacology and in vitro experimental verification","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15000","article-title":"Tetramethylpyrazine: a promising drug for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"177","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00294","article-title":"Endothelial to mesenchymal transition represents a Key link in the interaction between inflammation and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"9","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98925-6","article-title":"Network pharmacology-based investigation of potential targets of astragalus membranaceous-angelica sinensis compound acting on diabetic nephropathy","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21138","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160921138","article-title":"PI3K and AKT: Unfaithful Partners in cancer","volume":"16","author":"Faes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01074-15","article-title":"A switch in Akt isoforms is required for notch-induced Snail1 expression and protection from cell death","volume":"36","author":"Frias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000021432.70309.28","article-title":"Mature vascular endothelium can give rise to smooth muscle cells via endothelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation: in vitro analysis","volume":"90","author":"Frid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2020.1795832","article-title":"Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"14","author":"Gaikwad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expet Rev. Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv317","volume":"37","author":"Galie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118696","article-title":"Curcumol inhibits KLF5-dependent angiogenesis by blocking the ROS\/ERK signaling in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"264","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.03.019","article-title":"Endothelial to mesenchymal transition contributes to endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"185","author":"Good","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2020.8169","article-title":"Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal transition in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"34","author":"Gorelova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants Redox Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2018.07.005","article-title":"EndMT: a promising and controversial field","volume":"97","author":"Hong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1007-1110","article-title":"Network pharmacology","volume":"25","author":"Hopkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21719","article-title":"Curcumol improves cisplatin sensitivity of human gastric cancer cells through inhibiting PI3K\/AKT pathway","volume":"81","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz308","article-title":"Chronic inflammation within the vascular wall in pulmonary arterial hypertension: more than a spectator","volume":"116","author":"Huertas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2018-0231OC","article-title":"Endothelial-mesenchymal transition drives expression of CD44 variant and xCT in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"61","author":"Isobe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61413-5","article-title":"Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death","volume":"380","author":"John","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2016_90","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension","volume":"956","author":"Konukoglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1009.2013.00110","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology: theory, methodology and application","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib25","article-title":"Curcumol targeting PAX8 inhibits ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion and increases chemotherapy sensitivity of niraparib","volume":"2022","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S319786","article-title":"Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to discover the potential pharmacological mechanism of Huai Hua San against Ulcerative colitis","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202012-4317SO","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension: diagnosis, treatment, and novel advances","volume":"203","author":"Maron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/2040-2384-1-2","article-title":"Akt promotes endocardial-mesenchyme transition","volume":"1","author":"Meadows","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Angiogenes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000124300.76171.C9","article-title":"Notch activation results in phenotypic and functional changes consistent with endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation","volume":"94","author":"Noseda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2016.09.002","article-title":"Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition: cytokine-mediated pathways that determine endothelial fibrosis under inflammatory conditions","volume":"33","author":"Perez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008750","article-title":"Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"131","author":"Ranchoux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-10-95","article-title":"Endothelial cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension: apoptosis, proliferation, interaction and transdifferentiation","volume":"10","author":"Sakao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2011.87","article-title":"Mechanisms of disease: pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"8","author":"Schermuly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2021.8197","article-title":"Curcumol inhibits the malignant progression of prostate cancer and regulates the PDK1\/AKT\/mTOR pathway by targeting miR9","volume":"46","author":"Sheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124271","article-title":"EMT and EndMT: emerging roles in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"21","author":"Shu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.933762","article-title":"Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines predict survival in idiopathic and familial pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"122","author":"Soon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L118","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00296.2017","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"314","author":"Suzuki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111081","article-title":"Characteristics of inflammation process in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats","volume":"133","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j5492","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j5492","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis and clinical management","volume":"360","author":"Thenappan","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-5438","article-title":"Curcumol enhances the anti-tumor effects of metformin via suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.06.037","article-title":"Curcumol induces cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells via reactive oxygen species and Akt\/GSK3beta\/cyclin D1 pathway","volume":"210","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0496-y","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mediates the protective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition on pulmonary hypertension","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2019.06.004","article-title":"bFGF overexpression adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells improved the survival of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells via PI3k\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.34716","article-title":"Curcumol: from plant roots to cancer roots","volume":"15","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111056","article-title":"Protective effects of dioscin on vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension via adjusting GRB2\/ERK\/PI3K-AKT signal","volume":"133","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib49","first-page":"270","article-title":"Hypoxia induces endothelialmesenchymal transition in pulmonary vascular remodeling","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4077","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26195","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein-7 inhibits endothelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary artery endothelial cell under hypoxia","volume":"233","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.12.010","article-title":"Danshensu prevents hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats by inhibiting the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via TGF-beta-smad3-associated pathway","volume":"820","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2019.04.001","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of ursolic acid from Bushen Yijing Formula on TGF-beta1-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell fibrosis via AKT\/mTOR signaling and Snail gene","volume":"140","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.663551","article-title":"Luteolin ameliorates experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension via suppressing hippo-YAP\/PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Zuo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299923000572?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299923000572?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T04:21:44Z","timestamp":1762143704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299923000572"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0014299923000572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Curcumol suppresses endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via inhibiting the AKT\/GSK3\u03b2 signaling pathway and alleviates pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175546","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"175546"}}