{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:37:54Z","timestamp":1759365474716,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","jwfo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T12:31:00Z","timestamp":1751545860000},"page":"274-279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anteroposterior displacements of the jaws and incisors relative to the forehead during growth: A longitudinal cephalometric analysis of untreated subjects with Class I occlusions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4754-9216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Will A.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Rudmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.2319\/0003-3219(2008)078[0662:AROTMC]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"AP relationship of the maxillary central incisors to the forehead in adult white females","volume":"78","author":"Andrews","year":"2008","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.11.025","article-title":"The effects of computer-aided anteroposterior maxillary incisor movement on ratings of facial attractiveness","volume":"127","author":"Schlosser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2319\/033110-181.1","article-title":"Effect of maxillary incisor labiolingual inclination and anteroposterior position on smiling profile esthetics","volume":"81","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.11607\/ortho.906","article-title":"Anteroposterior relationship of the maxillary central incisors to the forehead in adult white males","volume":"14","author":"Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthodontics (Chic.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1177\/0974909820140307","article-title":"Evaluation of anteroposterior relationship of maxillary central incisors to a soft tissue plane in profile analysis","volume":"48","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Indian Ortho Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2018.03.013","article-title":"Evaluation of Andrews\u2019 analysis as a predictor of ideal sagittal maxillary positioning in orthognathic surgery","volume":"76","author":"Resnick","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.2319\/120517-833.1","article-title":"Optimal antero-posterior position of the maxillary central incisors and its relationship to the forehead in adult African American females","volume":"89","author":"Gidaly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.25259\/APOS_66_2022","article-title":"Anteroposterior relationship of the maxillary central incisors to the forehead in adult Chinese females","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"APOS Trends in Orthodontics"},{"year":"1982","series-title":"Handbook of facial growth","author":"Enlow","key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330290217","article-title":"The use of metallic implants in the study of facial growth in children; method and application","volume":"29","author":"Bjork","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthrop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(69)90036-0","article-title":"Prediction of mandibular growth rotation","volume":"55","author":"Bjork","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(84)90028-9","article-title":"Prediction of mandibular growth rotation evaluated from a longitudinal implant sample","volume":"86","author":"Skieller","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2017.07.001","article-title":"Guidelines for assessing the growth and development of orthodontic patients","volume":"23","author":"Buschang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90393-3","article-title":"Cephalometric superimposition on the cranial base: a review and comparison of four methods","volume":"91","author":"Ghafari","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330290217","article-title":"The use of metallic implants in the study of facial growth in children: method and application","volume":"29","author":"Bjork","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0016","first-page":"15","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of the facial soft tissue changes that occur postoperatively in orthognathic patients","volume":"7","author":"Day","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.02.022","article-title":"Facial soft-tissue changes in skeletal class III orthognathic surgery patients analyzed with 3-dimensional laser scanning","volume":"138","author":"Baik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.022","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of soft tissue changes associated with bone-anchored maxillary protraction protocols","volume":"152","author":"Elnagar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.01.037","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of facial morphology surface changes in untreated children from 12 to 14 years of age","volume":"134","author":"Kau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0020","first-page":"360","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of facial soft tissue after orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal class III and asymmetry","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Korean Assoc Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_158_21","article-title":"Statistical significance or clinical significance? A researcher\u2019s dilemma for appropriate interpretation of research results","volume":"15","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(00)70237-X","article-title":"Dental and facial skeletal characteristics and growth of males and females with class II, division 1 malocclusion between the ages of 10 and 14 (revisited)-part I: characteristics of size, form, and position","volume":"117","author":"Rothstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.2319\/042110-215.1","article-title":"Age-related changes of the soft tissue profile from the second to the fourth decades of life","volume":"81","author":"Torlakovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70053-7","article-title":"Frontal sinus development as an indicator for somatic maturity at puberty?","volume":"110","author":"Ruf","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70204-5","article-title":"The spheno-occipital synchondrosis: the missing link between the profession\u2019s concept of craniofacial growth and orthodontic treatment","volume":"114","author":"Coben","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0026","first-page":"199","article-title":"Childhood and adolescent changes of skeletal relationships","volume":"68","author":"Buschang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(55)90153-6","article-title":"The integration of facial skeletal variants: a serial cephalometric roentgenographic analysis of craniofacial form and growth","volume":"41","author":"Coben","year":"1955","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0028","first-page":"437","article-title":"Condylar growth and glenoid fossa displacement during childhood and adolescence","volume":"113","author":"Buschang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.06.028","article-title":"Longitudinal growth changes in untreated subjects with class II division 1 malocclusion","volume":"134","author":"Stahl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.07.031","article-title":"Circumpubertal maxillomandibular growth in untreated subjects with skeletal class II relationship: a controlled longitudinal study according to the third finger middle phalanx maturation","volume":"162","author":"Perinetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(97)80055-2","article-title":"Longitudinal evaluation of growth changes in class II division 1 subjects","volume":"3","author":"Ngan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.10.023","article-title":"Comparison of craniofacial growth of untreated class I and class II girls from ages 9 to 18 years: a longitudinal study","volume":"147","author":"Yoon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.033","article-title":"Dentofacial growth changes in subjects with untreated class II malocclusion from late puberty through young adulthood","volume":"135","author":"Baccetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006_bib0034","first-page":"55","article-title":"Changes in dentofacial structures in untreated class II division 1 and normal subjects: a longitudinal study","volume":"67","author":"Bishara","year":"1997","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"}],"container-title":["Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212443825000384?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212443825000384?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T07:39:51Z","timestamp":1759304391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212443825000384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2212443825000384"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-4438"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2212-4438"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Anteroposterior displacements of the jaws and incisors relative to the forehead during growth: A longitudinal cephalometric analysis of untreated subjects with Class I occlusions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejwf.2025.05.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 World Federation of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}