{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:29:03Z","timestamp":1793831343651,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSH250-2019-00001C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSH250-2019-00001C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kireports.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney International Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T21:03:50Z","timestamp":1647983030000},"page":"1289-1305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Nondirected Living Kidney Donation and Recipient Outcomes in the United States: A 20-Year Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6202-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Y.","family":"Jan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad S.","family":"Yaqub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwafisayo O.","family":"Adebiyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim E.","family":"Taber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa D.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis P.","family":"Mishler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather N.","family":"Burney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asif A.","family":"Sharfuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182129236","article-title":"New classification of ELPAT for living organ donation","volume":"91","author":"Dor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000340","article-title":"Motivations, outcomes,\u00a0and characteristics of unspecified (nondirected altruistic) kidney donors in the United Kingdom","volume":"98","author":"Maple","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e406","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000000847","article-title":"Recipient outcomes from nondirected live kidney donors: a UK-based cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Nath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplant Direct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31820dd2bd","article-title":"Altruistic\u00a0kidney donation to a stranger: psychosocial and functional outcomes at two US transplant centers","volume":"91","author":"Rodrigue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00478.x","article-title":"Twenty-two nondirected kidney donors: an update on a single center\u2019s experience","volume":"4","author":"Jacobs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2007.00785.x","article-title":"Nondirected living kidney donation: experiences in a Swedish transplant centre","volume":"22","author":"Lennerling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2018.07.020","article-title":"Socioeconomic status in non-directed and voucher-based living kidney donation","volume":"4","author":"Nassiri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"021","DOI":"10.23937\/2572-4045.1510021","article-title":"Anonymous altruistic living kidney donation in the US: reality and practice","volume":"2","author":"Kazley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Transplant Res Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.01921.x","article-title":"Evaluating living kidney donors: relationship types, psychosocial criteria, and consent processes at US transplant programs","volume":"7","author":"Rodrigue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198908000-00012","article-title":"Unconventional living kidney donors--attitudes and use among transplant centers","volume":"48","author":"Spital","year":"1989","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.01148.x","article-title":"Altruistic living donors: evaluation for nondirected kidney or liver donation","volume":"6","author":"Jendrisak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e152","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000000664","article-title":"The risk of transplant failure with HLA mismatch in first adult kidney allografts 2: living donors, summary, guide","volume":"3","author":"Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant Direct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000944","article-title":"Reassessing preemptive kidney transplantation in the United States: are we making progress?","volume":"100","author":"Jay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2011.11.057","article-title":"Delayed graft function in living-donor renal transplantation: 10-year experience","volume":"44","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12696","article-title":"Predictors and outcomes of delayed graft function after living-donor kidney transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Redfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-020-02687-5","article-title":"Risk factors for delayed graft function and their impact on graft outcomes in live donor kidney transplantation","volume":"53","author":"Damodaran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq383","article-title":"Effect of donor\u2013recipient age difference on graft function and survival in live-donor kidney transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Ferrari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0655-8","article-title":"Effect of donor-recipient age difference on long-term graft survival in living kidney transplantation","volume":"46","author":"Tasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.256844","article-title":"Impact of age and gender matching on long-term graft function and actual graft survival in live-related renal transplantation: retrospective study from Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Pakistan","volume":"30","author":"Shahani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2011.12.013","article-title":"Donor-recipient age difference and graft survival in living donor kidney transplantation","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S455","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000543249.46167.b6","article-title":"The impact of donor\/recipient age difference and HLA matching on graft outcome in pediatric kidney transplantation","volume":"102","author":"Trnka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-019-1670-x","article-title":"Impact of the donor-recipient gender matching on the graft survival from live donors [published correction appears in BMC Nephrol. 2020;21:487]","volume":"21","author":"Naderi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2009.12.032","article-title":"Donor-recipient gender and size mismatch affects graft success after kidney transplantation","volume":"210","author":"McGee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2012.07.004","article-title":"Donor-recipient sex mismatch in kidney transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gend Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31817352b9","article-title":"H-Y antibody development associates with acute rejection in female patients with male kidney transplants","volume":"86","author":"Tan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000049033","article-title":"Effects of sex on renal structure","volume":"90","author":"Neugarten","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004030209","article-title":"Impact of graft mass on the clinical outcome of kidney transplants","volume":"16","author":"Giral","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07660716","article-title":"Donor-recipient weight and sex mismatch and the risk of graft loss in renal transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2011.12.005","article-title":"Does donor kidney to recipient body weight ratio influence long-term outcomes of living-donor kidney transplantation?","volume":"44","author":"Hwang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540210040031","article-title":"Antigen-independent determinants of cadaveric kidney transplant failure","volume":"276","author":"Chertow","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Kidney International Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468024922012311?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468024922012311?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T03:40:26Z","timestamp":1762832426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468024922012311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S2468024922012311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-0249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-0249","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nondirected Living Kidney Donation and Recipient Outcomes in the United States: A 20-Year Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Kidney International Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier, Inc., on behalf of the International Society of Nephrology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}