{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T17:22:48Z","timestamp":1785604968985,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TU-DSPP--2024-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TU-DSPP--2024-30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T04:30:48Z","timestamp":1758947448000},"page":"107293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Combined experimental and DFT study of tamoxifen adsorption on PEG-modified graphene oxide for enhanced drug delivery"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"214","author":[{"given":"Khaled","family":"Almansour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hashem O.","family":"Alsaab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahboubeh","family":"Pishnamazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1134\/S0022476619050196","article-title":"Synthesis and antibacterial activities of novel Hg (II) and Zn (II) complexes of bis (thiosemicarbazone) acenaphthenequinone loaded to MWCNTs","volume":"60","author":"Abdolhi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Struct. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0002","article-title":"Pegylated graphene Oxide For 4\u2032-fluorouridine delivery: an ab initio approach to antiviral therapy","author":"Adekoya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Theory Simul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0003","series-title":"Biosystems, Biomedical & Drug Delivery Systems: Characterization, Restoration and Optimization","first-page":"105","article-title":"Restoration and Sustenance of Nano Drug Delivery Systems: potential, Challenges, and Limitations","author":"Bagade","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-013-7633-3","article-title":"Optical properties of SiC nanocages: ab initio study","volume":"113","author":"Bezi Javan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092055","article-title":"Bioavailability enhancement techniques for poorly aqueous soluble drugs and therapeutics","volume":"10","author":"Bhalani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113733","article-title":"Balanced dual acting compounds targeting aromatase and estrogen receptor \u03b1 as an emerging therapeutic opportunity to counteract estrogen responsive breast cancer","volume":"224","author":"Caciolla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/D5BM00202H","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment modulation innovates combinative cancer therapy via versatile graphene oxide nanosystem","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac017","article-title":"Estrogen receptor signaling in the immune system","volume":"44","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-020-03206-w","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of breast cancer: highlighting CYP2D6 and tamoxifen","volume":"146","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6834","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076834","article-title":"A basic review on estrogen receptor signaling pathways in breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"Clusan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2022.133853","article-title":"Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for the treatment of ER+ breast cancer: an overview","volume":"1270","author":"Das","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2021.1912008","article-title":"Metallic nanoparticles as drug delivery system for the treatment of cancer","volume":"18","author":"Desai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1021\/ar3000844","article-title":"Dispersion-corrected density functional theory for aromatic interactions in complex systems","volume":"46","author":"Ehrlich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.04.027","article-title":"Insights into key factors controlling GO stability in natural surface waters","volume":"335","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.019","article-title":"Tumor acidic environment directs nanoparticle impacts on cancer cells","volume":"634","author":"Ghaemi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5991","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S249717","article-title":"Poly (Ethylene glycol) functionalized graphene oxide in tissue engineering: a review on recent advances","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TB00599F","article-title":"Nanobiopolymers in cancer therapeutics: advancing targeted drug delivery through sustainable and controlled release mechanisms","author":"Gulati","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000500","article-title":"Epidemiology of triple-negative breast cancer: a review","volume":"27","author":"Howard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.08.011","article-title":"Multifunctional graphene oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer","volume":"350","author":"Itoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00894-020-4307-x","article-title":"Theoretical study of nitrogen, boron, and co-doped (B, N) armchair graphene nanoribbons","volume":"26","author":"Javan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Model."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physb.2014.09.019","article-title":"Surface passivation effects on the electronic and optical properties of 3C-SiC nanocrystals","volume":"456","author":"Javan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. B: Condens. Matter"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2011.03.132","article-title":"First principles study of small cobalt clusters encapsulated in C60 and C82 spherical nanocages","volume":"257","author":"Javan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physe.2011.03.005","article-title":"First principles calculations of C70 fullerene nano-cage doped with transition metal atoms (Fe, Co)","volume":"43","author":"Javan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostructures"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphys.2017.02.008","article-title":"Effect of the embedded atom on the electronic, optical properties and kinetic stability of [3, 6] silaprismane","volume":"487","author":"Katin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12010126","article-title":"Interaction of graphene oxide modified with linear and branched PEG with monocytes isolated from human blood","volume":"12","author":"Khramtsov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enganabound.2023.09.008","article-title":"pH-responsive anticancer drug delivery systems: insights into the enhanced adsorption and release of DOX drugs using graphene oxide as a nanocarrier","volume":"157","author":"Le","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eng. Anal. Bound. Elem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20220002","article-title":"Recent development of pH-responsive theranostic nanoplatforms for magnetic resonance imaging-guided cancer therapy","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"In Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S447496","article-title":"Advances in nanotechnology for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Devel. Ther."