{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T09:48:00Z","timestamp":1785750480872,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014234","name":"Korean Society of Nephrology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014234","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kireports.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney International Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T18:04:23Z","timestamp":1779300263000},"page":"106601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["K-SALT Equation for Urinary Sodium Estimation in CKD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Semin","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayne Cho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woo Yeong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seo Rin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sihyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung Hee","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Heon","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin Young","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Nam","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jangwook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung Sik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haekyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunjeong","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seun Deuk","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Ho","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji In","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeong Cheon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Yong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015010022","article-title":"Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and CKD progression","volume":"27","author":"He","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib2","article-title":"Altered dietary salt intake for people with chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"McMahon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.21.203","article-title":"Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction","volume":"41","author":"Iseki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.11.003","article-title":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Blood Pressure Work G. KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease","volume":"99","author":"Cheung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt066","article-title":"Estimating 24-hour urinary sodium excretion from casual urinary sodium concentrations in Western populations: the INTERSALT study","volume":"177","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1993.tb01496.x","article-title":"A simple method for estimating 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion from second morning voiding urine specimen in adults","volume":"20","author":"Kawasaki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001307","article-title":"A simple method to estimate populational 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion using a casual urine specimen","volume":"16","author":"Tanaka","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5935\/0101-2800.20170004","article-title":"Formula to detect high sodium excretion from spot urine in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"39","author":"Nerbass","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bras Nefrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2021.15.3.382","article-title":"Trends in sodium intake and major contributing food groups and dishes in Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey 2013\u20132017","volume":"15","author":"Jeong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260242","article-title":"The dietary intake of chronic kidney disease according to stages: findings from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7562357","article-title":"Total body sodium balance in chronic kidney disease","volume":"2021","author":"Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2017.08.001","article-title":"Sodium homeostasis in chronic kidney disease","volume":"24","author":"Soi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.23.232","article-title":"Kidney Health Plan 2033 in Korea: bridging the gap between the present and the future","volume":"43","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1159\/000502013","article-title":"Development and validation of equations to Estimate 24-H urinary sodium excretion from urine samples of patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"143","author":"De Vico Ribeiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002769","article-title":"Validity of five formulas in estimating 24-h urinary sodium via spot urine sampling in hypertensive patients living in Northeast China","volume":"39","author":"Qian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib17","article-title":"Validity of predictive equations for 24-h urinary sodium excretion at the population and individual levels among Chinese adults aged 18\u201369 years","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109794","article-title":"24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk","volume":"386","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-02089-5","article-title":"Nutrition and hypertension Researches in 2023: focus on salt intake and blood pressure","volume":"48","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00533-0","article-title":"The impact of excessive salt intake on human health","volume":"18","author":"Hunter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa107","article-title":"Measured sodium excretion is associated with CKD progression: results from the KNOW-CKD study","volume":"36","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2010.00752.x","article-title":"Dietary sodium in chronic kidney disease: a comprehensive approach","volume":"23","author":"Wright","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpv076","article-title":"Measuring sodium intake in populations: simple is best?","volume":"28","author":"Mente","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.30.887","article-title":"Report of the Working Group for Dietary Salt Reduction of the Japanese Society of Hypertension: (2) Assessment of salt intake in the management of hypertension","volume":"30","author":"Kawano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.23876\/j.krcp.23.142","article-title":"Personalized nutritional management in the transition from non-dialysis ependent chronic kidney disease to dialysis","volume":"43","author":"Narasaki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Kidney International Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468024926028330?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468024926028330?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T09:29:47Z","timestamp":1785749387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468024926028330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2468024926028330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-0249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-0249","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"K-SALT Equation for Urinary Sodium Estimation in CKD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Kidney International Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2026.106601","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the International Society of Nephrology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106601"}}