{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:50:27Z","timestamp":1791607827603,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008898","name":"National Space Biomedical Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCC 9-58"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCC 9-58"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"NASA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNJ04HF74G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNJ04HF74G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,20]],"date-time":"2017-05-20T01:01:27Z","timestamp":1495242087000},"page":"S2-S8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Drugs in space: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in astronauts"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Johannes","family":"Kast","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph N.","family":"Seubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-3899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia E.","family":"Wotring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hartmut","family":"Derendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03658.x","article-title":"Effects of gravity on gastric emptying, intestinal transit, and drug absorption","volume":"31","author":"Amidon","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70122-X","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep deficiency and use of hypnotic drugs in astronauts before, during, and after spaceflight: an observational study","volume":"13","author":"Barger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.5414\/CP201484","article-title":"Electroencephalogram-based pharmacodynamic measures: a review","volume":"50","author":"Bewernitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0020","series-title":"Space Physiology","first-page":"77","article-title":"Muscle loss: approach to maintaining strength","author":"Buckey","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0025","series-title":"Results of the Life Science DSOs Conducted Aboard the Space Shuttle 1981\u20131986","first-page":"25","article-title":"Inflight salivary pharmacokinetics of scopolamine and dextroamphetamine","author":"Cintron","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0030","series-title":"Results of the Life Science DSOs Conducted Aboard the Space Shuttle 1981\u20131986","first-page":"19","article-title":"Inflight pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in saliva","author":"Cintron","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S114188","article-title":"Incidence of clinical symptoms during long-duration orbital spaceflight","volume":"9","author":"Crucian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-012-9824-7","article-title":"Immune system dysregulation occurs during short duration spaceflight on board the space shuttle","volume":"33","author":"Crucian","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2276.2008","article-title":"Immune system dysregulation following short- vs long-duration spaceflight","volume":"79","author":"Crucian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199712000-00040","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol in a new solvent","volume":"85","author":"Doenicke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-011-9270-0","article-title":"Evaluation of physical and chemical changes in pharmaceuticals flown on space missions","volume":"13","author":"Du","year":"2011","journal-title":"AAPS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270003257229","article-title":"Influence of simulated weightlessness on the oral pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen as a gastric emptying probe in man: a plasma and a saliva study","volume":"43","author":"Gandia","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2005.00374.x","article-title":"The influence of weightlessness on pharmacokinetics","volume":"19","author":"Gandia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270006291032","article-title":"Influence of simulated weightlessness on the intramuscular and oral pharmacokinetics of promethazine in 12 human volunteers","volume":"46","author":"Gandia","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02873330","article-title":"Ion channel are sensitive to gravity changes","volume":"13","author":"Goldermann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microgravity Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270004267193","article-title":"Physiological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic changes in space","volume":"44","author":"Graebe","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2008.03.003","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic modelling of the EEG effects of opioids: the role of complex biophase distribution kinetics","volume":"34","author":"Groenendaal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0090","first-page":"187","article-title":"The digestive tract of rat after flight in the biosatellite Cosmos 1667","volume":"24","author":"Groza","year":"1987","journal-title":"Physiologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0095","first-page":"27","article-title":"Changes in some digestive enzymes after a seven-day orbital flight","volume":"20","author":"Groza","year":"1983","journal-title":"Physiologie"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2009.07.005","article-title":"Cardiovascular adaptations, fluid shifts, and countermeasures related to space flight","volume":"169","author":"Hargens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-16-87","article-title":"Gravity, a regulation factor in the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270010388652","article-title":"Effect of microgravity on the pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in humans","volume":"51","author":"Idkaidek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0115","article-title":"Spaceflight activates lipotoxic pathways in mouse liver","volume":"11","author":"Jonscher","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1980.213","article-title":"Influence of prolonged recumbency on drug disposition","volume":"28","author":"Kates","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)22632-5","article-title":"Kinetics of drug action in disease states. XXV. Effect of experimental hypovolemia on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of desmethyldiazepam","volume":"245","author":"Klockowski","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2016.01.007","article-title":"Fundamentals of anesthesiology for spaceflight","volume":"30","author":"Komorowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s11094-009-0255-6","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen administered in tablets and capsules under long-term space flight conditions","volume":"43","author":"Kovachevich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharm. Chem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040307","article-title":"Cortical and trabecular bone mineral loss from the spine and hip in long-duration spaceflight","volume":"19","author":"Lang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res. Off. J. Am. Soc. