{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:14:52Z","timestamp":1791339292877,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["L'Enc\u00e9phale"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T08:43:30Z","timestamp":1238575410000},"page":"554-559","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fr\u00e9quence et facteurs de risque du jeu pathologique chez une population de joueurs \u00e0 Casablanca"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Berrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Rachidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. El","family":"Gnaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Agoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Moussaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Battas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib1","series-title":"D\u00e9pendance et conduites de d\u00e9pendance","first-page":"147","article-title":"Conduites de d\u00e9pendance et recherche de sensations","author":"Ad\u00e9s","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib2","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib3","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(99)00048-9","article-title":"Gambling and alcohol use among youth: Influences of demographic, socialization, and individual factors","volume":"24","author":"Barnes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01539173","article-title":"Prevalence surveys of problem and pathological gambling in Europe: The cases of Germany, Holland, and Spain","volume":"12","author":"Becona","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Gambl Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib6","series-title":"The principles and practise of addictions in psychiatry","first-page":"422","article-title":"Pathological gambling","author":"Blume","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2004.09.002","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of pathological gambling: results from the St. Louis personality, health and lifestyle (SLPHL) study","volume":"39","author":"Cunningham-Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib8","unstructured":"Epi info 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Organization (USA) et Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9 (Suisse), 2000."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib9","series-title":"Adolescent gambling","author":"Griffiths","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023053630588","article-title":"Gambling technologies: Prospects for problem gambling","volume":"15","author":"Griffiths","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gambl Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.10.1733","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity in pathological gamblers seeking treatment","volume":"158","author":"Ibanez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0311","article-title":"Gender differences in pathological gambling","volume":"64","author":"Ibanez","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0908","article-title":"Suicide attempts among veterans seeking treatment for pathological gambling","volume":"64","author":"Kausch","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200111000-00007","article-title":"Cognitive treatment of pathological gambling","volume":"189","author":"Ladouceur","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nerv Mental Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370505000804","article-title":"Prevalence of pathological gambling in Quebec in 2002","volume":"50","author":"Ladouceur","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.9.1184","article-title":"The South Oaks Gambling Screen: a new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers","volume":"144","author":"Lesieur","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.2001.01005.x","article-title":"A pathological gambling and comorbid substance use","volume":"36","author":"Maccallum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aut N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2004.03.023","article-title":"Pathological gambling, gender, and risk-taking behaviours","volume":"29","author":"Martins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.9.1369","article-title":"Estimating the prevalence of disordered gambling behavior in the United States and Canada: a research synthesis","volume":"89","author":"Shaffer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib20","series-title":"Gambling and problem gambling in Alberta","author":"Smith","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.12.040","article-title":"Pathological gambling and mood disorders: Clinical associations and treatment implications","volume":"92","author":"Suck Won Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2001.62.706","article-title":"J. Alcohol and gambling pathology among U.S. adults: Prevalence, demographic patterns and comorbidity","volume":"62","author":"Welte","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2003.08.007","article-title":"Risk factors for pathological gambling","volume":"29","author":"Welte","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addict Behav"}],"container-title":["L'Enc\u00e9phale"],"original-title":[],"language":"fr","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013700608002698?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013700608002698?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,19]],"date-time":"2019-05-19T06:59:34Z","timestamp":1558249174000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013700608002698"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0013700608002698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.encep.2008.08.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-7006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-7006","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}