{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:41:35Z","timestamp":1792701695144,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T02:28:39Z","timestamp":1690511319000},"page":"13-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Management of the Agitated Patient"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"McCoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.06.001","article-title":"The Characteristics and Prevalence of Agitation in an Urban County Emergency Department","volume":"72","author":"Miner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2011.9.6864","article-title":"Verbal de-escalation of the agitated patient: consensus statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA De-escalation Workgroup","volume":"13","author":"Richmond","year":"2012","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2011.9.6865","article-title":"Overview of Project BETA: Best practices in Evaluation and Treatment of Agitation","volume":"13","author":"Holloman","year":"2012","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-6757(97)90045-0","article-title":"Public perception of safety and metal detectors in an urban emergency department","volume":"15","author":"McNamara","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.06.020","article-title":"Physical Restraint Use in Adult Patients Presenting to a General Emergency Department","volume":"73","author":"Wong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.09.009","article-title":"Risk for physical restraint or seclusion in the psychiatric emergency service (PES)","volume":"36","author":"Simpson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(98)00027-3","article-title":"Survey findings describing the use of physical restraints in nursing homes in Victoria, Australia","volume":"35","author":"Retsas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(97)70072-6","article-title":"Restraint position and positional asphyxia","volume":"30","author":"Chan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib9","first-page":"854","article-title":"Are Oral Medications Effective in the Management of Acute Agitation?","volume":"43","author":"Gault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of EM"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2014.12.024","article-title":"American Academy of Emergency Medicine Position Statement: Safety of Droperidol Use in the Emergency Department","volume":"49","author":"Perkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib11","first-page":"CD002830","article-title":"Droperidol for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation","volume":"12","author":"Khokhar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(05)82660-5","article-title":"Droperidol versus haloperidol for chemical restraint of agitated and combative patients","volume":"21","author":"Thomas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib13","first-page":"1001","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin: Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists number 92, April 2008 (replaces practice bulletin number 87, November 2007). Use of psychiatric medications during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"111","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900025487","article-title":"Best clinical practice with ziprasidone IM: update after 2 years of experience","volume":"10","author":"Zimbroff","year":"2005","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200216090-00005","article-title":"Spotlight on ziprasidone in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder","volume":"16","author":"Gunasekara","year":"2002","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.14124","article-title":"Randomized Double-blind Trial of Intramuscular Droperidol, Ziprasidone, and Lorazepam for Acute Undifferentiated Agitation in the Emergency Department","volume":"28","author":"Martel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib17","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Management of acute undifferentiated agitation in the emergency department: a randomized double-blind trial of droperidol, ziprasidone, and midazolam [published correction appears in Acad Emerg Med. 2006 Feb;13(2):233","volume":"12","author":"Martel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2018.12.036","article-title":"Rescue Sedation When Treating Acute Agitation in the Emergency Department With Intramuscular Antipsychotics","volume":"56","author":"Klein","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028019831634","article-title":"Intravenous Olanzapine for the Management of Agitation: Review of the Literature","volume":"53","author":"Khorassani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2005.09.021","article-title":"The use of intramuscular benzodiazpines and antipsychotic agents in the treatment of acute agtitation or violence in the emergency department","volume":"31","author":"Rund","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib21","first-page":"1163","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of atypical antipsychotics: an update","volume":"13","author":"Mauri","year":"2014","journal-title":"EXCLI J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.13.1177.38089","article-title":"Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines: literature review and treatment options","volume":"24","author":"Mancuso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib23","first-page":"744","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective, double-blind, randomized trial of midazolam versus haloperidol versus lorazepam in the chemical restraint of violent and severely agitated patients","volume":"11","author":"Nobay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.07.118","article-title":"Intravenous droperidol or olanzapine as an adjunct to midazolam for the acutely agitated patient: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"61","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib25","article-title":"Benzodiazepine Shortages: A Recurrent Challenge in Need of a Solution [published online ahead of print, 2022 Nov 21]","author":"D Whitledge","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.02.026","article-title":"Ketamine as a first-line treatment for severely agitated emergency department patients","volume":"35","author":"Riddell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2021.05.023","article-title":"Rapid Agitation Control With Ketamine in the Emergency Department: A Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"78","author":"Barbic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013","article-title":"Efficacy