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)24740-1","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the electroencephalographic effects of benzodiazepines. Correlation with receptor binding and anticonvulsant activity","volume":"257","author":"Mandema","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.4.1.2295381","article-title":"Altered carbohydrate, lipid, and xenobiotic metabolism by liver from rats flown on Cosmos 1887","volume":"4","author":"Merrill","year":"1990","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142374","article-title":"Spaceflight effects on cytochrome P450 content in mouse liver","volume":"10","author":"Moskaleva","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0155","author":"Obama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0160","first-page":"S41","article-title":"Biomedical results of the space shuttle orbital flight test program","volume":"54","author":"Pool","year":"1983","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0165","first-page":"705","article-title":"Pharmaceutical use by U.S. astronauts on space shuttle missions","volume":"70","author":"Putcha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.27753","article-title":"Validity of microgravity simulation models on earth","volume":"38","author":"Regnard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1992.tb05639.x","article-title":"The influence of posture on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered nifedipine","volume":"34","author":"Renwick","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00608225","article-title":"The effect of posture on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous benzylpenicillin","volume":"30","author":"Rumble","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199120020-00007","article-title":"Effects of posture and sleep on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (acetaminophen) and its metabolites","volume":"20","author":"Rumble","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04110.x","article-title":"Impact of a Four-Day Head-Down Tilt (\u20136\u00b0) on Lidocaine Pharmacokinetics Used as Probe to Evaluate Hepatic Blood Flow","volume":"35","author":"Saivin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0185","series-title":"Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Ciprofloxacin in Simulated Microgravity","author":"Schuck","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270005276620","article-title":"Effect of simulated microgravity on the disposition and tissue penetration of ciprofloxacin in healthy volunteers","volume":"45","author":"Schuck","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0195","author":"Seubert"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s12018-008-9012-8","article-title":"Adaptation of the skeletal system during long-duration spaceflight","volume":"5","author":"Sibonga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Bone Miner. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0205","author":"Siceloff"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1647","article-title":"Benefits for bone from resistance exercise and nutrition in long-duration spaceflight: evidence from biochemistry and densitometry","volume":"27","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res. Off. J. Am. Soc. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041105","article-title":"Bone markers, calcium metabolism, and calcium kinetics during extended-duration space flight on the Mir space station","volume":"20","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res. Off. J. Am. Soc. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1994.tb02017.x","article-title":"Effects of motion sickness and antimotion sickness drugs on gastric function","volume":"34","author":"Stewart","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S67275","article-title":"Impact of space flight on bacterial virulence and antibiotic susceptibility","volume":"8","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0230","series-title":"Active transmembrane drug transport in microgravity: a validation study using an ABC transporter model","author":"Vaquer","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.090628","article-title":"Acclimation during space flight: effects on human physiology","volume":"180","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4417","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-264838","article-title":"Medication use by U.S. crewmembers on the International Space Station","volume":"29","author":"Wotring","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-015-9834-5","article-title":"Chemical potency and degradation products of medications stored over 550 earth days at the International Space Station","volume":"18","author":"Wotring","year":"2016","journal-title":"AAPS J."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928098717302531?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928098717302531?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T18:35:18Z","timestamp":1750271718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0928098717302531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0928098717302531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-0987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-0987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Drugs in space: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in astronauts","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.05.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}