{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:46:09Z","timestamp":1786121169896,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004785","name":"Nordforsk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["85352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["85352"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004785","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001858","name":"VINNOVA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\\u201300047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\\u201300047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T08:54:12Z","timestamp":1776243252000},"page":"107530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Early-stage pharmaceutical development of bilayer buccal films with a chitosan backing layer for local pain management in oral mucositis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"221","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7227-261X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Korelc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnu","family":"Arumughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5ke","family":"Henrik-Klemens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anette","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingunn","family":"Tho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.07.301","article-title":"Tetracaine oral gel in patients treated with radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer: final results of a phase II study","volume":"64","author":"Alterio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12070657","article-title":"Bilayer Mucoadhesive buccal film for mucosal ulcers treatment: development, characterization, and single study case","volume":"12","author":"Alves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colcom.2025.100867","article-title":"The influence of substituents of cellulose ethers on their interaction with chitosan surfaces","volume":"70","author":"Arumughan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Colloid. Interface Sci. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2016.08.041","article-title":"Use of Permeapad\u00ae for prediction of buccal absorption: a comparison to in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo method","volume":"93","author":"Bibi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(01)00098-3","article-title":"Evaluation of an oral care protocol intervention in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric cancer patients","volume":"37","author":"Cheng","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0006","unstructured":"Chitinor. (n.d.). Chitopharm. Retrieved March 11, 2026, from https:\/\/chitinor.com\/chitopharm\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0007","series-title":"European Pharmacopoeia","year":"2014"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0008","first-page":"722","article-title":"What is the critical pH and why does a tooth dissolve in acid?","volume":"69","author":"Dawes","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Can. Dent. Assoc."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.04.012","article-title":"A Raman spectroscopic investigation of bioadhesive tetracaine local anaesthetic formulations","volume":"279","author":"Dennis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2015.03.019","article-title":"New biomimetic barrier Permeapad \u2122 for efficient investigation of passive permeability of drugs","volume":"73","author":"di Cagno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0011","unstructured":"DrugBank. (n.d.). Tetracaine hydrochloride. Retrieved February 6, 2026, from https:\/\/go.drugbank.com\/salts\/DBSALT001125."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.20210324","article-title":"A practical guide to quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring of thin polymer films","volume":"60","author":"Easley","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2025.114868","article-title":"Towards the development of a standard toolbox for compatibility testing of pediatric drug products with common dosing vehicles \u2212 fruit juice, apple sauce, yogurt, and pudding","volume":"217","author":"Eckert","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2009.10.071","article-title":"Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) formulated films: relevance to adhesion and friction surface properties","volume":"80","author":"Fahs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1206","article-title":"Effect of various additives on the properties of the films and coatings derived from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose \u2014 A review","volume":"7","author":"Ghadermazi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(94)90112-0","article-title":"Spinal anesthesia using a 1:1 mixture ofBupivacaine and tetracaine for peripheral vascular surgery","volume":"6","author":"Hoff","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Anesth."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2020.183351","article-title":"Effect of tetracaine on dynamic reorganization of lipid membranes","volume":"1862","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) - Biomembr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-020-02807-x","article-title":"Drug permeability profiling using the novel Permeapad\u00ae 96-well plate","volume":"37","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4516","DOI":"10.1039\/b803960g","article-title":"Viscoelastic, mechanical, and dielectric measurements on complex samples with the quartz crystal microbalance","volume":"10","author":"Johannsmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.114706","article-title":"Understanding the transport of drugs across biomimetic barriers of various phospholipid compositions using a combined experimental and computational approach","volume":"253","author":"Kabedev","year":"2025","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.17245\/jdapm.2018.18.4.223","article-title":"The efficiency of topical anesthetics as antimicrobial agents: a review of use in dentistry","volume":"18","author":"Kaewjiaranai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dent. Anesth. Pain. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3144\/expresspolymlett.2008.90","article-title":"Pharmaceutical significance of cellulose: a review","volume":"2","author":"Kamel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Express. Polym. Lett."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35949","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c03217","article-title":"Application of In situ mucoadhesive hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and pro-repairing dual properties for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis","volume":"16","author":"Kang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS. Appl. Mater. Interfaces."