of ketamine for initial control of acute agitation in the emergency department: A randomized study","volume":"44","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2007.12.005","article-title":"Adverse events associated with ketamine for procedural sedation in adults [published correction appears in Am J Emerg Med. 2009 May;27(4):512","volume":"26","author":"Strayer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-133X(94)00131-I","article-title":"Subanesthetic doses of ketamine stimulate psychosis in schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Lahti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.10.011","article-title":"Evidence-Based Review of Pharmacotherapy for Acute Agitation. Part 1: Onset of Efficacy","volume":"54","author":"Zun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12654","article-title":"The effectiveness of chemical restraint in managing acute agitation and aggression: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"29","author":"Muir-Cochrane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.04.027","article-title":"Intramuscular Midazolam, Olanzapine, Ziprasidone, or Haloperidol for Treating Acute Agitation in the Emergency Department","volume":"72","author":"Klein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.150227","article-title":"Droperidol v. haloperidol for sedation of aggressive behaviour in acute mental health: randomised controlled trial","volume":"206","author":"Calver","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-6757(97)90119-4","article-title":"Haloperidol, lorazepam, or both for psychotic agitation? A multicenter, prospective, double-blind, emergency department study","volume":"15","author":"Battaglia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03827.x","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind study of lorazepam versus the combination of haloperidol and lorazepam in managing agitation","volume":"18","author":"Bieniek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11468","article-title":"Effect of Lorazepam With Haloperidol vs Haloperidol Alone on Agitated Delirium in Patients With Advanced Cancer Receiving Palliative Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"318","author":"Hui","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.07.033","article-title":"Midazolam-Droperidol, Droperidol, or Olanzapine for Acute Agitation: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"69","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2022.02.042","article-title":"Prospective study of haloperidol plus lorazepam versus droperidol plus midazolam for the treatment of acute agitation in the emergency department","volume":"55","author":"Thiemann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.01.009","article-title":"Efficacy of Combination Haloperidol, Lorazepam, and Diphenhydramine vs. Combination Haloperidol and Lorazepam in the Treatment of Acute Agitation: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"62","author":"Jeffers","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12282","article-title":"Trends in pediatric visits to the emergency department for psychiatric illnesses","volume":"21","author":"Pittsenbarger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20182192","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-2192","article-title":"Trends in Psychiatric Emergency Department Visits Among Youth and Young Adults in the US","volume":"143","author":"Kalb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490712200108","article-title":"Trends in mental health and chronic condition visits by children presenting for care at U.S. emergency departments","volume":"122","author":"Grupp-Phelan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2017.05.009","article-title":"Special Considerations in the Pediatric Psychiatric Population","volume":"40","author":"Santillanes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib45","first-page":"71426","article-title":"Condition of participation: patient's rights","volume":"482","author":"Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000377","article-title":"Psychiatric emergencies in pregnancy and postpartum","volume":"61","author":"Rodriguez-Cabezas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2017.05.017","article-title":"Behavioral emergencies: special considerations in the pregnant patient","volume":"40","author":"Aftab","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib48","first-page":"36","article-title":"The potential risks of commonly prescribed antipsychotics: during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"2","author":"Iqbal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2015.1041501","article-title":"Antipsychotic use in pregnancy","volume":"16","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/00131746-200511001-00002","article-title":"Expert Consensus Panel for Behavioral Emergencies 2005. The expert consensus guideline series. Treatment of behavioral emergencies 2005","volume":"11","author":"Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychiatr Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2019.07.023","article-title":"Managing Delirium and Agitation in the Older Emergency Department Patient: The ADEPT Tool","volume":"75","author":"Shenvi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13702","article-title":"By the American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2015\u00a0Updated Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults","volume":"63","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2005.012708","article-title":"Use of physical restraint in nursing homes: clinical-ethical considerations","volume":"32","author":"Gastmans","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Ethics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.56.9.1123","article-title":"Patients' reports of traumatic or harmful experiences within the psychiatric setting","volume":"56","author":"Frueh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"}],"container-title":["Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733862723000597?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733862723000597?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T10:39:55Z","timestamp":1760006395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733862723000597"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733862723000597"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8627"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8627","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Management of the Agitated Patient","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}