{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:06:59Z","timestamp":1777622819122,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ejves.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T22:56:34Z","timestamp":1594421794000},"page":"339-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Natural History of Non-operative Management in Asymptomatic Patients with 70%\u201380% Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis by Duplex Criteria"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keyona E.","family":"Pointer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mallika","family":"Gopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alik","family":"Farber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas W.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert T.","family":"Eberhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Kalish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad H.","family":"Eslami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Rybin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Siracuse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.07.031","article-title":"Updated Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines for management of extracranial carotid disease","volume":"54","author":"Ricotta","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61197-X","article-title":"10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): a multicentre randomised trial","volume":"376","author":"Halliday","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0912321","article-title":"Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis","volume":"363","author":"Brott","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1515706","article-title":"Randomized trial of stent versus surgery for asymptomatic carotid stenosis","volume":"374","author":"Rosenfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2017.05.008","article-title":"Medical management of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis","volume":"59","author":"Aday","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3288","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.003390","article-title":"Systematic review of guidelines for the management of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid stenosis","volume":"46","author":"Abbott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.06.085","article-title":"Best evidence for medical therapy for carotid artery stenosis","volume":"58","author":"Constantinou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-017-0786-2","article-title":"Carotid artery stenosis: medical therapy, surgery, and stenting","volume":"17","author":"Dharmakidari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002","article-title":"Progression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis despite optimal medical therapy","volume":"58","author":"Conrad","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.05.047","article-title":"The natural history of asymptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis","volume":"60","author":"Conrad","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.08.056","article-title":"Development of a duplex-derived velocity risk prediction model of disease progression in patients with moderate asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis","volume":"60","author":"Hicks","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2018.01.064","article-title":"Risk factor profile and anatomic features of previously asymptomatic patients presenting with carotid-related stroke","volume":"68","author":"Klarin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2005.04.031","article-title":"Severity of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric ischaemic events: results from the ACSRS study","volume":"30","author":"Nicolaides","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1159\/000439179","article-title":"Asymptomatic carotid stenosis: risk of progression and development of symptoms","volume":"40","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3496","article-title":"National patterns of carotid revascularization before and after the carotid revascularization endarterectomy vs stenting trial (CREST)","volume":"75","author":"Otite","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2017.01.012","article-title":"Editor's Choice \u2013 carotid stenosis treatment: variation in international practice patterns","volume":"53","author":"Venermo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.02.025","article-title":"The association of carotid revascularization endarterectomy versus stent trial (CREST) and centers for medicare and medicaid services carotid guideline publication on utilization and outcomes of carotid stenting among \u201chigh-risk\u201d patients","volume":"66","author":"Salzler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-014-2166-x","article-title":"Carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting: changing paradigm during 10 years in a high-volume centre","volume":"156","author":"Bradac","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.11.2352","article-title":"Changes over time in optimal duplex threshold for the identification of patients eligible for carotid endarterectomy","volume":"29","author":"Elgersma","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.01.023","article-title":"Regional variation in patient selection and treatment for carotid artery disease in the Vascular Quality Initiative","volume":"66","author":"Shean","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2016.11.028","article-title":"Carotid endarterectomy should not be based on consensus statement duplex velocity criteria","volume":"65","author":"Columbo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.04.438","article-title":"National variation in preoperative imaging, carotid duplex ultrasound criteria, and threshold for surgery for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis","volume":"62","author":"Arous","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.12882","article-title":"Carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting in the US Medicare population, 1999\u20132014","volume":"318","author":"Lichtman","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(93)90019-I","article-title":"Correlation of North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) angiographic definition of 70% to 99% internal carotid artery stenosis with duplex scanning","volume":"17","author":"Moneta","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2292030516","article-title":"Carotid artery stenosis: gray-scale and Doppler US diagnosis \u2013 society of radiologists in ultrasound consensus conference","volume":"229","author":"Grant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.02.035","article-title":"Most patients experiencing 30-day postoperative stroke after carotid endarterectomy will initially experience disability","volume":"70","author":"Levin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.04.037","article-title":"Natural history of asymptomatic moderate carotid artery stenosis in the era of medical therapy","volume":"91","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-9-201305070-00007","article-title":"Management strategies for asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"158","author":"Raman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2019.02.005","article-title":"Five year outcomes in men screened for carotid artery stenosis at 65 years of age: a population based cohort study","volume":"57","author":"H\u00f6gberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319715624526","article-title":"Definition of best medical treatment in asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery stenosis","volume":"67","author":"Paraskevas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.06.115","article-title":"Long-term mortality in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis: implications for statin therapy","volume":"50","author":"Giannopoulos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.10.002","article-title":"Revascularization of asymptomatic carotid stenosis is not appropriate in patients on dialysis","volume":"61","author":"Yuo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2017.06.021","article-title":"Editor's choice \u2013 management of atherosclerotic carotid and vertebral artery disease: 2017 clinical practice guidelines of the European society for vascular surgery (ESVS)","volume":"55","author":"Naylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1078588420305128?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1078588420305128?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T11:53:33Z","timestamp":1761047613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1078588420305128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1078588420305128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-5884"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-5884","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Natural History of Non-operative Management in Asymptomatic Patients with 70%\u201380% Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis by Duplex Criteria","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.05.039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}