{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:02:03Z","timestamp":1791050523013,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,13]],"date-time":"2007-02-13T12:07:38Z","timestamp":1171368458000},"page":"391-396","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Assessment of environmental estrogens and the intersex\/sex reversal capacity for chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in primary and final municipal wastewater effluents"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Marc P.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela M.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Ikonomou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Devlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110881","article-title":"Chromosomal DNA markers for discrimination of chemical substance and effluent effects on sexual differentiation in salmon","volume":"110","author":"Afonso","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620070104","article-title":"Bisphenol A: acute aquatic toxicity","volume":"7","author":"Alexander","year":"1988","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2003.09.005","article-title":"Effects of water-borne 4-nonylphenol and 17\u03b2-estradiol exposures during parr-smolt transformation on growth and plasma IGF-I of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)","volume":"66","author":"Arsenault","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/0044-8486(88)90224-4","article-title":"Masculinization of Chinook salmon (Oncoryhnchus tshawytscha) by immersion treatments using 17\u03b1-methyltestosterone around the time of hatching","volume":"72","author":"Baker","year":"1988","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib5","series-title":"Endocrine disrupters in wastewater and sludge treatment processes","author":"Birkett","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1023\/B:EBFI.0000022889.36185.a1","article-title":"Temporal and spatial occurrence of female Chinook salmon carrying a male-specific genetic marker in the Columbia River watershed","volume":"69","author":"Chowen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Biol Fishces"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.97105734","article-title":"Evaluation of a recombinant yeast cell estrogen screening assay","volume":"105","author":"Coldham","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib8","series-title":"CSTEE opinion on human and wildlife health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals, with emphasis on wildlife and on ecotoxicology test methods. Report of the Working Group on Endocrine Disrupters of the Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE)of DG XXIV, Consumer Policy and Consumer Health Protection","author":"CSTEE","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01636565","article-title":"Masculinization of female mosquitofish by exposure to plant sterols and Mycobacterium smegmatis","volume":"35","author":"Denton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(02)00057-1","article-title":"Sex determination and sex differentiation in fish: an overview of genetic, physiological, and environmental influences","volume":"208","author":"Devlin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1139\/f91-190","article-title":"Isolation of Y-chromosomal DNA probe capable of determining genetic sex in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","volume":"48","author":"Devlin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013759802604","article-title":"Genetic mapping of Y-chromosomal DNA markers in Pacific salmon","volume":"111","author":"Devlin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1139\/f05-048","article-title":"Variation of Y-chromosomal DNA markers in chinook salmon populations","volume":"62","author":"Devlin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1993.12.739","article-title":"Genomic structure of growth hormone genes in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): presence of two functional genes, GH-I and GH-II, and a male specific pseudogene GH-?","volume":"12","author":"Du","year":"1993","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib15","first-page":"1082","article-title":"Induction of testis-ova in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to p-nonylphenol","volume":"16","author":"Gray","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib16","unstructured":"Ikonomou MG, Sheng-Suan C, Fernandez MP, Blair JD, Fischer M. Multi-residue analysis for EDCs in Wastewater by GC\u2013HRMS: characterization of EDCs in municipal and bleach kraft mill effluents. J Chromatogr; submitted for publication."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1021\/es9710870","article-title":"Widespread sexual disruption in wild fish","volume":"32","author":"Jobling","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-445X(03)00134-6","article-title":"Comparative responses of molluscs and fish to environmental estrogens and an estrogenic effluent","volume":"65","author":"Jobling","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4697","DOI":"10.1021\/es010171j","article-title":"Removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in activated sludge treatment works","volume":"35","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3047","DOI":"10.1021\/es0351488","article-title":"Removal of estrogens in municipal wastewater treatment under aerobic and anaerobic conditions: consequences for plant optimization","volume":"38","author":"Joss","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1021\/es011055j","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in US streams, 1999\u20132000: a national reconnaissance","volume":"36","author":"Kolpin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1210\/en.132.6.2279","article-title":"Bisphenol A: an estrogenic substance is released from polycarbonate flasks during autoclaving","volume":"132","author":"Krishnan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(2001)020<0787:EONBAA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Effects of nonylphenol, bisphenol A, and their mixture on the viviparous swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri)","volume":"20","author":"Kwak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib24","series-title":"Environmental Engineers\u2019 Handbook","author":"Liu","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1897\/1551-5028(2001)020<0297:EPOCDI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Estrogenic potency of chemicals detected in sewage treatment plant effluents as determined by in vivo assays with Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)","volume":"20","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620210103","article-title":"Detection of estrogenic potency in wastewater and surface water with three in vitro bioassays","volume":"21","author":"Murk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0110967","article-title":"High incidence of a male-specific genetic marker in phenotypic female chinook salmon from the Columbia River","volume":"109","author":"Nagler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.1997.1100","article-title":"The rodent uterotrophic assay: critical protocol features, studies with nonyl phenols, and comparison with a yeast estrogenicity assay","volume":"25","author":"Odum","year":"1997","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620150303","article-title":"Estrogenic activity of surfactants and some of their degradation products assessed using a recombinant yeast screen","volume":"15","author":"Routledge","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1998.8544","article-title":"Some alkyl hydroxy benzoate preservatives (parabens) are estrogenic","volume":"153","author":"Routledge","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1021\/es0101227","article-title":"Something from \u201cNothing\u201d \u2014 eight weak estrogenic chemicals combined at concentrations below NOECs produce significant mixture effects","volume":"36","author":"Silva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-1223(98)00490-9","article-title":"Liquid stream secondary treatment process design at the annacis island wastewater treatment plant of the greater Vancouver sewerage and drainage district","volume":"38","author":"Slezak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Water Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00334-9","article-title":"Behavior and occurrence of estroges in municipal sewage treatment plants - I. Investigations in Germany, Canada and Brazil","volume":"225","author":"Ternes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412006002224?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412006002224?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T08:53:17Z","timestamp":1547023997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412006002224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0160412006002224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}}}