{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:45:47Z","timestamp":1790847947141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000023","name":"Government of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000023","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T10:07:46Z","timestamp":1604570866000},"page":"106229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Associations among urinary triclosan and bisphenol A concentrations and serum sex steroid hormone measures in the Canadian and U.S. Populations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Tyler","family":"Pollock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tye E.","family":"Arbuckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margot","family":"Guth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryse F.","family":"Bouchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"St-Amand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.11.002","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A concentrations are associated with reproductive parameters in young men","volume":"161","author":"Adoamnei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0459-5","article-title":"A repeated measures study of phenol, paraben, and triclocarban urinary biomarkers and circulating maternal hormones during gestation in the Puerto Rico PROTECT cohort","volume":"18","author":"Aker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7337","article-title":"Urinary creatinine concentrations in the U.S. population: Implications for urinary biologic monitoring measurements","volume":"113","author":"Barr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.05.012","article-title":"Stress lowers the threshold dose at which bisphenol A disrupts blastocyst implantation, in conjunction with decreased uterine closure and e-cadherin","volume":"237","author":"Borman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2017.11.009","article-title":"Associations of early life urinary triclosan concentrations with maternal, neonatal, and child thyroid hormone levels","volume":"101","author":"Braun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.01.022","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A, phthalates, and couple fecundity: The Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE) Study","volume":"101","author":"Buck Louis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"067013","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP334","article-title":"Statistical approaches for estimating sex-specific effects in endocrine disruptors research","volume":"125","author":"Buckley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10753","article-title":"Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-Octylphenol: 2003\u20132004","volume":"116","author":"Calafat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10768","article-title":"Urinary concentrations of triclosan in the U.S. population: 2003\u20132004","volume":"116","author":"Calafat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.05.014","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and obesity: NHANES 2003\u20132006","volume":"111","author":"Carwile","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0055","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2014. Laboratory procedure manual for total estradiol and total testosterone (method number 1033). Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhanes\/2015-2016\/labmethods\/ALB_CR_I_MET_CREATININE.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0060","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2018a. Laboratory procedure manual for urinary creatinine. Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhanes\/2015-2016\/labmethods\/TST_I_MET_TST_EST.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0065","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2018b. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Analytic guidelines. 2011\u20132014 and 2015\u20132016. Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhanes\/2011-2012\/analyticguidelines\/analytic_guidelines_11_16.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0070","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2019a. National report on human exposure to environmental chemicals. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/exposurereport\/index.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0075","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2019b. Laboratory procedure manual for personal care and consumer product chemicals and metabolites (method number 6301.05). Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhanes\/2015-2016\/labmethods\/EPHPP_I_MET.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2012.09.008","article-title":"Disruption of blastocyst implantation by triclosan in mice: Impacts of repeated and acute doses and combination with bisphenol-A","volume":"34","author":"Crawford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1660","article-title":"Triclosan: Environmental exposure, toxicity, and mechanisms of action","volume":"31","author":"Dann","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.12.046","article-title":"Perturbation of male sexual behavior in mice (Mus musculus) within a discrete range of perinatal bisphenol-A doses in the context of a high- or low-phytoestrogen diet","volume":"55","author":"deCatanzaro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.03.379","article-title":"Use of antibacterial toothpaste is associated with higher urinary triclosan concentrations in Asian immigrant women living in Vancouver, Canada","volume":"671","author":"Dix-Cooper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0100","unstructured":"ECCC (Environment and Climate Change Canada), Health Canada. 2016. Assessment report: Triclosan. Chemical abstracts service registry number 3380\u201334\u20135. Available: http:\/\/www.ec.gc.ca\/ese-ees\/65584A12-2B7D-4273-9F7A-38EDF916ECAF\/EN%20FSAR%20Triclosan%20with%20ISBN.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings, and Processing Aids. 2015. Scientific opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA Journal, 13: 3978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2015.3978.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2015.3978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.04.015","article-title":"Urinary triclosan concentrations during pregnancy and birth outcomes","volume":"156","author":"Etzel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.02.032","article-title":"Prenatal urinary triclosan concentrations and child neurobehavior","volume":"114","author":"Etzel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/10590501.2010.504978","article-title":"Occurrence, efficacy, metabolism, and toxicity of triclosan","volume":"28","author":"Fang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health Part C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0125","unstructured":"FDA (Food and Drug Administration). 