{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T14:16:14Z","timestamp":1793542574682,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T11:17:29Z","timestamp":1655896649000},"page":"107369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Modeling particulate nitrate in China: Current findings and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianlin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Momei","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengrong","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianlan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alexander, B.; Sherwen, T.; D Holmes, C.; A Fisher, J.; Chen, Q.; J Evans, M.; Kasibhatla, P. Global inorganic nitrate production mechanisms: Comparison of a global model with nitrate isotope observations. Atmos Chem Phys 2020;20:3859-3877.","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-3859-2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-14-2867-2021","article-title":"The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model versions 5.3 and 5.3.1: system updates and evaluation","volume":"14","author":"Appel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geosci Model Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8351","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-8351-2009","article-title":"Toward a general parameterization of N2O5 reactivity on aqueous particles: the competing effects of particle liquid water, nitrate and chloride","volume":"9","author":"Bertram","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23073","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD000807","article-title":"Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology: Model description and evaluation","volume":"106","author":"Bey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6405","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cs35181a","article-title":"Nighttime radical observations and chemistry","volume":"41","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9592","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803222115","article-title":"Global estimates of mortality associated with long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter","volume":"115","author":"Burnett","year":"2018","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2128636","article-title":"Review of the Governing Equations, Computational Algorithms, and Other Components of the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System","volume":"59","author":"Byun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl Mech Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chan, Y.C.; Evans, M.J.; He, P.; Holmes, C.D.; Jaegl\u00e9, L.; Kasibhatla, P.; Liu, X.Y.; Sherwen, T.; Thornton, J.A.; Wang, X.; Xie, Z.; Zhai, S.; Alexander, B. Heterogeneous Nitrate Production Mechanisms in Intense Haze Events in the North China Plain. J Geophys Res Atmos 2021;126:e2021JD034688.","DOI":"10.1029\/2021JD034688"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4843","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-4843-2018","article-title":"Assessment of inter-city transport of particulate matter in the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei region","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10707","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-10707-2016","article-title":"Simulations of sulfate-nitrate-ammonium (SNA) aerosols during the extreme haze events over northern China in October 2014","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11911","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-11911-2019","article-title":"MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10845","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-10845-2019","article-title":"Assessing the formation and evolution mechanisms of severe haze pollution in the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei region using process analysis","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0065","first-page":"6125","article-title":"Dominant role of emission reduction in PM2.5 air quality improvement in Beijing during 2013\u20132017: a model-based decomposition analysis. Atmos","volume":"19","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chuang, M.-T.; Wu, C.-F.; Lin, C.-Y.; Lin, W.-C.; Chou, C.C.K.; Lee, C.-T.; Lin, T.-H.; Fu, J.S.; Kong, S.S.-K. Simulating nitrate formation mechanisms during PM2.5 events in Taiwan and their implications for the controlling direction. Atmos Environ 2022;269:118856.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2021.118856"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11657","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-11657-2011","article-title":"Air quality trends in Europe over the past decade: a first multi-model assessment","volume":"11","author":"Colette","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5295","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-8-5295-2008","article-title":"Parameterization of N2O5 reaction probabilities on the surface of particles containing ammonium, sulfate, and nitrate","volume":"8","author":"Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.10.036","article-title":"Observable indicators of the sensitivity of PM2.5 nitrate to emission reductions\u2014Part II: Sensitivity to errors in total ammonia and total nitrate of the CMAQ-predicted non-linear effect of SO2 emission reductions","volume":"42","author":"Dennis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7149","DOI":"10.1029\/92JD02979","article-title":"Reaction of N2O5 on tropospheric aerosols: Impact on the global distributions of NO x, O3, and OH","volume":"98","author":"Dentener","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.02.076","article-title":"Inorganic aerosols responses to emission changes in Yangtze River Delta","volume":"481","author":"Dong","year":"2014","journal-title":"China. Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2016.1265027","article-title":"Recommendations on statistics and benchmarks to assess photochemical model performance","volume":"67","author":"Emery","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Air Waste Manage Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL022469","article-title":"Impact of new laboratory studies of N2O5 hydrolysis on global model budgets of tropospheric nitrogen oxides, ozone, and OH","volume":"32","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.09.069","article-title":"Wintertime nitrate formation during haze days in the Guanzhong basin, China: A case study","volume":"243","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2020.117995","article-title":"Nitrate debuts as a dominant contributor to particulate pollution in Beijing: Roles of enhanced atmospheric oxidizing capacity and decreased sulfur dioxide emission","volume":"244","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140961","article-title":"Increasing wintertime ozone levels and secondary aerosol formation in the Guanzhong basin, central China","volume":"745","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35992","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35992","article-title":"Modeling analysis of secondary inorganic aerosols over China: pollution characteristics, and meteorological and dust impacts","volume":"6","author":"Fu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.7b00143","article-title":"Increasing Ammonia Concentrations Reduce the Effectiveness of Particle Pollution Control Achieved via SO2 and NOX Emissions Reduction in East China","volume":"4","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3881","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07248","article-title":"Persistent Heavy Winter Nitrate Pollution Driven by Increased Photochemical Oxidants in Northern China","volume":"54","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-1-2019","article-title":"The significant contribution of HONO to secondary pollutants during a severe winter pollution event in southern China","volume":"19","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4859","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-4859-2018","article-title":"Air quality and climate change, Topic 3 of the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia Phase III (MICS-Asia III) \u2013 Part 1: Overview and model evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2006.11.034","article-title":"Development and application of a three-dimensional aerosol chemical transport model","volume":"41","author":"Gaydos","year":"2007","journal-title":"PMCAMx. Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-9187-2017","article-title":"Chemical composition of ambient PM2. 5 over China and relationship to precursor emissions during 2005\u20132012","author":"Geng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys: Copernicus GmbH"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-021-00792-3","article-title":"Drivers of PM2.5 air pollution deaths in China 2002\u20132017","volume":"14","author":"Geng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Geosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2005.04.027","article-title":"Fully coupled \u201conline\u201d chemistry within the WRF model","volume":"39","author":"Grell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0170","first-page":"9979","article-title":"Numerical analysis of agricultural emissions impacts on PM2.5 in China using a high-resolution ammonia emission inventory. Atmos","volume":"20","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14465","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-14465-2018","article-title":"Atmospheric \u039417O(NO3\u2212) reveals nocturnal chemistry dominates nitrate production in Beijing haze","volume":"18","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10295","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-10295-2012","article-title":"Atmospheric ammonia and particulate inorganic nitrogen over the United States","volume":"12","author":"Heald","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4834","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00008","article-title":"Changes in Inorganic Fine Particulate Matter Sensitivities to Precursors Due to Large-Scale US Emissions Reductions","volume":"49","author":"Holt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9950","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b03193","article-title":"Premature Mortality Attributable to Particulate Matter in China: Source Contributions and Responses to Reductions","volume":"51","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, S.; Zhao, G.; Tan, T.; Li, C.; Zong, T.; Xu, N.; Zhu, W.; Hu, M. Current challenges of improving visibility due to increasing nitrate fraction in PM2.5 during the haze days in Beijing, China. Environ Pollut 2021;290:118032.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.118032"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0200","first-page":"2725","article-title":"Recommendations on benchmarks for numerical air quality model applications in China \u2013 Part 1: PM2.5 and chemical species. Atmos","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, X.; Ding, A.; Gao, J.; Zheng, B.; Zhou, D.; Qi, X.; Tang, R.; Wang, J.; Ren, C.; Nie, W.; Chi, X.; Xu, Z.; Chen, L.; Li, Y.; Che, F.; Pang, N.; Wang, H.; Tong, D.; Qin, W.; Cheng, W.; Liu, W.; Fu, Q.; Liu, B.; Chai, F.; Davis, S.J.; Zhang, Q.; He, K. Enhanced secondary pollution offset reduction of primary emissions during COVID-19 lockdown in China. Natl Sci Rev 2020;8:nwaa137.","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaa137"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, Y.J.; Spak, S.N.; Carmichael, G.R.; Riemer, N.; Stanier, C.O. Modeled aerosol nitrate formation pathways during wintertime in the Great Lakes region of North America. J Geophys Res Atmos 2014;119:12,420-412,445.","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JD022320"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12529","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b02701","article-title":"Improved Inversion of Monthly Ammonia Emissions in China Based on the Chinese Ammonia Monitoring Network and Ensemble Kalman Filter","volume":"53","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb7431","article-title":"Unexpected air pollution with marked emission reductions during the COVID-19 outbreak in China","volume":"369","author":"Le","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15883","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-15883-2021","article-title":"Improved gridded ammonia emission inventory in China","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11485","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-11485-2019","article-title":"Rapid transition in winter aerosol composition in Beijing from 2014 to 2017: response to clean air actions","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J.; Zhang, N.; Wang, P.; Choi, M.; Ying, Q.; Guo, S.; Lu, K.; Qiu, X.; Wang, S.; Hu, M.; Zhang, Y.; Hu, J. Impacts of chlorine chemistry and anthropogenic emissions on secondary pollutants in the Yangtze river delta region. Environ Pollut 2021b;287:117624-117624.