{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T12:04:54Z","timestamp":1779710694855,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T16:06:17Z","timestamp":1776787577000},"page":"107537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Biophysical and Raman Spectroscopy assessment of drug-induced photosensitivity: Insights from a randomised controlled pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"Karolina","family":"Anderle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Deinsberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"H\u00fcbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"von Aufschnaiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Salzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Sophie","family":"Zulus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin Peter","family":"Kubatzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Hochrainer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Crevenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Keilani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wolzt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2561-4378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Klang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.09.001","article-title":"Research techniques made simple: transepidermal water loss measurement as a Research tool","author":"Alexander","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12109","article-title":"Discrimination between cutaneous pigmentation and erythema: comparison of the skin colorimeters","volume":"20","author":"Baqui\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermacatch and Mexameter. Ski. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.97350","article-title":"Cutaneous solar ultraviolet exposure and clinical aspects of photodamage","volume":"78","author":"Battie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2019.118694","article-title":"Topical application of highly concentrated water-in-oil emulsions: physiological skin parameters and skin penetration in vivo - A pilot study","volume":"571","author":"Binder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/00045391-200607000-00007","article-title":"Incidence rate of adverse drug reactions during long-term follow-up of patients newly treated with amiodarone","volume":"13","author":"Bongard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/14782715221132858","article-title":"Insights into proton pump inhibitor-induced photosensitivity: an observational study in a tertiary photobiology service","volume":"52","author":"Butt","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. R. Coll. Physicians Edinb."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01550.x","article-title":"Photopatch testing with an extended series of photoallergens: a 5-year study","volume":"60","author":"Cardoso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Contact Derm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2001.01258.x","article-title":"In vivo confocal raman microspectroscopy of the skin: noninvasive determination of molecular concentration profiles","volume":"116","author":"Caspers","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/tbio.201900004","article-title":"Method to quantify the in vivo skin penetration of topically applied materials based on confocal raman spectroscopy","volume":"1","author":"Caspers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Biophotonics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0846.2000.006004230.x","article-title":"Skin color measurements: comparison between three instruments: the chromameter\u00ae, the DermaSpectrometer\u00ae and the Mexameter\u00ae","volume":"6","author":"Clarys","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ski. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.09.033","article-title":"Chronic phototoxicity and aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in children and adults during treatment with voriconazole","volume":"62","author":"Cowen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12222","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140612222","article-title":"UV radiation and the skin","volume":"14","author":"D\u2019Orazio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0013","article-title":"The phenomenon of phototoxicity and long-term risks of commonly prescribed and structurally diverse drugs","volume":"19","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0014","article-title":"Drug-induced photosensitivity: clinical types of phototoxicity and photoallergy and pathogenetic mechanisms. Front","author":"Di Bartolomeo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1039\/c7pp00228a","article-title":"Ultraviolet erythema: dose response and mediator diffusion","volume":"17","author":"Diffey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12037","article-title":"International guidelines for the in vivo assessment of skin properties in non-clinical settings: part 2. transepidermal water loss and skin hydration","volume":"19","author":"Du Plessis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ski. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2001.140506.x","article-title":"Distinct melanogenic response of human melanocytes in mono-culture, in co-culture with keratinocytes and in reconstructed epidermis, to UV exposure","volume":"14","author":"Duval","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1021\/tx9800708","article-title":"Phototoxicity associated with diclofenac: a photophysical, photochemical, and photobiological study on the drug and its photoproducts","volume":"11","author":"Encinas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2007.00222.x","article-title":"Transepidermal water loss after photodynamic therapy, UVB radiation and topical corticosteroid is independent of inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Faurschou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ski. