{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T23:26:23Z","timestamp":1772925983328,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000900","name":"Joint Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000900","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T06:21:24Z","timestamp":1690438884000},"page":"108119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Using the POD sampler for quantitative diffusive (passive) monitoring of volatile and very volatile organics in ambient air: Sampling rates and analytical performance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"P\u00e9rez Ballesta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ba\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0228-1419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.A.","family":"Field","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9535-5087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Woolfenden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2020.03.019","article-title":"Characterization and risk assessment of BTEX in ambient air of a Middle Eastern City","volume":"139","author":"Abbasi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00183a012","article-title":"Fundamental factors in the performance of diffusive samplers","volume":"61","author":"Adley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0015","first-page":"3953","article-title":"Solving initial value problem using Runge-Kutta 6th order method","volume":"12","author":"Al-Shimmary","year":"2017","journal-title":"ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.12.033","article-title":"Passive air sampling theory for semivolatile organic compounds","volume":"60","author":"Bartkow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berlin, A., Brown, R.H., Saunders, K.J., 1988. Diffusive sampling: An alternative approach to workplace air monitoring.\u00a0: A. Berlin, R.H. Brown and K.J. Saunders (Eds.), Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 1987 (ISBN 0-85186-343-4). xvi+484 pp. Price \u00a345.00\/$87.00. Anal. Chim. Acta 212, 362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0003-2670(00)84169-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(00)84169-0"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0030","unstructured":"C(2019)4281, 2019. COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 14.6.2019 on a standardisation request to the European Committee for Standardisation as regards methods for the measurement of volatile organic compounds that are ozone precursor substances in ambient air in support of ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/b806910g","article-title":"Evaluation of the best compromise between the urban air quality monitoring resolution by diffusive sampling and resource requirements","volume":"10","author":"Cocheo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.9790\/5736-0313845","article-title":"Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-radushkevich isotherms studies of equilibrium sorption of Zn 2+ Unto phosphoric acid modified rice husk","volume":"3","author":"Dada","year":"2012","journal-title":"IOSR J. Appl. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0045","series-title":"Directive 2008\/50\/CE of the European Union and Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe","first-page":"44","author":"Directive 2008, 50, EC","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2016.1141808","article-title":"Volatile organic compounds at two oil and natural gas production well pads in Colorado and Texas using passive samplers","volume":"66","author":"Eisele","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2005.04.096","article-title":"Adsorption of water vapour from humid air by selected carbon adsorbents","volume":"1078","author":"Fastyn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0060","first-page":"1","article-title":"Distributions of air pollutants associated with oil and natural gas development measured in the upper green river basin of wyoming","volume":"3","author":"Field","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elementa"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0065","first-page":"145","article-title":"Diffusive sampling of air pollutants in US basins with oil and gas development","volume":"1","author":"Field","year":"2016","journal-title":"Air Pollut. XXIV"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/es000182x","article-title":"An investigation of the adsorption of C5\u2013C12 hydrocarbons in the ppmv and ppbv ranges on Carbotrap B","volume":"35","author":"Foley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2019.03.1633","article-title":"Bias in analytical chemistry: a review of selected procedures for incorporating uncorrected bias into the expanded uncertainty of analytical measurements and a graphical method for evaluating the concordance of reference and test procedures","volume":"495","author":"Frenkel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111707","article-title":"Passive sampling of toluene (and benzene) in indoor air using a semipermeable membrane device","volume":"208","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0085","unstructured":"GUM, 2008. Evaluation of measurement data \u2014 Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement. Int. Organ. Stand. Geneva ISBN 50, 134."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10580","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b02792","article-title":"Evaluation of a passive sampling method for long-term continuous monitoring of volatile organic compounds in urban environments","volume":"52","author":"Healy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2019.01.017","article-title":"Assessment of a passive sampling method and two on-line gas chromatographs for the measurement of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in ambient air at a highway site","volume":"10","author":"Healy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2021.101152","article-title":"Field evaluation of a low-uptake VOC passive sampler suitable for long-term deployments","volume":"12","author":"Healy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1145\/321062.321069","article-title":"Direct search of numerical and statistical problems","author":"Hooke","year":"1961","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Comput. Mach."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0110","article-title":"ISO - ISO 6145\u20137:2018 - Gas analysis \u2014 preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic methods \u2014 part 7: thermal mass-flow controllers [WWW Document]","author":"Iso 6145\u20137:2018","year":"2018","journal-title":"ISO."