{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T19:53:27Z","timestamp":1785700407944,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["L'Enc\u00e9phale"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T21:37:22Z","timestamp":1775684242000},"page":"400-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A naturalistic study on anaesthesia awareness during electroconvulsive therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Camille","family":"Rouvi\u00e8re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Dumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Bulteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Sauvaget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Laurin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03019434","volume":"28","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"361","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0200","first-page":"527","article-title":"Les effets neuroplastiques de La sismoth\u00e9rapie","volume":"77","author":"Belge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Med Liege"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2017.28","article-title":"Prediction of electroconvulsive therapy response and remission in major depression: meta-analysis","volume":"212","author":"Van Diermen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0210","series-title":"Cochrane database of systematic reviews [Internet]","first-page":"CD000076","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia","author":"Tharyan","year":"2002"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2422738","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.22738","article-title":"Seizure duration and electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive disorder","volume":"7","author":"Gillving","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1353\/bhm.2020.0036","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy in the shadow of the gas chambers: medical innovation and human experimentation in Auschwitz","volume":"94","author":"Czech","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bull Hist Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.04.004","article-title":"Adverse effects of electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"39","author":"Andrade","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12721","article-title":"The mortality rate of electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and pooled analysis","volume":"135","author":"T\u00f8rring","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12721","article-title":"The mortality rate of electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and pooled analysis","volume":"135","author":"T\u00f8rring","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0240","first-page":"285","article-title":"Anesth\u00e9sie pour sismoth\u00e9rapie","volume":"28","author":"Hijazi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prat Anesth Reanim"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809102500111","article-title":"Clinical pharmacology of the neuromuscular blocking agents","volume":"25","author":"Larijani","year":"1991","journal-title":"DICP"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0250","article-title":"Single induction dose of etomidate versus other induction agents for endotracheal intubation in critically ill patients. Cochrane Emergency and Critical Care Group, \u00e9diteur","volume":"2018","author":"Bruder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000212","article-title":"Evaluation of etomidate for seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2019.10.007","article-title":"Anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"38","author":"Chawla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aew381","article-title":"Patient reported outcome of adult perioperative anaesthesia in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional observational study","volume":"117","author":"Walker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.03.013","article-title":"Rapid and efficient treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder induced by anaesthesia awareness with recall using reconsolidation therapy","volume":"130","author":"Laurin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes386","article-title":"Psychological impact of unexpected explicit recall of events occurring during surgery performed under sedation, regional anaesthesia, and general anaesthesia: data from the Anesthesia Awareness Registry","volume":"110","author":"Kent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2014.66.5.339","article-title":"Awareness and recall during general anesthesia","volume":"66","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000023","article-title":"Increased risk of intraoperative awareness in patients with a history of awareness","volume":"119","author":"Aranake","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-020-02764-0","article-title":"Preoperative cognitive impairment associated with oversedation during recovery from anesthesia","volume":"34","author":"Kruthiventi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000001157","article-title":"Perioperative and Periprocedural anesthetic management of opioid tolerant patients and patients with active and medically treated opioid use disorder","volume":"35","author":"Burns","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint13040062","article-title":"Anesthetic considerations for patients on psychotropic drug therapies","volume":"13","author":"Harbell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i89","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev103","article-title":"Premature awakening and underuse of neuromuscular monitoring in a registry of patients with butyrylcholinesterase deficiency","volume":"115","author":"Thomsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14545","article-title":"Butyrylcholinesterase deficiency and its clinical importance in anaesthesia: a systematic review","volume":"74","author":"Andersson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0315","article-title":"Intraoperative awareness in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in an academic center in the North of Iran","volume":"12","author":"Imantalab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Pain Med [Internet]"},{"issue":"161","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oxy.2018.05.011","article-title":"4. L\u2019indice bispectral (BIS)","volume":"31","author":"Boyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxymag"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31826904a6","article-title":"Prevention of intraoperative awareness with explicit recall in an unselected surgical population: a randomized comparative effectiveness trial","volume":"117","author":"Mashour","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0330","unstructured":"Sebel, P.S., Bowdle, T.A., Ghoneim, M.M., Rampil, I.J., Padilla, R.E., Gan, T.J., Domino, K.B., n.d. The Incidence of Awareness During Anesthesia: A Multicenter United States Study."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0537-19.2020","article-title":"Propofol modulates early memory consolidation in humans","volume":"7","author":"Moon","year":"2020","journal-title":"eneuro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0345","article-title":"Effects of propranolol, a \u03b2-noradrenergic antagonist, on memory consolidation and reconsolidation in mice","volume":"10","author":"Villain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0350","unstructured":"CIM-11. https:\/\/icd.who.int\/fr\/."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12956","article-title":"The International Trauma Questionnaire: development of a self-report measure of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD","volume":"138","author":"Cloitre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006_bib0370","unstructured":"Post-traumatic stress disorder. NICE Guidel [Internet]. [Disponible sur\u00a0: http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng116]."}],"container-title":["L'Enc\u00e9phale"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013700626000254?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013700626000254?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T19:28:11Z","timestamp":1785698891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013700626000254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0013700626000254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-7006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-7006","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A naturalistic study on anaesthesia awareness during electroconvulsive therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"L'Enc\u00e9phale","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.encep.2025.12.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 L'Enc\u00e9phale, Paris.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}