{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T16:34:49Z","timestamp":1788021289152,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T12:54:44Z","timestamp":1590756884000},"page":"105819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Physical activity attenuated association of air pollution with estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in a large rural Chinese adult population: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Runqi","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaokang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenxing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqian","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gongbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongjian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-018-0768-8","article-title":"Impact of Particulate Air Pollution on Cardiovascular Health","volume":"18","author":"An","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","article-title":"Random Forests","volume":"45","author":"Breiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx263","article-title":"Long-term exposure to road traffic noise, ambient air pollution, and cardiovascular risk factors in the HUNT and lifelines cohorts","volume":"38","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.10.011","article-title":"Estimating spatiotemporal distribution of PM1 concentrations in China with satellite remote sensing, meteorology, and land use information","volume":"233","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.04.251","article-title":"A machine learning method to estimate PM2.5 concentrations across China with remote sensing, meteorological and land use information","volume":"636","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.07.012","article-title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of PM10 concentrations over China during 2005\u20132016: A satellite-based estimation using the random forests approach","volume":"242","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-015-0255-y","article-title":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a review of initiators and protective factors","volume":"24","author":"Ellulu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60646-1","article-title":"Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects","volume":"380","author":"Hallal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0460-2","article-title":"Association between physical activity and sub-types of cardiovascular disease death causes in a general population cohort","volume":"34","author":"Hamer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy272","article-title":"Examining associations between physical activity and cardiovascular mortality using negative control outcomes","volume":"48","author":"Hamer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105459","article-title":"Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution attenuated the association of physical activity with metabolic syndrome in rural Chinese adults: A cross-sectional study","volume":"136","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314555602","article-title":"Arterial blood pressure responses to short-term exposure to low and high traffic-related air pollution with and without moderate physical activity","volume":"22","author":"Kubesch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i3857","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i3857","article-title":"Physical activity and risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"354","author":"Kyu","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7030-8","article-title":"The impact of physical activity and an additional behavioural risk factor on cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Lacombe","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001632","article-title":"Black Carbon Reduces the Beneficial Effect of Physical Activity on Lung Function","volume":"50","author":"Laeremans","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.08.036","article-title":"Short-term exposure to fine and coarse particles and mortality: A multicity time-series study in East Asia","volume":"207","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.04.037","article-title":"Associations of long-term exposure to ambient PM1 with hypertension and blood pressure in rural Chinese population: The Henan rural cohort study","volume":"128","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230509993","article-title":"Classification and Regression by RandomForest","volume":"23","author":"Liaw","year":"2002","journal-title":"R news"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.04.011","article-title":"Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and diabetes mortality in the US","volume":"165","author":"Lim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1306841","article-title":"Air pollution-mediated susceptibility to inflammation and insulin resistance: influence of CCR2 pathways in mice","volume":"122","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105213","article-title":"Associations of long-term exposure to PM1, PM2. 5, NO2 with type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence and fasting blood glucose levels in Chinese rural populations","volume":"133","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2019.0295","article-title":"Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases in China, 1990\u20132016: Findings From the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz039","article-title":"Cohort Profile: The Henan Rural Cohort: a prospective study of chronic non-communicable diseases","volume":"48","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.11.007","article-title":"Fine particulate matter and incident coronary heart disease in the REGARDS cohort","volume":"197","author":"Loop","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3543","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy481","article-title":"Effects of gaseous and solid constituents of air pollution on endothelial function","volume":"39","author":"Munzel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-5657-4_10","article-title":"Air Pollution, Disease Burden, and Health Economic Loss in China","volume":"1017","author":"Niu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0135","unstructured":"The Chinese Nutrition Society, 2011. The Food Guide Pagoda for Chinese Residents. Available from http:\/\/dg.cnsoc.org\/upload\/images\/source (accessed on June 20, 2016)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092727","article-title":"Air Pollution, Autophagy, and Skin Aging: Impact of Particulate Matter (PM10) on Human Dermal Fibroblasts","volume":"19","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.36290\/vnl.2018.163","article-title":"Inflammation and atherosclerosis","volume":"64","author":"Poledne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vnitr. Lek."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.309279","article-title":"Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Is Associated With Endothelial Injury and Systemic Inflammation","volume":"119","author":"Pope","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002921","article-title":"Particulate matter exposures, mortality, and cardiovascular disease in the health professionals follow-up study","volume":"119","author":"Puett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-017-0237-x","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and thrombosis","volume":"15","author":"Robertson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Part. Fibre Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d4521","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4521","article-title":"The health risks and benefits of cycling in urban environments compared with car use: health impact assessment study","volume":"343","author":"Rojas-Rueda","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.13075\/ijomeh.1896.00560","article-title":"Overall Human Mortality and Morbidity Due to Exposure to Air Pollution","volume":"29","author":"Samek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0175","first-page":"37","article-title":"Air pollution and atherosclerosis-a brief review of mechanistic links between atherogenesis and biological actions of inorganic part of particulate matter","volume":"57","author":"Stachyra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Folia Med. Cracov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.002","volume":"63","author":"Stone","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0185","article-title":"Benefits of physical activity not affected by air pollution: a prospective cohort study","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2016.04.002","article-title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis","volume":"109","author":"Taleb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1509777","article-title":"Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality and Long-Term Exposure to Source-Related Components of U.S. Fine Particle Air Pollution","volume":"124","author":"Thurston","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e029590","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029590","article-title":"The prevalence and influencing factors of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the rural population in China: the Henan Rural Cohort Study","volume":"9","author":"Tu","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e196553","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.6553","article-title":"Association of Estimated Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution and Traffic Proximity With a Marker for Coronary Atherosclerosis in a Nationwide Study in China","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0210","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO), 2008. Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1408264","article-title":"Satellite-Based Estimates of Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particles and Association with Mortality in Elderly Hong Kong Residents","volume":"123","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.313948","article-title":"Extreme Levels of Air Pollution Associated With Changes in Biomarkers of Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability and Thrombogenicity in Healthy Adults","volume":"124","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.02.029","article-title":"Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution (including PM1) and metabolic syndrome: The 33 Communities Chinese Health Study (33CCHS)","volume":"164","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.022367","article-title":"Predicting the 10-Year Risks of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Population: The China-PAR Project (Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China)","volume":"134","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.09.012","article-title":"Long-term exposure to high particulate matter pollution and cardiovascular mortality: a 12-year cohort study in four cities in northern China","volume":"62","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30427-1","article-title":"Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"394","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00551-6","article-title":"Cause-specific mortality for 240 causes in China during 1990\u20132013: a systematic subnational analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"387","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412020317748?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412020317748?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T11:53:42Z","timestamp":1758974022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412020317748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0160412020317748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Physical activity attenuated association of air pollution with estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in a large rural Chinese adult population: A cross-sectional study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105819","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105819"}}