{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:14:51Z","timestamp":1791414891929,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:40:57Z","timestamp":1760661657000},"page":"178265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The gut microbe Bacteroides acidifaciens ameliorates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1007","author":[{"given":"Fangyu","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjian","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yabing","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufan","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiying","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangke","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juping","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-052016-100322","article-title":"The role of cancer-associated fibroblasts and fibrosis in liver cancer","volume":"12","author":"Affo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.10.003","article-title":"The gut-liver axis in liver disease: pathophysiological basis for therapy","volume":"72","author":"Albillos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2017.24.5.11","article-title":"Sample size calculation in animal studies using resource equation approach","volume":"24","author":"Arifin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malays. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102507","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in hepatic stellate cell activation during liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis","volume":"20","author":"Barcena-Varela","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20422-7","article-title":"Gut microbiota impact on the peripheral immune response in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Behary","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpge.2016.01.004","article-title":"Microbiota modulation with synbiotic decreases liver fibrosis in a high fat choline deficient diet mice model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)","volume":"23","author":"Cortez-Pinto","year":"2016","journal-title":"GE Port. J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219898141","article-title":"Mechanisms of liver fibrosis and its role in liver cancer","volume":"245","author":"Dhar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59535-w","article-title":"A microbial signature identifies advanced fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease mainly due to NAFLD","volume":"10","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137379","article-title":"The role of short chain fatty acids in inflammation and body health","volume":"25","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0359-2","article-title":"Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease","volume":"5","author":"Dubinkina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16152454","article-title":"Effect of supplementation of a butyrate-based formula in individuals with liver steatosis and metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"16","author":"Fogacci","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16111642","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of natural products on liver cancer and their potential mechanisms","volume":"16","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2023.113521","article-title":"GL-V9 ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-beta\/smad pathway","volume":"425","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05855-4","article-title":"Tolerance of repeated toxic injuries of murine livers is associated with steatosis and inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Hammad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176356","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids and their association with signalling pathways in inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism","volume":"21","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115279","article-title":"Advanced effect of curcumin and resveratrol on mitigating hepatic steatosis in metabolic associated fatty liver disease via the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR and HIF-1\/VEGF cascade","volume":"165","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112361","article-title":"Phillygenin inhibits LPS-induced activation and inflammation of LX2 cells by TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"248","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.028","article-title":"GL-V9 exerts anti-T cell malignancies effects via promoting lysosome-dependent AKT1 degradation and activating AKT1\/FOXO3A\/BIM axis","volume":"145","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80226-6","article-title":"Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis","volume":"22","author":"Ishak","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34030","article-title":"GL-V9 induce apoptosis of CML cells via MAPK signaling pathway","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1177\/0162243917726579","article-title":"Recovering the principles of humane experimental technique: the 3Rs and the human essence of animal research","volume":"43","author":"Kirk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Hum. Val."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207619","article-title":"CC chemokines in a tumor: a review of pro-cancer and anti-cancer properties of receptors CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CCR10 ligands","volume":"21","author":"Korbecki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21218412","article-title":"CC chemokines in a tumor: a review of pro-cancer and anti-cancer properties of the ligands of receptors CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, and CCR4","volume":"21","author":"Korbecki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4982","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18754-5","article-title":"Distinct signatures of gut microbiome and metabolites associated with significant fibrosis in Non-obese NAFLD","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib25","article-title":"Ruminococcus bromii-generated acetate alleviated clonorchis sinensis-induced liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e26991","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: new prospects for short-chain fatty acids as therapeutic targets","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15768","article-title":"Amlodipine, an anti-hypertensive drug, alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota","volume":"179","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib28","article-title":"Gut microbiota and liver fibrosis: one potential biomarker for predicting liver Fibrosis","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13573","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids enhance muscle mass and function through the activation of mTOR signalling pathways in sarcopenic mice","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17101352","article-title":"GL-V9 promotes autophagy-mediated YAP1 degradation and activates mitochondrial apoptosis in PDAC cells","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05903-z","article-title":"Inhibition of TRPV4 remodels single cell polarity and suppresses the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2017.0078","article-title":"Histopathological evaluation of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis regression","volume":"23","author":"Lo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Mol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.08.002","article-title":"Gut microbiome-based metagenomic signature for non-invasive detection of advanced fibrosis in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"30","author":"Loomba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07573-5","article-title":"Inhibition of Rho GEFs attenuates pulmonary fibrosis through suppressing myofibroblast activation and reprogramming profibrotic macrophages","volume":"16","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29194774","article-title":"Synthesis and anti-liver fibrosis research of aspartic acid derivatives","volume":"29","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01014-8","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity","volume":"24","author":"Mann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107452","article-title":"Flavonoids, gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease: dynamics