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117624"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0240","article-title":"Ozone pollution in the North China Plain spreading into the late-winter haze season","volume":"118","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10981","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-10981-2019","article-title":"Relative importance of gas uptake on aerosol and ground surfaces characterized by equivalent uptake coefficients","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1029\/2019JD030535","article-title":"Formation and Evolution Mechanisms for Two Extreme Haze Episodes in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China During Winter 2016","volume":"124","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15135","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-15135-2021","article-title":"Nonlinear responses of particulate nitrate to NOx emission controls in the megalopolises of China","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13625","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c01949","article-title":"Halogens Enhance Haze Pollution in China","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14875","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-14875-2016","article-title":"Impacts of heterogeneous uptake of dinitrogen pentoxide and chlorine activation on ozone and reactive nitrogen partitioning: improvement and application of the WRF-Chem model in southern China","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X.; Bei, N.; Hu, B.; Wu, J.; Pan, Y.; Wen, T.; Liu, Z.; Liu, L.; Wang, R.; Li, G. Mitigating NOX emissions does not help alleviate wintertime particulate pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China. Environ Pollut 2021f;279.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116931"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115287","article-title":"Wintertime nitrate formation pathways in the north China plain: Importance of N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis","volume":"266","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8189","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-8189-2019","article-title":"Effects of organic coating on the nitrate formation by suppressing the N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis: A case study during wintertime in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH)","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7760","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1814880116","article-title":"Ammonia emission control in China would mitigate haze pollution and nitrogen deposition, but worsen acid rain","volume":"116","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17933","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-17933-2018","article-title":"Rapid SO2 emission reductions significantly increase tropospheric ammonia concentrations over the North China Plain","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00511","article-title":"Driving Forces of Changes in Air Quality during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in the Yangtze River Delta Region","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"China. Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EM00098D","article-title":"Overview on the spatial\u2013temporal characteristics of the ozone formation regime in China","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Processes Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10676","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b02422","article-title":"Fast Photochemistry in Wintertime Haze: Consequences for Pollution Mitigation Strategies","volume":"53","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.147747","article-title":"Nonlinear response of SIA to emission changes and chemical processes over eastern and central China during a heavy haze month","volume":"788","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-12-3439-2019","article-title":"Revised treatment of wet scavenging processes dramatically improves GEOS-Chem 12.0.0 simulations of surface nitric acid, nitrate, and ammonium over the United States","volume":"12","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geosci Model Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD010906","article-title":"Spatial and temporal variations of aerosols around Beijing in summer 2006: Model evaluation and source apportionment","author":"Matsui","year":"20091140013","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4345","DOI":"10.1002\/2018JD028336","article-title":"Heterogeneous N2O5 Uptake During Winter: Aircraft Measurements During the 2015 WINTER Campaign and Critical Evaluation of Current Parameterizations","volume":"123","author":"McDuffie","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5322.116","article-title":"Chemical Coupling Between Atmospheric Ozone and Particulate Matter","volume":"277","author":"Meng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10651","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-10651-2016","article-title":"Evaluating secondary inorganic aerosols in three dimensions","volume":"16","author":"Mezuman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0340","first-page":"12265","article-title":"Model bias in simulating major chemical components of PM2.5in China. Atmos","volume":"20","author":"Miao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-973-2015","article-title":"Influence of aerosol chemical composition on N2O5 uptake: airborne regional measurements in northwestern Europe","volume":"15","author":"Morgan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6023","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-6023-2021","article-title":"Aerosol acidity and liquid water content regulate the dry deposition of inorganic reactive nitrogen","volume":"21","author":"Nenes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14747","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-14747-2017","article-title":"Observational assessment of the role of nocturnal residual-layer chemistry in determining daytime surface particulate nitrate concentrations","volume":"17","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, M.; Hu, A.; Mao, J.; Li, X.; Sheng, L.; Sun, J.; Li, J.; Wang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Hu, J. PM2.5 and O3 relationships affected by the atmospheric oxidizing capacity in the Yangtze River Delta, China. Sci Total Environ 2022;810:152268.