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13132052","article-title":"Nanocelluloses: sources, pretreatment, isolations, modification, and its application as the drug carriers","volume":"13","author":"Lunardi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0031","article-title":"Molecular simulation of graphene oxide (GO) nanocarriers for doxorubicin: effects of PH and GO pegylation on the drug loading","author":"Mahdavi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retent. Release"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6102","DOI":"10.1021\/jp020124t","article-title":"Polarizable continuum model (PCM) calculations of solvent effects on optical rotations of chiral molecules","volume":"106","author":"Mennucci","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13231958","article-title":"Human cytochrome P450 cancer-related metabolic activities and gene polymorphisms: a review","volume":"13","author":"Mokhosoev","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124566","article-title":"Carboxymethyl cellulose\/starch\/reduced graphene oxide composite as a pH-sensitive nanocarrier for curcumin drug delivery","volume":"241","author":"Parvaneh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16030552","article-title":"Therapies for the treatment of advanced\/metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: current situation and future directions","volume":"16","author":"Rej","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0036","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery against cancer: a review of mechanisms, applications, consequences, limitations, and tailoring strategies","author":"Riaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-021-02136-5","article-title":"Endocrine resistance in breast cancer: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies","volume":"99","author":"Saatci","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0038","article-title":"Revolutionizing anticancer drug delivery: exploring the potential of tamoxifen-loaded nanoformulations","volume":"86","author":"Sani","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1002\/sia.6861","article-title":"Adsorption of sarin and chlorosarin onto the Al12N12 and Al12P12 nanoclusters: DFT and TDDFT calculations","volume":"52","author":"Sedighi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surf. Interface Anal."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e118","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.118","article-title":"Graphene and graphene oxide with anticancer applications: challenges and future perspectives","volume":"3","author":"Shafiee","year":"2022","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0041","article-title":"Epidemiology of breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"Shang","year":"2022"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5586","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201400267","article-title":"Self-assembly of graphene oxide at interfaces","volume":"26","author":"Shao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9030290","article-title":"Intratumoural cytochrome P450 expression in breast cancer: impact on standard of care treatment and new efforts to develop tumour-selective therapies","volume":"9","author":"Sneha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s10450-019-00029-1","article-title":"Adsorption of HCOH and H 2 S molecules on Al 12 P 12 fullerene: a DFT study","volume":"25","author":"Soltani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adsorption"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physe.2017.11.021","article-title":"Theoretical studies of hydrazine detection by pure and Al defected MgO nanotubes","volume":"97","author":"Soltani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. E: Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostructures"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2021.103568","article-title":"Improved anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of celecoxib loaded zinc oxide and magnesium oxide nanoclusters: a molecular docking and density functional theory simulation","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2016.04.008","article-title":"Surface charge critically affects tumor penetration and therapeutic efficacy of cancer nanomedicines","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2023.154791","article-title":"Hormone receptors in breast cancer: an update on the uncommon subtypes","volume":"250","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathol.-Res. Pract."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.organomet.9b00822","article-title":"Oxidation of cymantrene-tagged tamoxifen analogues: effect of diphenyl functionalization on the redox mechanism","volume":"39","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.230272","article-title":"Oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer and its embedded mechanism: breast cancer resistance to conventional drugs and related therapies, a review","volume":"14","author":"Yadav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Open. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.21037\/tbcr-24-16","article-title":"A narrative review: research progress of adjuvant intensive endocrine therapy for early breast cancer","volume":"5","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0052","first-page":"1","article-title":"Charge reversal nano-systems for tumor therapy","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-00606-z","article-title":"Surface loading of nanoparticles on engineered or natural erythrocytes for prolonged circulation time: strategies and applications","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106131","article-title":"The effects of estrogen on targeted cancer therapy drugs","volume":"177","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14112346","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment-based stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for controlled release of drugs in cancer therapy","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293_fur1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S504629","article-title":"Design of pH-responsive nanomaterials based on the tumor microenvironment","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092809872500291X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092809872500291X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T14:19:15Z","timestamp":1773152355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S092809872500291X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S092809872500291X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-0987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-0987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Combined experimental and DFT study of tamoxifen adsorption on PEG-modified graphene oxide for enhanced drug delivery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107293","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107293"}}