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0115","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diffusive uptake rates of volatile organic compounds on standard atd tubes for environmental and workplace applications","volume":"4","author":"Jia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. - MDPI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.09.019","article-title":"A comparison of figure of merit (FOM) for various materials in adsorptive removal of benzene under ambient temperature and pressure","volume":"168","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120201","article-title":"A wide range of toxic VOCs measured by dual-sorbent passive sampling with validation by field online measurements","volume":"314","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2020.08.007","article-title":"Indoor and outdoor concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene in some Italian schools evaluation of areas with different air pollution","volume":"11","author":"Lucialli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2004.09.078","article-title":"Measurements of environmental 1,3-butadiene with pumped and diffusive samplers using the sorbent Carbopack X","volume":"39","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.06.014","article-title":"Verification of diffusive and pumped samplers for volatile organic compounds using a controlled atmosphere test facility","volume":"44","author":"Martin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131808","article-title":"Diffusive uptake rates for passive air sampling: application to volatile organic compound exposure during FIREX-AQ campaign","volume":"287","author":"Miller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1021\/ac981291l","article-title":"Atmosphere generation system for the preparation of ambient air volatile organic compound standard mixtures","volume":"71","author":"P\u00e9rez Ballesta","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.02.047","article-title":"An approach for the evaluation of exposure patterns of urban populations to air pollution","volume":"42","author":"P\u00e9rez Ballesta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2015.12.032","article-title":"Validation and modelling of a novel diffusive sampler for determining concentrations of volatile organic compounds in air","volume":"908","author":"P\u00e9rez Ballesta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2020.461389","article-title":"Determination of recovery rates of adsorbents for sampling very volatile organic compounds (C1[sbnd]C6) in dry and humid air in the sub-ppb range by use of thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"1626","author":"Richter","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EM00215D","article-title":"Theory and modelling approaches to passive sampling","volume":"21","author":"Salim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-018-1004-z","article-title":"Analytical procedure for the determination of very volatile organic compounds (C3\u2013C6) in indoor air","volume":"410","author":"Schieweck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2020.07.014","article-title":"Observations of volatile organic and sulfur compounds in ambient air and health risk assessment near a paper mill in rural Idaho","volume":"11","author":"Scott","year":"2020","journal-title":"U. S. A. Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5283","DOI":"10.14233\/ajchem.2014.17373","article-title":"A study on optimal combination of adsorbents for sampling of C-4-C-10 hydrocarbons in ambient air and analysis with thermal desorption gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC\/MS)","volume":"26","author":"Seo","year":"2014","journal-title":"ASIAN J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2022.102711","article-title":"What are the limitations for the use of Carbopack X as passive or active sampling adsorbent for determination of 1,3-butadiene in ambient environment?","volume":"28","author":"Urupina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0195","unstructured":"US EPA, 2018. CFR Title 40 Chapter I Subchapter C Part 63 Subpart CC \u00a7 63.658 Fenceline monitoring provisions."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0200","unstructured":"US EPA, 2019a. Method 325A - Volatile Organic Compounds from Fugitive and Area Sources: Sampler Deployment and VOC Sample Collection."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0205","unstructured":"US EPA, 2019b. US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2019. Method 325B: Volatile Organic Compounds from Fugitive and Area Sources: Sampler Preparation and Analysis 17."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.02.213","article-title":"Passive sampling of volatile organic compounds in industrial atmospheres: Uptake rate determinations and application","volume":"666","author":"Vallecillos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.142903","article-title":"Presence of emerging organic contaminants and solvents in schools using passive sampling","volume":"764","author":"Vallecillos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0225","article-title":"Prediction and validation of diffusive uptake rates for indoor volatile organic compounds in axial passive samplers","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energ. Built. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EM00194E","article-title":"Passive air sampling for semi-volatile organic chemicals","volume":"22","author":"Wania","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2012.07.011","article-title":"Improvement of uptake rate equations depending on meteorological conditions for 25 volatile organic compounds","volume":"99","author":"Ylmaz Civan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Talanta"}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412023003926?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412023003926?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T12:30:32Z","timestamp":1758976232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412023003926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0160412023003926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using the POD sampler for quantitative diffusive (passive) monitoring of volatile and very volatile organics in ambient air: Sampling rates and analytical performance","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108119","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108119"}}