2016. Safety and effectiveness of consumer antiseptics; Topical antimicrobial drug products for over-the-counter human use. Available: https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2016\/09\/06\/2016-21337\/safety-and-effectiveness-of-consumer-antiseptics-topical-antimicrobial-drug-products-for."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0130","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting effects of triclosan on the placenta in pregnant rats","volume":"11","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2014.06.002","article-title":"Prenatal and peripubertal phthalates and bisphenol A in relation to sex hormones and puberty in boys","volume":"47","author":"Ferguson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2014.65","article-title":"Bisphenol A and phthalate metabolite urinary concentrations: Daily and across pregnancy variability","volume":"25","author":"Fisher","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Eposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002367","article-title":"Daily bisphenol A excretion and associations with sex hormone concentrations: Results from the InCHIANTI adult population study","volume":"118","author":"Galloway","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1316","article-title":"Oestrogenic and androgenic activity of triclosan in breast cancer cells","volume":"28","author":"Gee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.12.003","article-title":"Daily intake of bisphenol A and triclosan and their association with anthropometric data, thyroid hormones and weight loss in overweight and obese individuals","volume":"76","author":"Geens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.03.028","article-title":"Association of birth outcomes with fetal exposure to parabens, triclosan and triclocarbon in an immigrant population in Brooklyn, New York","volume":"323","author":"Geer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2017.1350138","article-title":"Systematic review of the literature on triclosan and health outcomes in humans","volume":"48","author":"Goodman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0170","unstructured":"Government of Canada. 2017. Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) human biomonitoring data for environmental chemicals. Available: https:\/\/open.canada.ca\/data\/en\/dataset\/8cc88229-8132-4ccd-a3dd-b456579158c6."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.11.002","article-title":"Ten-year trends in urinary concentrations of triclosan and benzophenone-3 in the general U.S. population from 2003 to 2012","volume":"208","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.09.053","article-title":"Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms involved in bisphenol A glucuronidation","volume":"74","author":"Hanioka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0185","unstructured":"Health Canada 2014a. CHMS reference laboratory analytical procedure manual for estradiol in serum on AVIDA Centaur XP (CHMS.E2-XP.V2). Available upon request via email: hd-ds@statcan.gc.ca."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0190","unstructured":"Health Canada 2014b. CHMS reference laboratory analytical procedure manual for testosterone in serum on AVIDA Centaur XP (CHMS.TSTO-XP.V2). Available upon request via email: hd-ds@statcan.gc.ca."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0195","unstructured":"Health Canada 2014c. CHMS reference laboratory analytical procedure manual for progesterone in serum on AVIDA Centaur XP (CHMS.PRGE-XP.V2). Available upon request via email: hd-ds@statcan.gc.ca."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0200","unstructured":"Health Canada. 2015. Third report on human biomonitoring of environmental chemicals in Canada. Available: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/environmental-workplace-health\/reports-publications\/environmental-contaminants\/third-report-human-biomonitoring-environmental-chemicals-canada.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0205","unstructured":"Health Canada. 2017. Fourth report on human biomonitoring of environmental chemicals in Canada. Available: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/environmental-workplace-health\/reports-publications\/environmental-contaminants\/fourth-report-human-biomonitoring-environmental-chemicals-canada.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1736","article-title":"Comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity, estrogenicity, and anti-estrogenicity of triclosan, perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid","volume":"33","author":"Henry","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gls068","article-title":"The role of androgens and estrogens on healthy aging and longevity","volume":"67","author":"Horstman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Gerontol.: Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0220","unstructured":"INSPQ (Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec). 2014a. Analytical method for the determination of bisphenol A and triclosan in urine by GC-MS-MS (E-475), condensed version for CHMS. Centre de toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec. Available upon request via email: hd-ds@statcan.gc.ca."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0225","unstructured":"INSPQ (Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec). 2014b. Analytical method for the determination of creatinine in urine by Hitachi 917 (C-530), condensed version for CHMS. Centre de toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec. Available upon request via email: hd-ds@statcan.gc.ca."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2009.02.004","article-title":"Triclosan is a potent inhibitor of estradiol and estrone sulfonation in sheep placenta","volume":"36","author":"James","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.29.1_supplement.622.4","article-title":"Triclosan inhibits the activity of expressed human sulfotransferases (SULTs) towards their diagnostic substrates","volume":"29","author":"James","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.126","article-title":"Using confidence intervals around individual means to assess statistical significance between two means","volume":"3","author":"Julious","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharm. Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2011.10.017","article-title":"Potential estrogenic activity of triclosan in the uterus of immature rats and rat pituitary GH3 cells","volume":"208","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2019.07.086","article-title":"Triclosan exposure and ovarian reserve","volume":"89","author":"Jurewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.11.029","article-title":"Exposure to triclosan among the Canadian population: Results of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2009\u20132013)","volume":"123","author":"Juric","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.12.052","article-title":"Relationship between urinary triclosan and paraben concentrations and serum thyroid measures in NHANES 2007\u20132008","volume":"445\u2013446","author":"Koeppe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2012.1","article-title":"Comparing United States and Canadian population exposures from national biomonitoring surveys: Bisphenol A intake as a case study","volume":"22","author":"LaKind","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.03.047","article-title":"Factors affecting interpretation of national biomonitoring data from multiple countries: BPA as a case study","volume":"173","author":"LaKind","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307309","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A levels in young men: Association with reproductive hormones and semen quality","volume":"122","author":"Lassen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1409637","article-title":"Prenatal triclosan exposure and anthropometric measures including angogenetical distance in Danish infants","volume":"124","author":"Lassen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2009.09.008","article-title":"In vitro profiling of endocrine disrupting effects of phenols","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104689","article-title":"Differential estrogenic actions of endocrine-disrupting chemicals bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, and zearlenone through estrogen receptor \u03b1 and \u03b2 in vitro","volume":"120","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2015.03.004","article-title":"Urinary triclosan concentrations are inversely associated with body mass index and waist circumference in the US general population: Experience in NHANES 2003\u20132010","volume":"218","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2015.03.007","article-title":"Exposure to bisphenol-A and reproductive hormones among male adults","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0305","unstructured":"Lumley, T. 2019. Analysis of complex survey samples. Available: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/survey\/survey.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13240","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph121013240","article-title":"Associations between bisphenol A exposure and reproductive hormones among female workers","volume":"12","author":"Miao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2016.1269722","article-title":"Hypothesis-driven weight-of-evidence analysis of endocrine disruption potential: A case study with triclosan","volume":"47","author":"Mihaich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00ednguez-Alarc\u00f3n L, Gaskins AJ, Chiu Y-H, Williams PL, Ehrlich S, Chavarro JE, Petrozza JC, Ford JB, Calafat AM, Hauser R, EARTH Study Team. 2015. Urinary bisphenol A concentrations and association with in vitro fertilization outcomes among women from a fertility clinic. Human Reproduction, 30: 2120\u201320128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dev183.","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev183"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1118","article-title":"Effects of bisphenol A on male and couple reproductive health: A review","volume":"106","author":"M\u00ednguez-Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00ednguez-Alarc\u00f3n L, Christou G, Messerlian C, Williams PL, Carignan CC, Souter I, Ford JB, Calafat AM, Hauser R, EARTH Study Team. 2017. Urinary triclosan concentrations and diminished ovarian reserve among women from a fertility clinic. Fertility and Sterility, 108: 312\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.05.020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.05.020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.093","article-title":"Bisphenol A and reproductive hormones and cortisol in peripubertal boys: The INMA-Granada cohort","volume":"618","author":"Mustieles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0340","unstructured":"NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). 2015. NHANES 2015\u20132016 questionnaires, datasets, and related documentation. Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/continuousnhanes\/default.aspx?BeginYear=2015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0345","unstructured":"NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). 2018. NHANES survey methods and analytic guidelines. Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/analyticguidelines.aspx."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0350","unstructured":"NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). 2019. NHANES 2015\u20132016 laboratory methods. Available: https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/continuousnhanes\/labmethods.aspx?BeginYear=2015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2017.11.010","article-title":"Evaluation of reproductive toxicity in rats treated with triclosan","volume":"75","author":"Pernoncini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.07.028","article-title":"Exposure to bisphenol A, chlorophenols, benzophenones, and parabens in relation to reproductive hormones in healthy women: A chemical mixture approach","volume":"120","author":"Pollack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2016.09.004","article-title":"Triclosan elevates estradiol levels in serum and tissues of cycling and peri-implantation female mice","volume":"65","author":"Pollock","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"087014","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP1329","article-title":"Influence of tetrabromobisphenol A, with or without concurrent triclosan, upon bisphenol A and estradiol concentrations in mice","volume":"125","author":"Pollock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.11.030","article-title":"A mixture of five endocrine-disrupting chemicals modulates concentrations of bisphenol A and estradiol in mice","volume":"193","author":"Pollock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1080\/00498254.2018.1480818","article-title":"Bisphenol S modulates concentrations of bisphenol A and oestradiol in female and male mice","volume":"49","author":"Pollock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0385","article-title":"CLARITY-BPA academic laboratory studies identify consistent low-dose bisphenol A effects on multiple organ systems","volume":"1\u201318","author":"Prins","year":"2018","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.11.1180","article-title":"Metabolism of bisphenol A in primary cultured hepatocytes from mice, rats, and humans","volume":"30","author":"Pritchett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0395","unstructured":"R Core Team. 2019. