{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T13:06:54Z","timestamp":1791032814257,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,15]],"date-time":"2011-08-15T07:31:24Z","timestamp":1313393484000},"page":"285-291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Nerve conduction studies and needle EMG in very small children"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Pitt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib1","first-page":"549","article-title":"Temperature effect on antidromic and orthodromic sensory nerve action potential latency and amplitude","volume":"68","author":"Tashjian","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(91)90049-4","article-title":"Variability of repeated nerve conduction studies","volume":"81","author":"Bleasel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-884X(96)95694-5","article-title":"A system-based study of the variation in the amplitude of the compound sensory nerve action potential recorded using surface electrodes","volume":"101","author":"Pitt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199606)19:6<689::AID-MUS1>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Large electrodes improve nerve conduction repeatability in controls as well as in patients with diabetic neuropathy","volume":"19","author":"Tjon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-980X(97)00037-4","article-title":"The influence of active electrode placement on CMAP amplitude","volume":"105","author":"Bromberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib6","first-page":"485","article-title":"The influence of wrist thickness on amplitudes of sensory nerve action potentials","volume":"39","author":"Chira-Adisai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20071","article-title":"Effect of size and pressure of surface recording electrodes on amplitude of sensory nerve action potentials","volume":"30","author":"Ven","year":"2004","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib8","first-page":"351","article-title":"The relationship between skin temperature and neuronal characteristics in the median, ulnar and radial nerves of non-impaired individuals","volume":"47","author":"Moses","year":"2007","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.04.003","article-title":"Effect of skin thickness on sensory nerve action potential amplitude","volume":"119","author":"Hasanzadeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318164aa04","article-title":"Effect of interelectrode distance on sural nerve action potential parameters","volume":"87","author":"Plastaras","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib11","first-page":"139","article-title":"Intra-examiner reliability of sensory nerve conduction measurements","volume":"108","author":"Ven","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib12","first-page":"143","article-title":"Influence of the transverse distance between surface recording electrodes and sensory nerves","volume":"108","author":"Ven","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1963.tb05519.x","article-title":"Normal conduction velocity of ulnar, median and peroneal nerves in infancy, childhood and adolescence","author":"Gamstorp","year":"1963","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib14","first-page":"235","article-title":"Conduction velocity of peripheral nerves and electromyography in infants and children","volume":"13-14","author":"Gamstorp","year":"1970","journal-title":"Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol Beih"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib15","first-page":"1332","article-title":"Motor nerve conduction velocity in normal infants and children","volume":"60","author":"Sachdev","year":"1972","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib16","first-page":"492","article-title":"F-wave conduction velocity in the central segment of the peroneal and tibial nerves","volume":"56","author":"Kimura","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib17","first-page":"487","article-title":"Sensory and mixed conduction velocity in infancy and childhood. I. Normal parameters in median, ulnar and sural nerves","volume":"18","author":"Martinez","year":"1978","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0370-4475(84)80036-2","article-title":"Normal sensory nerve conduction velocities of the median and ulnar nerves in children from birth to 15 years","volume":"14","author":"Brunon","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rev Electroencephalogr Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0370-4475(84)80041-6","article-title":"Motor nerve conduction velocity in children: normal values and application to a few pathologic cases","volume":"13","author":"Vecchierini-Blineau","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rev Electroencephalogr Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02333777","article-title":"Peripheral nerve conduction velocity in normal infants and children","volume":"10","author":"Moglia","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ital J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1972.tb02576.x","article-title":"Motor and sensory conduction in infancy and childhood: reappraisal","volume":"14","author":"Wagner","year":"1972","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.19.6.591","article-title":"The histographic analysis of human muscle biopsies with regard to fiber types. 