{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:22:18Z","timestamp":1788466938153,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00211014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00211014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00221167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00221167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00231288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00231288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004012","name":"Jane ja Aatos Erkon S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007083","name":"Orionin Tutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["322724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["322724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["358425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["358425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T15:06:14Z","timestamp":1766934374000},"page":"107424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Febuxostat analogs as anti-quorum sensing and antibacterial agents"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Praveen Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matej","family":"Zore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"San-Martin-Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz M.","family":"Kornmayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Reigada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3121-8542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leena","family":"Hanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsi","family":"Savijoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Yli-Kauhaluoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2562-1888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayendra Z.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.4236\/aim.2018.88044","article-title":"Perturbation of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by febuxostat","volume":"8","author":"Abbas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Microbiol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2020.127336","article-title":"Chloroquine fumardiamides as novel quorum sensing inhibitors","volume":"30","author":"Beus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1008","article-title":"Understanding biofilm resistance to antibacterial agents","volume":"2","author":"Davies","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2016.06.003","article-title":"Advances in chromobacterium violaceum and properties of violacein-its main secondary metabolite: a review","volume":"34","author":"Dur\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2010.537810","article-title":"Biofilm development by clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. From retrieved orthopedic prostheses","volume":"81","author":"Esteban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12054","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140612054","article-title":"(+)-Dehydroabietic acid, an abietane-type diterpene, inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in vitro","volume":"14","author":"Fallarero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111834","article-title":"Screening of FDA-approved drugs using a 384-well plate-based biofilm platform: the case of fingolimod","volume":"8","author":"Gilbert-Girard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093034","article-title":"Optimization of a high-throughput 384-well plate-based screening platform with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 biofilms","volume":"21","author":"Gilbert-Girard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1225","article-title":"A cell-cell communication signal integrates quorum sensing and stress response","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2017.12.076","article-title":"Anti-biofilm effect of novel thiazole acid analogs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa through IQS pathways","volume":"145","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70016","article-title":"Quorum sensing: not just a bridge between bacteria","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"MicrobiologyOpen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.117008","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant bacteria quorum-sensing inhibitors: a particular focus on Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"281","author":"Maiga","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051346","article-title":"Screening of natural product derivatives identifies two structurally related flavonoids as potent quorum sensing inhibitors against gram-negative bacteria","volume":"19","author":"Manner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312808","article-title":"Understanding quorum-sensing and biofilm forming in anaerobic bacterial communities","volume":"25","author":"Markowska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3703","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-12-3703","article-title":"Quorum sensing and chromobacterium violaceum: exploitation of violacein production and inhibition for the detection of N-acylhomoserine lactones","volume":"143","author":"McClean","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"10459","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01867-1","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050","volume":"404","author":"Naghavi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-020-10349-w","article-title":"Prevention of biofilm formation by quorum quenching","volume":"104","author":"Paluch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.620339","article-title":"The role of macrophages in Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"11","author":"Pidwill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116956","article-title":"Tracking Chlamydia\u2013Host interactions and antichlamydial activity in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"177","author":"Reigada","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0385-0","article-title":"Biofilm dispersion","volume":"18","author":"Rumbaugh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12010090","article-title":"Food-grade bacteria combat pathogens by blocking AHL-mediated quorum sensing and biofilm formation","volume":"12","author":"Savijoki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2012.49","article-title":"Combining biofilm matrix measurements with biomass and viability assays in susceptibility assessments of antimicrobials against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"65","author":"Skogman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21091211","article-title":"Flavones as quorum sensing inhibitors identified by a newly optimized screening platform using chromobacterium violaceum as reporter bacteria","volume":"21","author":"Skogman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3871","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.05125-11","article-title":"Quorum sensing in chromobacterium violaceum: DNA recognition and gene regulation by the CviR receptor","volume":"193","author":"Stauff","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108192","article-title":"Bioorganic compounds in quorum sensing disruption: strategies, mechanisms, and future prospects","author":"Subramani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12010087","article-title":"Antimicrobial treatment of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"12","author":"Tuon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0018","first-page":"339","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of some analogues of Febuxostat\u2014An anti-hyperuricemia drug","volume":"14","author":"Vallu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem.: Indian J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2023.106551","article-title":"Quorum sensing inhibitors as therapeutics: bacterial biofilm inhibition","volume":"136","author":"Vashistha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131001","article-title":"Quorum sensing: cell-to-cell communication in bacteria","volume":"21","author":"Waters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0002","unstructured":"WHO bacterial priority pathogens list, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance, to guide research, development, and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance; World Health Organization, 2024. DOI: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240093461."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2013.09.007","article-title":"On the essentiality of lipopolysaccharide to gram-negative bacteria","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.926170","article-title":"Repurposing the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator etrasimod as an antibacterial agent against gram-positive bacteria","volume":"13","author":"Zore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2023.115921","article-title":"Design and synthesis of etrasimod derivatives as potent antibacterial agents against gram-positive bacteria","volume":"263","author":"Zore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092809872500421X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092809872500421X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T22:49:11Z","timestamp":1772491751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S092809872500421X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S092809872500421X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-0987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-0987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Febuxostat analogs as anti-quorum sensing and antibacterial agents","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107424","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107424"}}