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/9781420019964-14","article-title":"Drug and chemical photosensitivity: exogenous","author":"Ferguson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Photodermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.04.002","article-title":"Applications of Raman spectroscopy in skin research - from skin physiology and diagnosis up to risk assessment and dermal drug delivery","author":"Franzen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.01.005","article-title":"Photo(geno)toxicity changes associated with hydroxylation of the aromatic chromophores during diclofenac metabolism","volume":"341","author":"Garcia-Lainez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000458761","article-title":"Phototoxicity of doxycycline: a systematic review on clinical manifestations, frequency, cofactors, and prevention","volume":"30","author":"Goetze","year":"2017","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2013.01.010","article-title":"Photosensitivity due to thiazides","volume":"105","author":"G\u00f3mez-Bernal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0025","article-title":"Minimal Erythema dose (MED) testing","volume":"28","author":"Heckman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0026","first-page":"19","article-title":"Drug-induced photosensitivity: culprit drugs, potential mechanisms and clinical consequences","volume":"19","author":"Hofmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"JDDG - J. Ger. Soc. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7469","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11573-2","article-title":"Investigating the clinical implication of corneometer and mexameter readings towards objective, efficient evaluation of psoriasis vulgaris severity","volume":"12","author":"Hsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2494.2008.00476.x","article-title":"Closed-chamber transepidermal water loss measurement: microclimate, calibration and performance","author":"Imhof","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Cosmet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12711","article-title":"Measurement of transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH in occupational settings: a review","volume":"25","author":"Jansen van Rensburg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ski. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0030","first-page":"1451","article-title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, and risk of skin cancer in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study","volume":"23","author":"Jeter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0031","first-page":"80","article-title":"Photosensitive lichenoid eruption due to enalapril [letter]","volume":"187","author":"Kanwar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031432","article-title":"Phototoxic reactions inducted by hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide in normal skin cells\u2014In vitro studies on melanocytes and fibroblasts","volume":"25","author":"Karkoszka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14935","article-title":"Drug-induced photosensitivity: new insights into pathomechanisms and clinical variation through basic and applied science","volume":"176","author":"Khandpur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.06.061","article-title":"Drug-induced phototoxicity: a systematic review","volume":"79","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1993.tb02242.x","article-title":"Phototoxic eruptions due to doxycycline\u2014a dose-related phenomenon","volume":"18","author":"Layton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12111104","article-title":"Latest evidence regarding the effects of photosensitive drugs on the skin: pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical manifestations","author":"Lozzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12068","article-title":"Skin physiology in men and women: in vivo evaluation of 300 people including TEWL, SC hydration, sebum content and skin surface pH","volume":"35","author":"Luebberding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cosmet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14645","article-title":"Novel aspects of Raman spectroscopy in skin research","volume":"31","author":"Lunter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2016.05.006","article-title":"Drug-induced photosensitivity: photoallergic and phototoxic reactions","volume":"34","author":"Monteiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0040","series-title":"OECD Guidel. Test. Chem.","article-title":"Test No. 428: skin absorption: in vitro method","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0041","series-title":"Contact Dermatitis","first-page":"309","article-title":"Phototoxic and photoallergic reactions","author":"Palmer","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12277571","article-title":"Photosensitivity and hyperpigmentation in amiodarone-treated patients: incidence, time course, and recovery","volume":"93","author":"Rappersberger","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1086\/425285","article-title":"The genetics of sun sensitivity in humans","volume":"75","author":"Rees","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12497","article-title":"Modulation of melanogenesis and antioxidant status of melanocytes in response to phototoxic action of doxycycline","volume":"91","author":"Rok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00097611","article-title":"High frequency of voriconazole-related phototoxicity in cystic fibrosis patients","volume":"39","author":"Rondeau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.1999.tb00090.x","article-title":"Role of UVA in the pathogenesis of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: a short review","volume":"15","author":"R\u00fcnger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-024-00550-7","article-title":"Melanometry for objective evaluation of skin pigmentation in pulse oximetry studies","volume":"4","author":"Vasudevan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.09.047","article-title":"UVA phototransduction drives early melanin synthesis in human melanocytes","volume":"21","author":"Wicks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12492440","article-title":"UVA erythema in skin: is it a sunburn?","volume":"68","author":"Willis","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928098726001119?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928098726001119?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T11:52:17Z","timestamp":1779709937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0928098726001119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0928098726001119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-0987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-0987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Biophysical and Raman Spectroscopy assessment of drug-induced photosensitivity: Insights from a randomised controlled pilot study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2026.107537","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107537"}}