{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:27:35Z","timestamp":1779168455991,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013294","name":"Deutsches Forschungszentrum f\u00fcr Gesundheit und Umwelt, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211250"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015718","name":"M\u00fcnchner Zentrum f\u00fcr Gesundheitswissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201606010330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201606010330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T22:17:26Z","timestamp":1527286646000},"page":"17-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Long-term effects of air pollution on ankle-brachial index"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Siqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Breitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2229-1120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Kronenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Stafoggia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318276fbcb","volume":"126","author":"Aboyans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001430","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and the progression of carotid intima-medial thickness: a prospective cohort study from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and air pollution","volume":"10","author":"Adar","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/187152907780059047","article-title":"Medial vascular calcification in diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: the role of inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Al-Aly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Hematol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.11.064","article-title":"A high ankle-brachial index is associated with increased cardiovascular disease morbidity and lower quality of life","volume":"51","author":"Allison","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1408698","article-title":"A study of the combined effects of physical activity and air pollution on mortality in elderly urban residents: the Danish diet, cancer, and health cohort","volume":"123","author":"Andersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.2.197","article-title":"Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham risk score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis","volume":"300","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.04.065","article-title":"Urban particulate matter air pollution is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis: results from the HNR (Heinz Nixdorf recall) study","volume":"56","author":"Bauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.02.037","article-title":"Development of NO2 and NOx land use regression models for estimating air pollution exposure in 36 study areas in Europe \u2013 the ESCAPE project","volume":"72","author":"Beelen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn350","article-title":"The association between physical activity and subclinical atherosclerosis: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"169","author":"Bertoni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-11-48","article-title":"Nitrogen dioxide levels estimated from land use regression models several years apart and association with mortality in a large cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Cesaroni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x","article-title":"Neighborhoods and health","volume":"1186","author":"Diez Roux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm359","article-title":"Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter and prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"167","author":"Diez Roux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8469","article-title":"Diabetes, obesity, and hypertension may enhance associations between air pollution and markers of systemic inflammation","volume":"114","author":"Dubowsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2010.061135","article-title":"Stability of measured and modelled spatial contrasts in NO(2) over time","volume":"68","author":"Eeftens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11195","DOI":"10.1021\/es301948k","article-title":"Development of land use regression models for PM2. 5, PM2. 5 absorbance, PM10 and PMcoarse in 20 European study areas; results of the ESCAPE project","volume":"46","author":"Eeftens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00304","article-title":"Adipokines, diabetes and atherosclerosis: an inflammatory association","volume":"6","author":"Freitas Lima","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1206337","article-title":"Air pollution and individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status: evidence from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"121","author":"Hajat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000267","article-title":"Long-term exposure to air pollution and markers of inflammation, coagulation, and endothelial activation: a repeat-measures analysis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"26","author":"Hajat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.103879","article-title":"Physical activity and inflammatory markers over 10 years: follow-up in men and women from the Whitehall II cohort study","volume":"126","author":"Hamer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31819464e1","article-title":"Traffic-related air pollution and socioeconomic status: a spatial autocorrelation study to assess environmental equity on a small-area scale","volume":"20","author":"Havard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.03.011","article-title":"Risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease associated with the ankle-brachial index: systematic review","volume":"189","author":"Heald","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.115.306657","article-title":"Association of high ankle brachial index with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in a high-risk population","volume":"36","author":"Hendriks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181961ac2","article-title":"Residential exposure to urban air pollution, ankle-brachial index, and peripheral arterial disease","volume":"20","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-858235","article-title":"KORA\u2014a research platform for population based health research","volume":"67","author":"Holle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gesundheitswesen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht426","article-title":"Are air pollution and traffic noise independently associated with atherosclerosis: the Heinz Nixdorf recall study","volume":"35","author":"K\u00e4lsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00378-0","article-title":"Association between air pollution and coronary artery calcification within six metropolitan areas in the USA (the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and air pollution): a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"388","author":"Kaufman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl228","article-title":"Association of ankle-brachial index and plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries with cardiovascular events and total mortality in a population-based study with 13\u202fyears of follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Lamina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181dec3a7","article-title":"Long-term exposure to air pollution and vascular damage in young adults","volume":"21","author":"Lenters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-6-7","article-title":"Experimental exposure to diesel exhaust increases arterial stiffness in man","volume":"6","author":"Lundback","year":"2009","journal-title":"Part. Fibre Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.4.453","article-title":"Functional decline in peripheral arterial disease: associations with the ankle brachial index and leg symptoms","volume":"292","author":"McDermott","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt271","article-title":"Associations between short-term changes in air pollution and correlates of arterial stiffness: the veterans affairs normative aging study, 2007\u20132011","volume":"179","author":"Mehta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.1.82","article-title":"Sex differences in risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: the MONICA Augsburg cohort study","volume":"162","author":"Meisinger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.570903","article-title":"Mortality and cardiovascular risk across the ankle-arm index spectrum: results from the cardiovascular health study","volume":"113","author":"O'Hare","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2913","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.517110","article-title":"Diabetes enhances vulnerability to particulate air pollution-associated impairment in vascular reactivity and endothelial function","volume":"111","author":"O'Neill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901524","article-title":"Long-term exposure to airborne particles and arterial stiffness: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"119","author":"O'Neill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.03.156","article-title":"Long-term associations of modeled and self-reported measures of exposure to air pollution and noise at residence on prevalent hypertension and blood pressure","volume":"593-594","author":"Pitchika","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000112642.63927.54","article-title":"Relationship of high and low ankle brachial index to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: the strong heart study","volume":"109","author":"Resnick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2005.06.012","article-title":"Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage by particulate air pollution","volume":"592","author":"Risom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205146","article-title":"Association between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and subclinical atherosclerosis: the REGICOR study","volume":"121","author":"Rivera","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.023","volume":"58","author":"Rooke","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.05.013","article-title":"Associations between ambient air pollution and blood markers of inflammation and coagulation\/fibrinolysis in susceptible populations","volume":"70","author":"R\u00fcckerl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11666","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction: associations with exposure to ambient fine particles in diabetic individuals","volume":"116","author":"Schneider","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001589","article-title":"A simple score predicts future cardiovascular events in an inception cohort of dialysis patients","volume":"70","author":"Schwaiger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3003","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.23.3003","article-title":"Long-term air pollution exposure and acceleration of atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in an animal model","volume":"294","author":"Sun","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.2.454","article-title":"Association between arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis: the Rotterdam study","volume":"32","author":"van Popele","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kww080","article-title":"Residential proximity to traffic-related pollution and atherosclerosis in 4 vascular beds among African-American adults: results from the Jackson heart study","volume":"184","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2017.10.001","article-title":"Particulate matter air pollution, physical activity and systemic inflammation in Taiwanese adults","volume":"221","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412018301971?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412018301971?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T11:31:09Z","timestamp":1758972669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412018301971"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0160412018301971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-term effects of air pollution on ankle-brachial index","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2018.05.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}