4. Children\u2019s biopsies","volume":"19","author":"Brooke","year":"1969","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1954.tb01168.x","article-title":"Action potential parameters in normal human muscle and their physiological determinants","volume":"32","author":"Buchthal","year":"1954","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1962.00450230028004","article-title":"Motor unit potentials at different ages","volume":"6","author":"Sacco","year":"1962","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib25","first-page":"259","article-title":"Facial\" and standard concentric needle electrodes are not interchangeable","volume":"46","author":"Barkhaus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880150205","article-title":"Single fiber EMG reference values: a collaborative effort. Ad Hoc committee of the AAEM Special interest group on single fiber EMG","volume":"15","author":"Gilchrist","year":"1992","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880170720","article-title":"Single fiber EMG reference values: reformatted in tabular form. AD HOC Committee of the AAEM Single Fiber Special Interest Group","volume":"17","author":"Bromberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.53075","article-title":"Classification and diagnosis of the inherited neuropathies","volume":"12","author":"Reilly","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2011.00324.x","article-title":"Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease","volume":"16","author":"Reilly","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib30","series-title":"Neuromuscular function and disease. Basic, clinical, and electrodiagnostic aspects","first-page":"1657","article-title":"Polyneuropathies in children","author":"Pitt","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(98)00138-6","article-title":"Congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy: two patients with long-term follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Phillips","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:8:1-2:43","article-title":"Molecular genetics of autosomal-dominant demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease","volume":"8","author":"Houlden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.4.1061","article-title":"Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A with 17p duplication in infancy and early childhood: a longitudinal clinical and electrophysiologic study","volume":"50","author":"Garcia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2008.04.009","article-title":"Childhood acute and chronic immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathies","volume":"13","author":"Rabie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2005.00602.x","article-title":"Guillain-Barre syndrome in childhood","volume":"41","author":"Ryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2008.08.033","article-title":"Guillain-Barre syndrome: an update","volume":"16","author":"Vucic","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162205000940","article-title":"A neonatal diagnosis of congenital chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy","volume":"47","author":"Pearce","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib38","first-page":"190","article-title":"The role of electrodiagnostic studies in the diagnosis of hypotonia in infancy","volume":"59","author":"Renault","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Med Liege"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0987-7053(05)80427-7","article-title":"Early electromyographic signs in congenital myotonic dystrophy. A study of ten cases","volume":"21","author":"Renault","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.2.191","article-title":"Congenital myotonic dystrophy: respiratory function at birth determines survival","volume":"64","author":"Rutherford","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg278","article-title":"Severe infantile neuropathy with diaphragmatic weakness and its relationship to SMARD1","volume":"126","author":"Pitt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/ng703","article-title":"Mutations in the gene encoding immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2 cause spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1","volume":"29","author":"Grohmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162206001800","article-title":"Lower motor neuron involvement in perisylvian polymicrogyria","volume":"48","author":"Clark","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2006.00875.x","article-title":"Polioviruses and other enteroviruses isolated from faecal samples of patients with acute flaccid paralysis in Australia, 1996-2004","volume":"42","author":"Kelly","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.1140","article-title":"Literature review of the usefulness of repetitive nerve stimulation and single fiber EMG in the electrodiagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome","volume":"24","year":"2001","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.02038.x","article-title":"Neurophysiological strategies for the diagnosis of disorders of the neuromuscular junction in children","volume":"50","author":"Pitt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21424","article-title":"Jitter recordings with concentric needle electrodes","volume":"40","author":"Stalberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.06.026","article-title":"Congenital myasthenic syndromes in childhood: diagnostic and management challenges","volume":"201-202","author":"Kinali","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2010.05.022","article-title":"Congenital stridor with feeding difficulty as a presenting symptom of Dok7 congenital myasthenic syndrome","volume":"74","author":"Jephson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00266-3","article-title":"Long-term evaluation of brachial plexus surgery in obstetrical palsy 12","volume":"11","author":"Gilbert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-424X(09)70363-0","article-title":"The role of electromyography in the management of obstetric brachial plexus palsies","volume":"57","author":"Pitt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Suppl Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.04.022","article-title":"The role of electromyography in the management of the brachial plexus palsy of the newborn","volume":"116","author":"Pitt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1090379811001474?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1090379811001474?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T12:31:38Z","timestamp":1638275498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1090379811001474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1090379811001474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.07.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-3798"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-3798","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}