{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:16:47Z","timestamp":1792819007878,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017634","name":"Henan University of Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSBSJJ2020-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSBSJJ2020-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011349","name":"University of Texas at El Paso","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFC1708800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC1708800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009101","name":"Education Department of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009101","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T11:48:20Z","timestamp":1746445700000},"page":"177701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Salvianolic acid B attenuates hypercholesterolemia via modulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"999","author":[{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingxian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingpu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoke","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weisheng","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.10598","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rb1, salvianolic acid B and their combination modulate gut microbiota and improve glucolipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced Obese mice","volume":"9","author":"Bai","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-022-01013-x","article-title":"The role of Non-statin lipid-lowering medications in youth with hypercholesterolemia","volume":"24","author":"Butt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr atheroscler rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.12.047","article-title":"Aromatic amino acids promote lipid metabolism disorders by increasing hepatic bile acid synthesis","volume":"154","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.316389","article-title":"Hypercholesterolemia impairs clearance of neutrophil extracellular traps and promotes inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque progression","volume":"41","author":"Dhawan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arterioscl throm vas."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib5","article-title":"Polymethoxyflavones in citrus extract has a beneficial effect on hypercholesterolemia rats by promoting liver cholesterol metabolism","volume":"322","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2022.2112945","article-title":"Colesevelam - a bile acid sequestrant for treating hypercholesterolemia and improving hyperglycemia","volume":"23","author":"Esan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert opin pharmaco"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22137163","article-title":"Muricholic acids promote resistance to hypercholesterolemia in cholesterol-fed mice","volume":"22","author":"Gaillard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib8","article-title":"Astrocytic glycogen mobilization participates in salvianolic acid B-mediated neuroprotection against reperfusion injury after ischemic stroke","volume":"349","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2174\/1871529X18666180302113713","article-title":"Cholesterol homeostasis and liver X receptor (LXR) in atherosclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Hematol. Disord.: Drug Targets"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12896-x","article-title":"Theabrownin from Pu-erh tea attenuates hypercholesterolemia via modulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib11","article-title":"Salvia-nelumbinis naturalis extract protects mice against MCD diet-induced steatohepatitis via activation of colonic FXR-FGF15 pathway","volume":"139","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24107","article-title":"Overexpression of cholesterol 7\u03b1-hydroxylase promotes hepatic bile acid synthesis and secretion and maintains cholesterol homeostasis","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7299","DOI":"10.1039\/C9FO01616C","article-title":"Lactoferrin promotes bile acid metabolism and reduces hepatic cholesterol deposition by inhibiting the farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-Mediated enterohepatic axis","volume":"10","author":"Ling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food funct."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib14","article-title":"Geniposide reduces cholesterol accumulation and increases its excretion by regulating the FXR-Mediated liver-gut crosstalk of bile acids","volume":"152","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8440","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c02662","article-title":"Novel metabolic regulation of bile acid responses to low cholesterol in whole-grain-diet-fed mice","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J agr food chem"},{"issue":"null","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib16","article-title":"Ferulic acid attenuates high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia by activating classic bile acid synthesis pathway","volume":"9","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2183690","article-title":"Cholestasis impairs gut microbiota development and bile salt hydrolase activity in preterm neonates","volume":"15","author":"Lynch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib18","article-title":"Salvia miltiorrhiza and tanshinone IIA reduce endothelial inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation through inhibiting COX-2","volume":"167","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"8000","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06990-w","article-title":"Bile salt hydrolase catalyses formation of amine-conjugated bile acids","volume":"626","author":"Rimal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02575-4","article-title":"Salvianolic acid-B improves fat graft survival by promoting proliferation and adipogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-068915","article-title":"Adverse drug reactions of Non-statin antihyperlipidaemic drugs in China from 1989 to 2019: a national database analysis","volume":"13","author":"Tsui","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-022-00662-8","article-title":"L-Arabinose improves hypercholesterolemia via regulating bile acid metabolism in high-fat-high-sucrose diet-fed mice","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.1949095","article-title":"Effect of different bile acids on the intestine through enterohepatic circulation based on FXR","volume":"13","author":"Xiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12194","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO02079C","article-title":"Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera alleviate hypercholesterolemia via modulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food funct"},{"issue":"48","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13307","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b06034","article-title":"Oral administration of succinoglycan riclin improves diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in mice","volume":"67","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J agr food chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167157","article-title":"Idebenone ameliorates statin-induced myotoxicity in atherosclerotic ApoE-\/- mice by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function","volume":"1870","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bba-mol basis dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO02554A","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 modulates bile acid enterohepatic circulation and increases lead excretion in mice","volume":"10","author":"Zhai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food funct"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010004","article-title":"Modulation of bile acid metabolism to improve plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7723","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c00952","article-title":"Dietary isoquercetin reduces hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride in NAFLD mice by modulating bile acid metabolism via intestinal FXR-FGF15 signaling","volume":"71","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J agr food chem"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib32","article-title":"Salvianolic acid B inhibits atherosclerosis and TNF-\u03b1-induced inflammation by regulating NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 signaling pathway","volume":"119","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701_bib33","article-title":"Lysimachia christinae polysaccharide attenuates diet-induced hyperlipidemia via modulating gut microbes-mediated FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway","volume":"248","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299925004558?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299925004558?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T04:32:26Z","timestamp":1762144346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299925004558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0014299925004558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Salvianolic acid B attenuates hypercholesterolemia via modulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177701","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"177701"}}