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.152268"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148349","article-title":"Double high pollution events in the Yangtze River Delta from 2015 to 2019: Characteristics, trends, and meteorological situations","volume":"792","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6737","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-6737-2019","article-title":"Modeling the impact of heterogeneous reactions of chlorine on summertime nitrate formation in Beijing","volume":"19","author":"Qiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"China. Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qu, K.; Wang, X.; Xiao, T.; Shen, J.; Lin, T.; Chen, D.; He, L.Y.; Huang, X.F.; Zeng, L.; Lu, K.; Ou, Y.; Zhang, Y. Cross-regional transport of PM2.5 nitrate in the Pearl River Delta, China: Contributions and mechanisms. Sci Total Environ 2021;753.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.142439"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.06.436","article-title":"Seasonal effects of additional HONO sources and the heterogeneous reactions of N2O5 on nitrate in the North China Plain","volume":"690","author":"Qu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0385","article-title":"Nonlinear response of nitrate to NOx reduction in China during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"118715","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D17307","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD011369","article-title":"Relative importance of organic coatings for the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5 during summer in Europe","volume":"114","author":"Riemer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2002JD002436","article-title":"Impact of the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5 on chemistry and nitrate aerosol formation in the lower troposphere under photosmog conditions","volume":"108","author":"Riemer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0400","series-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change ed^eds","author":"Seinfeld","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sha, T.; Ma, X.; Jia, H.; van der A, R.J.; Ding, J.; Zhang, Y.; Chang, Y. Exploring the influence of two inventories on simulated air pollutants during winter over the Yangtze River Delta. Atmos Environ 2019;206:170-182.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.03.006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150229","article-title":"Improvement of inorganic aerosol component in PM2.5 by constraining aqueous-phase formation of sulfate in cloud with satellite retrievals: WRF-Chem simulations","volume":"804","author":"Sha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-1483-2020","article-title":"Effect of changing NOx lifetime on the seasonality and long-term trends of satellite-observed tropospheric NO2 columns over China","volume":"20","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shao, P.; Tian, H.; Sun, Y.; Liu, H.; Wu, B.; Liu, S.; Liu, X.; Wu, Y.; Liang, W.; Wang, Y.; Gao, J.; Xue, Y.; Bai, X.; Liu, W.; Lin, S.; Hu, G. Characterizing remarkable changes of severe haze events and chemical compositions in multi-size airborne particles (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10) from January 2013 to 2016\u20132017 winter in Beijing, China. Atmos Environ 2018;189:133-144.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2018.06.038"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140187","article-title":"Insights into source origins and formation mechanisms of nitrate during winter haze episodes in the Yangtze River Delta","volume":"741","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.07.012","article-title":"Compilation and interpretation of photochemical model performance statistics published between 2006 and 2012","volume":"61","author":"Simon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13713","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-13713-2021","article-title":"A comprehensive observation-based multiphase chemical model analysis of sulfur dioxide oxidations in both summer and winter","volume":"21","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.9b00621","article-title":"Thermodynamic Modeling Suggests Declines in Water Uptake and Acidity of Inorganic Aerosols in Beijing Winter Haze Events during 2014\/2015\u20132018\/2019","volume":"6","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0445","unstructured":"State Council of the People's Republic of China. Air pollution prevention and control action plan. 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0450","unstructured":"State Council of the People's Republic of China. Three-year Action Plan of Win the Blue Sky Defence War. 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.11.125","article-title":"Effect of hydrolysis of N2O5 on nitrate and ammonium formation in Beijing China: WRF-Chem model simulation","volume":"579","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.12.200","article-title":"Investigating the PM2.5 mass concentration growth processes during 2013\u20132016 in Beijing and Shanghai","volume":"221","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, W.; Wang, D.; Yao, L.; Fu, H.; Fu, Q.; Wang, H.; Li, Q.; Wang, L.; Yang, X.; Xian, A.; Wang, G.; Xiao, H.; Chen, J. Chemistry-triggered events of PM2.5 explosive growth during late autumn and winter in Shanghai, China. Environ Pollut 2019b;254:112864.