{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T13:43:18Z","timestamp":1784295798554,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C32\/17\/056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C32\/17\/056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejpn-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T21:11:35Z","timestamp":1598044295000},"page":"118-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Dystonia and choreoathetosis presence and severity in relation to powered wheelchair mobility performance in children and youth with dyskinetic cerebral palsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5232-0434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saranda","family":"Bekteshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1228-5261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Konings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana Gabriela","family":"Nica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9795-6484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sotirios","family":"Gakopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Aerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Hallez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elegast","family":"Monbaliu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30252-1","article-title":"Clinical presentation and management of dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"16","author":"Monbaliu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073818776175","article-title":"Dyskinetic vs spastic cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study comparing functional profiles, comorbidities, and brain imaging patterns","volume":"33","author":"Reid","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.tb12626.x","article-title":"Recommendations from the SCPE collaborative group for defining and classifying cerebral palsy","volume":"49","author":"Cans","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12846","article-title":"Clinical patterns of dystonia and choreoathetosis in participants with dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"58","author":"Monbaliu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04209.x","article-title":"The Dyskinesia Impairment Scale: a new instrument to measure dystonia and choreoathetosis in dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"54","author":"Monbaliu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Presence and severity of dystonia and choreoathetosis overflow movements in participants with dyskinetic cerebral palsy and their relation with functional classification scales","author":"Vanmechelen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib7","series-title":"Definition and Classification of Hyperkinetic Movements in Childhood","first-page":"1538","author":"Sanger","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13406","article-title":"Functional outcomes in children and young people with dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"59","author":"Monbaliu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12965","article-title":"Burke\u2013fahn\u2013marsden dystonia severity, gross motor, manual ability, and communication function classification scales in childhood hyperkinetic movement disorders including cerebral palsy: a \u2018Rosetta Stone\u2019 study","volume":"58","author":"Elze","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-10-59","article-title":"Use of manual and powered wheelchair in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Rodby-Bousquet","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib11","author":"Assembly"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215514531262","article-title":"Systematic review of power mobility outcomes for infants, children and adolescents with mobility limitations","volume":"28","author":"Livingstone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12245","article-title":"Practice considerations for the introduction and use of power mobility for children","volume":"56","author":"Livingstone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib14","series-title":"The Child and Family Experience of Power Mobility: a Qualitative Synthesis","first-page":"317","author":"Livingstone","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.4276\/030802213X13627524435306","article-title":"Facilitating child participation through power mobility","volume":"76","author":"Casey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Occup. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-016-0707-6","article-title":"Physical risk factors influencing wheeled mobility in children with cerebral palsy :: a cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Rodby-Bousquet","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2439240","article-title":"Upper body-based power wheelchair control interface for individuals with tetraplegia","volume":"24","author":"Thorp","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib18","first-page":"353","article-title":"Adequacy of power wheelchair control interfaces for persons with severe disabilities: a clinical survey","volume":"37","author":"Fehr","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Rehabil. Res. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063628","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2063628","article-title":"Development of a new intelligent joystick for people with reduced mobility","volume":"2018","author":"Mrabet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Bionics Biomechanics"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/s19245404","article-title":"Development of a data logger for capturing human-machine interaction in wheelchair head-foot steering sensor system in dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"19","author":"Gakopoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3109\/17483107.2010.496097","article-title":"A\u00a0critical review of powered mobility assessment and training for children","volume":"5","author":"Livingstone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0b013e31812c65cc","article-title":"The clinical decision-making process of prescribing power mobility for a child with cerebral palsy","volume":"19","author":"Huhn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr. Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00159.x","article-title":"Powered wheelchairs and independence in young children with tetraplegia","volume":"43","author":"Bottos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2004.01.002","article-title":"The world health organization international classification of functioning, disability, and health: a model to guide clinical thinking, practice and research in the field of cerebral palsy","volume":"11","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Pediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/17483107.2018.1527957","article-title":"A\u00a0scoping review of powered wheelchair driving tasks and performance-based outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Bigras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-8-31","article-title":"Assessment of joystick control during the performance of powered wheelchair driving tasks","volume":"8","author":"Sorrento","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0NeuroEng. Rehabil."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13903","article-title":"Stability of the gross motor function classification system, manual ability classification system, and communication function classification system","volume":"60","author":"Palisano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03089.x","article-title":"Content validity of the expanded and revised gross motor function classification system","volume":"50","author":"Palisano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162206001162","article-title":"The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy: scale development and evidence of validity and reliability","volume":"48","author":"Eliasson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib30","author":"Kirby"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.3390\/app9173481","article-title":"Development of the Dyskinesia impairment mobility scale to measure presence and severity of dystonia and choreoathetosis during powered mobility in dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"9","author":"Bekteshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00456","article-title":"Repeated measures correlation.(Report)(brief article)","volume":"8","author":"Bakdash","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"6933","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6933.896","article-title":"Statistics Notes: correlation, regression, and repeated data","volume":"308","author":"Bland","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib34","series-title":"A\u00a0Modern Introduction to Probability and Statistics: Understanding Why and How","first-page":"393","author":"Devore","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib35","series-title":"Measurement in Medicine: a Practical Guide","author":"de Vet","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib36","series-title":"Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice","author":"Portney","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2016.09.003","article-title":"The relationship of dystonia and choreoathetosis with activity, participation and quality of life in children and youth with dyskinetic cerebral palsy","volume":"21","author":"Monbaliu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/16534","article-title":"Influence of cognitive functioning on powered mobility device use: protocol for a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Pellichero","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000458","article-title":"Power mobility training methods for children: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Kenyon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.144014","article-title":"Dyskinetic cerebral palsy in Europe: trends in prevalence and severity","volume":"94","author":"Himmelmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1630.2011.00983.x","article-title":"Driving to Learn in a powered wheelchair: inter-rater reliability of a tool for assessment of joystick-use","volume":"58","author":"Nilsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust. Occup. Ther. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib42","first-page":"139","article-title":"Development of NASA-TLX (task load index): results of empirical and theoretical research","volume":"vol. 52","author":"Hart","year":"1988"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3109\/01942638.2015.1108380","article-title":"Power mobility training for young children with multiple, severe impairments: a case series","volume":"37","author":"Kenyon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Occup. Ther. Pediatr."},{"issue":"6695","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/29528","article-title":"Signal-dependent noise determines motor planning","volume":"394","author":"Harris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(77)90012-9","article-title":"Speed-accuracy tradeoff and information processing dynamics","volume":"41","author":"Wickelgren","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.030","article-title":"Motivational fatigue: a neurocognitive framework for the impact of effortful exertion on subsequent motivation","volume":"123","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3181b37b8f","article-title":"The effects of acute stress on performance: implications for health professions education","volume":"84","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acad. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2014.09.002","article-title":"School-related stress and cognitive performance: a mood-induction study","volume":"39","author":"Scrimin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S109037982030163X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S109037982030163X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T18:37:33Z","timestamp":1761071853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S109037982030163X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S109037982030163X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-3798"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-3798","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dystonia and choreoathetosis presence and severity in relation to powered wheelchair mobility performance in children and youth with dyskinetic cerebral palsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Paediatric Neurology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpn.2020.08.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}