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available: https:\/\/www.R-project.org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.08.008","article-title":"Bisphenol A and human health: A review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Rochester","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.12.028","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and hyperactivity in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"114","author":"Rochester","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.3109\/10408441003667514","article-title":"Triclosan: A critical review of the experimental data and development of margins of safety for consumer products","volume":"40","author":"Rodricks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2010.516241","article-title":"Maternal exposure to triclosan impairs thyroid homeostasis and female pubertal development in Wistar rat offspring","volume":"73","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp266","article-title":"In utero and lactational exposure to bisphenol A, in contrast to ethinyl estradiol, does not alter sexually dimorphic behavior, puberty, fertility, and anatomy of female LE rats","volume":"114","author":"Ryan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390600631706","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of triclosan following oral ingestion in humans","volume":"69","author":"Sandborgh-Englund","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP150","article-title":"Serum testosterone concentrations and urinary bisphenol A, benzophenone-3, triclosan, and paraben levels in male and female children and adolescents: NHANES 2011\u20132012","volume":"124","author":"Scinicariello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.11.015","article-title":"Cross-sectional associations between urinary triclosan and serum thyroid function biomarker concentrations in women","volume":"122","author":"Skarha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0440","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. 2017. Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) data user guide: Cycle 4. Available: http:\/\/www23.statcan.gc.ca\/imdb\/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&Id=148760."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0445","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. 2018. The Research Data Centres (RDC) program. Available: https:\/\/www.statcan.gc.ca\/eng\/rdc\/index."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0450","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. 2019. Table 13-10-0334-01: Hormone measures of the household population. Available: https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/t1\/tbl1\/en\/tv.action?pid=1310033401."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfq180","article-title":"Triclosan exposure modulates estrogen-dependent responses in the female Wistar rat","volume":"117","author":"Stoker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/68.1.121","article-title":"Three-generation reproductive toxicity study of dietary bisphenol A in CD Sprague-Dawley rats","volume":"68","author":"Tyl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfn084","article-title":"Two-generation reproductive toxicity study of dietary bisphenol A in CD-1 (Swiss) mice","volume":"104","author":"Tyl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2007.07.010","article-title":"Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA)","volume":"24","author":"Vandenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1050","article-title":"Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses","volume":"33","author":"Vandenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.01.005","article-title":"Female exposure to phenols and phthalates and time to pregnancy: The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study","volume":"103","author":"V\u00e9lez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1021\/tx025548t","article-title":"Metabolism and kinetics of bisphenol A in humans at low doses following oral administration","volume":"15","author":"V\u00f6lkel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.07.001","article-title":"Reproductive endocrine-disrupting effects of triclosan: Population exposure, present evidence and potential mechanisms","volume":"206","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.11.007","article-title":"Impacts of prenatal triclosan exposure on fetal reproductive hormones and its potential mechanism","volume":"111","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.104.000273","article-title":"Triclosan as a substrate and inhibitor of 3\u02b9-phosphoadenosine 5\u02b9-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase in human liver fractions","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18252","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18252","article-title":"Triclosan causes spontaneous abortion accompanied by decline of estrogen sulfotransferase activity in humans and mice","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2015.04.003","article-title":"Temporal variability and sources of triclosan exposure in pregnancy","volume":"218","author":"Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Pinney SM, Windham G, Liao L, Biro F, Kushi LH, Erdmann C, Hiatt RA, Rybak ME, Calafat AM, and the Breast Cancer and Environment Research Centers. 2010. Investigation and relationships between urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols and pubertal stages in girls. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118: 1039\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0901690.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901690"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483443","article-title":"Confidence intervals for medians and other position measures","volume":"47","author":"Woodruff","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0525","series-title":"Human Reproductive Biology","author":"Yu","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.04.017","article-title":"Serum bisphenol-A concentration and sex hormone levels in men","volume":"100","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229_b0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.06.027","article-title":"Evidence for bisphenol A-induced female infertility: A review (2007\u20132016)","volume":"106","author":"Ziv-Gal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016041202032184X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016041202032184X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T12:05:16Z","timestamp":1758974716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016041202032184X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":107,"alternative-id":["S016041202032184X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations among urinary triclosan and bisphenol A concentrations and serum sex steroid hormone measures in the Canadian and U.S. Populations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106229","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106229"}}