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.07.032"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146845","article-title":"Low particulate nitrate in the residual layer in autumn over the North China Plain","volume":"782","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.03.013","article-title":"Speciation of the major inorganic salts in atmospheric aerosols of Beijing, China: Measurements and comparison with model","volume":"133","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-8-21-2015","article-title":"High-resolution air quality simulation over Europe with the chemistry transport model CHIMERE","volume":"8","author":"Terrenoire","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geosci Model Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.3155\/1047-3289.57.12.1489","article-title":"Response of Inorganic Fine Particulate Matter to Emission Changes of Sulfur Dioxide and Ammonia: The Eastern United States as a Case Study","volume":"57","author":"Tsimpidi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.03.012","article-title":"Development and application of a computationally efficient particulate matter apportionment algorithm in a three-dimensional chemical transport model","volume":"42","author":"Wagstrom","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11213","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-11213-2012","article-title":"Simulation of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols over the United States","volume":"12","author":"Walker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2020.02.006","article-title":"Wintertime N2O5 uptake coefficients over the North China Plain","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.7b00341","article-title":"High N2O5 Concentrations Observed in Urban Beijing: Implications of a Large Nitrate Formation Pathway","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10483","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-10483-2018","article-title":"Fast particulate nitrate formation via N2O5 uptake aloft in winter in Beijing","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9293","DOI":"10.1021\/es2022347","article-title":"Impact Assessment of Ammonia Emissions on Inorganic Aerosols in East China Using Response Surface Modeling Technique","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22091-6","article-title":"Sulfate formation is dominated by manganese-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 on aerosol surfaces during haze events","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W.; van der A, R.; Ding, J.; van Weele, M.; Cheng, T. Spatial and temporal changes of the ozone sensitivity in China based on satellite and ground-based observations. Atmos Chem Phys 2021b;21:7253-7269.","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-7253-2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1007\/s11430-018-9373-1","article-title":"Trends in particulate matter and its chemical compositions in China from 2013\u20132017","volume":"62","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science China Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.05.249","article-title":"Associations of daily mortality with short-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents in Shanghai, China","volume":"233","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-2635-2013","article-title":"Sulfate-nitrate-ammonium aerosols over China: response to 2000\u20132015 emission changes of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.05.029","article-title":"Associations between daily outpatient visits for respiratory diseases and ambient fine particulate matter and ozone levels in Shanghai","volume":"240","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"China. Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.2016.12.0534","article-title":"Modeling the long-range transport of particulate matters for january in East Asia using NAQPMS and CMAQ","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aerosol Air Qual Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013833217916","article-title":"A Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System for Urban and Regional Scales: Application for High-Ozone Episode in Taiwan","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12361","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-12361-2017","article-title":"Fast heterogeneous N2O5 uptake and ClNO2 production in power plant and industrial plumes observed in the nocturnal residual layer over the North China Plain","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, Y.; Chen, H.; Sun, H.; Zhang, F.; Shang, X.; Yao, L.; Zheng, H.; Li, Q.; Chen, J. Nocturnal PM2.5 explosive growth dominates severe haze in the rural North China Plain. Atmos Res 2020;242:105020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2020.105020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11261","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-11261-2018","article-title":"Summertime fine particulate nitrate pollution in the North China Plain: increasing trends, formation mechanisms and implications for control policy","volume":"18","author":"Wen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C.; Liu, L.; Wang, G.; Zhang, S.; Li, G.; Lv, S.; Li, J.; Wang, F.; Meng, J.; Zeng, Y. Important contribution of N2O5 hydrolysis to the daytime nitrate in Xi'an, China during haze periods: Isotopic analysis and WRF-Chem model simulation. Environ Pollut 2021;288:117712-117712.