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0024","series-title":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacoloy","author":"Katzung","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122544","article-title":"Water-soluble chitosan eases development of mucoadhesive buccal films and wafers for children","volume":"631","author":"Korelc","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-011-9624-z","article-title":"Effect of experimental temperature on the permeation of model diffusants across porcine buccal mucosa","volume":"12","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2011","journal-title":"AAPS. PharmSciTech."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2007.10.002","article-title":"Management of oral mucositis in patients who have cancer","volume":"52","author":"Lalla","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dent. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119238","article-title":"Mucoadhesive in situ forming gel for oral mucositis pain control","volume":"580","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2015.02.024","article-title":"Charge related astringency of chitosans","volume":"48","author":"Luck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpp.13020","article-title":"Mechanical and barrier properties of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose edible polymer films with plasticizer combinations","volume":"41","author":"Mahadevaiah","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Food Process. Preserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2017.08.053","article-title":"Raman and infrared spectroscopies and X-ray diffraction data on bupivacaine and ropivacaine complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl\u2212\u03b2\u2212cyclodextrin","volume":"15","author":"Martins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Data Br."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e571","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000571","article-title":"A novel lozenge containing bupivacaine as topical alleviation of oral mucositis pain in patients with head and neck cancer: a pilot study","volume":"1","author":"Mogensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain. Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01335-9","article-title":"Postherpetic neuralgia: current evidence on the topical film-forming spray with bupivacaine hydrochloride and a review of available treatment strategies","volume":"37","author":"Ngo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17162167","article-title":"Baicalein-loaded Chitosan films for local treatment of oral infections","volume":"17","author":"Paczkowska-Walendowska","year":"2025","journal-title":"Polym"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.01.027","article-title":"Advances in oral transmucosal drug delivery","volume":"153","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2013.804058","article-title":"Oromucosal film preparations: classification and characterization methods","volume":"10","author":"Preis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2013.12.019","article-title":"Design and evaluation of bilayered buccal film preparations for local administration of lidocaine hydrochloride","volume":"86","author":"Preis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1021\/js980004q","article-title":"Polymer erosion and drug release characterization of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrices","volume":"87","author":"Reynolds","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.151254","article-title":"Morphine mouthwash for the management of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer","volume":"4","author":"Sarvizadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.10.058","article-title":"Buccal films: a review of therapeutic opportunities, formulations & relevant evaluation approaches","volume":"352","author":"Shipp","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0041","unstructured":"Sigma-Aldrich. (n.d.). Bupivacaine hydrochloride monohydrate. Retrieved November 14, 2025, from https:\/\/www.sigmaaldrich.com\/NO\/en\/substance\/bupivacainehydrochloridemonohydrate3429073360540?srsltid=AfmBOorIZfS5daxLexKpAYbWzOfovOqZBm3T8cRSUFiw-H_aY3H6JB6A."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2.3.507","article-title":"Buccal drug delivery","volume":"2","author":"Smart","year":"2005","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-022-02278-4","article-title":"Antinociceptive effects of bupivacaine and its sulfobutylether-\u03b2-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in orofacial pain","volume":"395","author":"Souza de Freitas Domingues","year":"2022","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeb. Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"Part 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0044","article-title":"Hemostatic and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-based wound healing dressings: a review","volume":"306","author":"Su","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116259","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of ethyl cellulose film modified with capsaicin","volume":"241","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.3390\/md13041819","article-title":"Stability of Chitosan\u2014A challenge for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications","volume":"13","author":"Szyma\u0144ska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0047","article-title":"Bioadhesive film for the delivery of local anesthetics to the buccal mucosa: ex-vivo and in-vivo evaluation","volume":"103","author":"Tofoli","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.120100","article-title":"Solid lipid nanoparticle-loaded mucoadhesive buccal films \u2013 Critical quality attributes and in vitro safety & efficacy","volume":"592","author":"Tzanova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.23825","article-title":"Lipophilicity of drugs, including local anesthetics, and its association with lipid emulsion resuscitation","volume":"77","author":"Wiedmer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Korean J. Anesth."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3390\/md13031133","article-title":"Chitin and chitosan preparation from marine sources. Structure, properties and applications","volume":"13","author":"Younes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107591","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000}},{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107591","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000}}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928098726001041?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928098726001041?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T02:54:12Z","timestamp":1786071252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0928098726001041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0928098726001041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-0987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-0987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early-stage pharmaceutical development of bilayer buccal films with a chitosan backing layer for local pain management in oral mucositis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107530","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107530"}}