{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:14:40Z","timestamp":1790662480503,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T02:32:59Z","timestamp":1395282779000},"page":"277-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Danielle","family":"Devereaux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Semhar Z.","family":"Tewelde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0417","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists","volume":"21","author":"Bahn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib2","series-title":"Williams textbook of endocrinology","first-page":"374","article-title":"Thyrotoxicosis","author":"Larsen","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib3","series-title":"Harrison\u2019s principles of internal medicine","first-page":"2060","article-title":"Disorders of the thyroid gland","author":"Jameson","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the elderly","volume":"1","author":"Glauser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Med Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2009.0181","article-title":"Thyroid storm with multiorgan failure","volume":"20","author":"Chong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8182","article-title":"Serum TSH, T3 and thyroid antibodies in the United States Population (1988\u20131994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)","volume":"87","author":"Hollowell","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib7","unstructured":"Lee S. Hyperthyroidism. 2013. Emedicine. Available at: http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/121865-overview. Accessed August 1, 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib8","series-title":"Rosen\u2019s emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice","first-page":"1770","article-title":"Selected endocrine disorders","author":"Wogan","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib9","series-title":"Werner\u2019s & Ingbar\u2019s the thyroid","first-page":"109","article-title":"Intracellular pathways of iodothyronine metabolism","author":"Bianco","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1998.8.83","article-title":"Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism: occurrence and epidemiology","volume":"8","author":"Stanbury","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80614-X","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease: an analysis of thyroid hormone levels and hyperthyroid signs and symptoms","volume":"87","author":"Trzepacz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2495","article-title":"Older subjects with hyperthyroidism present with a paucity of symptoms and signs: a large cross sectional study","volume":"95","author":"Boelaert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib13","first-page":"619","article-title":"Neurologic complications of thyroid dysfunction","volume":"19","author":"Kudrjavcev","year":"1978","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2009.816","article-title":"Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: a case report and literature review","volume":"7","author":"Barahona","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960230605","article-title":"Hyperthyroid heart disease","volume":"23","author":"Fadel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678326","article-title":"Thyroid heart disease","volume":"116","author":"Klein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-73-1-146","article-title":"Enhanced left ventricular diastolic function in hyperthyroidism: noninvasive assessment and response to treatment","volume":"73","author":"Mintz","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2012.01.006","article-title":"Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system","volume":"96","author":"Danzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1161\/hc5001.100621","article-title":"Impact of hyperthyroidism and its correction on vascular reactivity on humans","volume":"104","author":"Napoli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.84.4.455","article-title":"Thyroid disease and the heart","volume":"84","author":"Toft","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-008-0026-9","article-title":"Thyrotoxic cardiac disease","volume":"5","author":"Dahl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198211043071901","article-title":"Abnormal left ventricular function in hyperthyroidism: evidence for a possible reversible cardiomyopathy","volume":"307","author":"Forfar","year":"1982","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.917922","article-title":"Thyroid replacement therapy and heart failure","volume":"122","author":"Gerdes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000048124.64204.3F","article-title":"Low-T3 syndrome: a strong prognostic predictor of death in patient with heart disease","volume":"107","author":"Iervasi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90462-X","article-title":"Altered thyroid hormone metabolism in advanced heart disease","volume":"16","author":"Hamilton","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib26","first-page":"240","article-title":"The effects of amiodarone on the thyroid","volume":"22","author":"Martino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2009.225","article-title":"Effects of amiodarone on thyroid function","volume":"6","author":"Cohen-Lehman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021874","article-title":"Treatment of type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis by either iopanoic acid or glucocorticoids: a prospective, randomized study","volume":"88","author":"Bogazzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502760143926","article-title":"Thyroidectomy using local anesthesia in critically ill patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis: a review and description of the technique","volume":"12","author":"Williams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib30","series-title":"Harrison\u2019s principles of internal medicine","first-page":"1692","article-title":"Diseases of the thyroid","author":"Wartofsky","year":"1991"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib31","first-page":"4555","article-title":"Thyroid storm with rare cardiac presentations, 10 year intensive care unit experience: case series","volume":"9","author":"Waleed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Life Sciences Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30165-8","article-title":"Life-threatening hyperthyroidism: thyroid storm","volume":"22","author":"Burch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2005.03.002","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism","volume":"23","author":"Mckeown","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.677","article-title":"Association between iodinated contrast media exposure and incident hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism","volume":"172","author":"Rhee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra042972","article-title":"Antithyroid drugs","volume":"352","author":"Cooper","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(99)70406-3","article-title":"Clinical policy for the initial approach to patients presenting with altered mental status","volume":"33","author":"American College of Emergency Physicians","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733862713001314?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733862713001314?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T14:19:49Z","timestamp":1565273989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733862713001314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733862713001314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.emc.2013.12.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8627"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8627","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}}}