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117712"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, X.; Shi, Z.; Ying, Q.; Zhang, H.; Hu, J. Age-Resolved Source and Region Contributions to Fine Particulate Matter During an Extreme Haze Episode in China. Geophys Res Lett 2021;48:e2021GL095388.","DOI":"10.1029\/2021GL095388"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0585","first-page":"5019","article-title":"Nitrate-dominated PM2.5 and elevation of particle pH observed in urban Beijing during the winter of 2017. Atmos","volume":"20","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.06.294","article-title":"Nitrate dominates the chemical composition of PM2.5 during haze event in Beijing, China","volume":"689","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JD029245","article-title":"Changes in Aerosol Chemistry From 2014 to 2016 in Winter in Beijing: Insights From High-Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometry","volume":"124","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5605","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-5605-2019","article-title":"High efficiency of livestock ammonia emission controls in alleviating particulate nitrate during a severe winter haze episode in northern China","volume":"19","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11048","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01832","article-title":"HONO Budget and Its Role in Nitrate Formation in the Rural North China Plain","volume":"54","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2014.09.049","article-title":"Effect of nitrate and sulfate relative abundance in PM2.5 on liquid water content explored through half-hourly observations of inorganic soluble aerosols at a polluted receptor site","volume":"99","author":"Xue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.142969","article-title":"Vertically increased NO3 radical in the nocturnal boundary layer","volume":"763","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.116989","article-title":"Reducing PM2.5 and secondary inorganic aerosols by agricultural ammonia emission mitigation within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region","volume":"219","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"China. Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5427","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-5427-2016","article-title":"Influences of emission sources and meteorology on aerosol chemistry in a polluted urban environment: results from DISCOVER-AQ California","volume":"16","author":"Young","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4367","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-4367-2020","article-title":"Heterogeneous N2O5 reactions on atmospheric aerosols at four Chinese sites: improving model representation of uptake parameters","volume":"20","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-021-00726-z","article-title":"Control of particulate nitrate air pollution in China","volume":"14","author":"Zhai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Geosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhai, S.; Jacob, D.J.; Wang, X.; Shen, L.; Li, K.; Zhang, Y.; Gui, K.; Zhao, T.; Liao, H. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) trends in China, 2013\u20132018: separating contributions from anthropogenic emissions and meteorology. Atmos Chem Phys 2019;19:11031-11041.","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-11031-2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4539","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-4539-2012","article-title":"Nitrogen deposition to the United States: distribution, sources, and processes","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Q.; Zheng, Y.; Tong, D.; Shao, M.; Wang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Xu, X.; Wang, J.; He, H.; Liu, W.; Ding, Y.; Lei, Y.; Li, J.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Cheng, J.; Liu, Y.; Shi, Q.; Yan, L.; Geng, G.; Hong, C.; Li, M.; Liu, F.; Zheng, B.; Cao, J.; Ding, A.; Gao, J.; Fu, Q.; Huo, J.; Liu, B.; Liu, Z.; Yang, F.; He, K.; Hao, J. Drivers of improved PM2.5 air quality in China from 2013 to 2017. P Natl Acad Sci 2019;116:24463-24469.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1907956116"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3803","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00067","article-title":"Formation of Urban Fine Particulate Matter","volume":"115","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15809","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-15809-2021","article-title":"Improving the representation of HONO chemistry in CMAQ and examining its impact on haze over China","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12089","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b02171","article-title":"Ammonia Emissions May Be Substantially Underestimated in China","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.02.041","article-title":"Real-time air quality forecasting, part II: State of the science, current research needs, and future prospects","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5685","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-5685-2013","article-title":"Analysis of a winter regional haze event and its formation mechanism in the North China Plain","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14095","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-14095-2018","article-title":"Trends in China's anthropogenic emissions since 2010 as the consequence of clean air actions","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-2031-2015","article-title":"Heterogeneous chemistry: A mechanism missing in current models to explain secondary inorganic aerosol formation during the January 2013 haze episode in North China","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2969","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-2969-2015","article-title":"Exploring the severe winter haze in Beijing: The impact of synoptic weather, regional transport and heterogeneous reactions","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369_b0695","series-title":"Response of aerosol chemistry to clean air action in Beijing","first-page":"255","author":"Zhou","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412022002963?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412022002963?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T12:21:18Z","timestamp":1758975678000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412022002963"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":139,"alternative-id":["S0160412022002963"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Modeling particulate nitrate in China: Current findings and future directions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107369","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107369"}}