{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T14:44:19Z","timestamp":1779893059674,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dietmar-Hopp-Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ejradiology.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,23]],"date-time":"2015-11-23T17:42:45Z","timestamp":1448300565000},"page":"233-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Quality-controlled dose-reduction of pelvic X-ray examinations in infants with hip dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Jost Karsten","family":"Kloth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9329-2051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"von Stillfried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Stiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Burkholder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Ulrich","family":"Kauczor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Ewerbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc-Andr\u00e9","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9572","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60710-7","article-title":"Developmental dysplasia of the hip","volume":"369","author":"Dezateux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-012-0406-2","article-title":"Reliability of plain radiographic parameters for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children","volume":"6","author":"Upasani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Child. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0015","first-page":"1385","article-title":"Zur Fr\u00fchdiagnose und Fr\u00fchbehandlung der angeborenen H\u00fcftgelenksverrenkung","volume":"21","author":"Hilgenreiner","year":"1925","journal-title":"Med. Klin."},{"issue":"Suppl. 85","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0020","article-title":"Studies on dysplastic acetabula and congenital subluxation of the hip joint","volume":"83","author":"Wiberg","year":"1939","journal-title":"Acta Chir. Scand."},{"issue":"9840","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60815-0","article-title":"Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"380","author":"Pearce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200003000-00023","article-title":"The risk of carcinogenesis from radiographs to pediatric orthopaedic patients","volume":"20","author":"Bone","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300100830","article-title":"Digital radiography with a large-scale electronic flat-panel detector vs. screen-film radiography: observer preference in clinical skeletal diagnostics","volume":"11","author":"Hamers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2492071734","article-title":"Detector or system? Extending the concept of detective quantum efficiency to characterize the performance of digital radiographic imaging systems","volume":"249","author":"Samei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4704500","article-title":"A comparison of digital radiography systems in terms of effective detective quantum efficiency","volume":"39","author":"Bertolini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0050","first-page":"345","article-title":"Determination of the antetorsion of the femur neck by means of two X-ray pictures","volume":"86","author":"Rippstein","year":"1955","journal-title":"Z. Orthop. Ihre Grenzgeb."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.34B2.181","article-title":"Anteversion of the neck of the femur; a method of measurement","volume":"34-B","author":"Dunn","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Br."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-014-2004-5","article-title":"Quality-controlled dose reduction of full-leg radiography in patients with knee malalignment","volume":"44","author":"Kloth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skelet. Radiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.02.001","article-title":"Pelvic X-ray examinations in follow-up of hip arthroplasty or femoral osteosynthesis\u2013dose reduction and quality criteria","volume":"84","author":"Kloth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1399559","article-title":"Radiation dose reduction in digital plain radiography of the knee after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"187","author":"Kloth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rofo"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0075","first-page":"48","article-title":"Modern digital plain-radiography of the whole spine in scoliosis patients\u2013dose reduction and quality criteria","volume":"185","author":"Kloth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rofo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0080","unstructured":"ACR, ACR-SPR Practice Guideline for Skeletal Surveys in Children, in: Radiology ACo (ed.) 2011."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0085","unstructured":"European-Commission. European guidelines on quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images in pediatrics in: Commission E (ed.) Report EUR 16261EN, 1996."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0090","unstructured":"German-Medical-Association. Guidelines for quality management in radiology, 2007."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1007\/s00117-010-2066-x","article-title":"Diagnostic reference levels for X-ray examinations: update 2010","volume":"50","author":"Veit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiologe"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.2307\/2529457","article-title":"Significance testing to establish equivalence between treatments, with special reference to data in the form of 2\u00d72 tables","volume":"33","author":"Dunnett","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780091208","article-title":"Test statistics and sample size formulae for comparative binomial trials with null hypothesis of non-zero risk difference or non-unity relative risk","volume":"9","author":"Farrington","year":"1990","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.2307\/2529309","article-title":"A general methodology for the analysis of experiments with repeated measurement of categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Koch","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-963237","article-title":"Conversion coefficients for estimation of effective dose to patients from dose area product during fluoroscopy X-ray examinations","volume":"179","author":"Gosch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rofo"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10101335","article-title":"Image wisely: a campaign to increase awareness about adult radiation protection","volume":"257","author":"Brink","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199705000-00004","article-title":"Severin classification system for evaluation of the results of operative treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. A study of intraobserver and interobserver reliability","volume":"79","author":"Ward","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2422051937","article-title":"Increased diagnostic information and understanding disease: uncertainty in the diagnosis of developmental hip dysplasia","volume":"242","author":"Roposch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"842","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.71.842.9579183","article-title":"Digital radiography in paediatrics: radiation dose considerations and magnitude of possible dose reduction","volume":"71","author":"Hufton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/33\/3\/621","article-title":"Paediatric X-ray radiation dose reduction and image quality analysis","volume":"33","author":"Martin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Radiol. Prot."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-013-1600-0","article-title":"Comparison of radiation dose, workflow, patient comfort and financial break-even of standard digital radiography and a novel biplanar low-dose X-ray system for upright full-length lower limb and whole spine radiography","volume":"42","author":"Dietrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Skelet. Radiol."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0720048X15301601?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0720048X15301601?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T16:49:20Z","timestamp":1567356560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0720048X15301601"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0720048X15301601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0720-048X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0720-048X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Quality-controlled dose-reduction of pelvic X-ray examinations in infants with hip dysplasia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.11.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}