and interplay","volume":"209","author":"Mansour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v13.i9.1154","article-title":"Probiotics in hepatology: an update","volume":"13","author":"Maslennikov","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242216502","article-title":"Gut microbiota and bacterial translocation in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis","volume":"24","author":"Maslennikov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1444045","article-title":"Regulation of Bacteroides acidifaciens by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in IL-22-producing immune cells has sex-dependent consequential impact on colitis","volume":"15","author":"Mitchell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15040469","article-title":"The role of short-chain fatty acids in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and other metabolic diseases","volume":"15","author":"Munte","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30965","article-title":"A deactivation factor of fibrogenic hepatic stellate cells induces regression of liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"71","author":"Nakano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2018.09.002","article-title":"Liver fibrosis: pathophysiology, pathogenetic targets and clinical issues","volume":"65","author":"Parola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Aspect. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2023.101231","article-title":"Liver fibrosis in NAFLD\/NASH: from pathophysiology towards diagnostic and therapeutic strategies","volume":"95","author":"Parola","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Aspect. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib45","article-title":"The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: updated guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"4","author":"Percie du Sert","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2021.100810","article-title":"Flow cytometric characterization of tissue-resident lymphocytes after murine liver and heart transplantation","volume":"2","author":"Prosser","year":"2021","journal-title":"STAR Protoc."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040875","article-title":"Liver fibrosis: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Roehlen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2018.04.006","article-title":"Liver fibrosis: direct antifibrotic agents and targeted therapies","volume":"68\u201369","author":"Schuppan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105765","article-title":"Research progress on the anti-hepatic fibrosis action and mechanism of natural products","volume":"75","author":"Shan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.06.008","article-title":"Dietary fiber alleviates alcoholic liver injury via Bacteroides acidifaciens and subsequent ammonia detoxification","volume":"32","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2155018","article-title":"Alterations in gut microbiome and metabolomics in chronic hepatitis B infection-associated liver disease and their impact on peripheral immune response","volume":"15","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117156","article-title":"Bacteroides ovatus alleviates high-fat and high-cholesterol -induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via gut-liver axis","volume":"178","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib53","article-title":"Involvement of ceramides in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) atherosclerosis (ATS) development: mechanisms and therapeutic targets","volume":"11","author":"Tanase","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032652","article-title":"The role of PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma metabolism","volume":"24","author":"Tian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.07.013","article-title":"Salvianolic acid B blocks hepatic stellate cell activation via FGF19\/FGFR4 signaling","volume":"20","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.09.017","article-title":"Gut-liver axis: pathophysiological concepts and clinical implications","volume":"34","author":"Tilg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111087","article-title":"Cooperative action of gut-microbiota-accessible carbohydrates improves host metabolic function","volume":"40","author":"Tomioka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.10.026","article-title":"The power of plasticity-metabolic regulation of hepatic stellate cells","volume":"33","author":"Trivedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2027853","article-title":"Bacteroides acidifaciens in the gut plays a protective role against CD95-mediated liver injury","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib60","article-title":"The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut microbiota through the gut-brain axis","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.68170","article-title":"The effects and mechanisms of flavonoids on cancer prevention and therapy: focus on gut microbiota","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2021.5048","article-title":"MALAT1 promotes liver fibrosis by sponging miR-181a and activating TLR4-NF-kappaB signaling","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03664-22","article-title":"Mechanisms of qingyi decoction in severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury via gut microbiota: targeting the short-chain fatty acids-mediated AMPK\/NF-kappaB\/NLRP3 pathway","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53144-1","article-title":"Galactooligosaccharides and Limosilactobacillus reuteri synergistically alleviate gut inflammation and barrier dysfunction by enriching Bacteroides acidifaciens for pentadecanoic acid biosynthesis","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3643","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S317701","article-title":"Doxazosin attenuates liver fibrosis by inhibiting autophagy in hepatic stellate cells via activation of the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Xiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177822","article-title":"The liver-gut axis perspective: exploring the pathogenesis of fatty liver","volume":"1002","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1375640","article-title":"Small molecule GL-V9 protects against colitis-associated colorectal cancer by limiting NLRP3 inflammasome through autophagy","volume":"7","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.783886","article-title":"Dihydromyricetin reverses thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis through inhibiting NF-kappaB-Mediated inflammation and TGF-beta1-Regulated of PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26291","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.4657","article-title":"GL-V9, a new synthetic flavonoid derivative, ameliorates DSS-induced colitis against oxidative stress by up-regulating Trx-1 expression via activation of AMPK\/FOXO3a pathway","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1304232","article-title":"Bacteroides acidifaciens and its derived extracellular vesicles improve DSS-induced colitis","volume":"14","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib71","article-title":"Chlorogenic acid ameliorates post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome by regulating extracellular vesicles of gut microbes","volume":"10","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib72","article-title":"Targeted modulation of gut microbiota by traditional Chinese medicine and natural products for liver disease therapy","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25215033","article-title":"The synthetic flavonoid derivative GL-V9 induces apoptosis and autophagy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma via suppressing AKT-regulated HK2 and mTOR signals","volume":"25","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299925010192?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014299925010192?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:31:23Z","timestamp":1779323483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299925010192"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["S0014299925010192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The gut microbe Bacteroides acidifaciens ameliorates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.178265","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"178265"}}