{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:24:51Z","timestamp":1793139891161,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008751","name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1322-782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1322-782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008751","name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1323-102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1323-102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T05:08:40Z","timestamp":1692940120000},"page":"108172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Complex intestinal and hepatic in vitro barrier models reveal information on uptake and impact of micro-, submicro- and nanoplastics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Maxi B.","family":"Paul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"B\u00f6hmert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I-Lun","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Braeuning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Sieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114158","article-title":"The emerging risk of exposure to nano(micro)plastics on endocrine disturbance and reproductive toxicity: from a hypothetical scenario to a global public health challenge","volume":"261","author":"Amereh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)91647-U","article-title":"Correlation between oral drug absorption in humans and apparent drug permeability coefficients in human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells","volume":"175","author":"Artursson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EN01005F","article-title":"Towards more realistic reference microplastics and nanoplastics: preparation of polyethylene micro\/nanoparticles with a biosurfactant","volume":"6","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8932","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b01090","article-title":"Potential health impact of environmentally released micro- and nanoplastics in the human food production chain: experiences from nanotoxicology","volume":"49","author":"Bouwmeester","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110536","article-title":"Investigations of acute effects of polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride micro- and nanoplastics in an advanced in vitro triple culture model of the healthy and inflamed intestine","volume":"193","author":"Busch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.133514","article-title":"The micro-, submicron-, and nanoplastic hunt: a review of detection methods for plastic particles","volume":"293","author":"Caldwell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3915","article-title":"Potential health impact of environmental micro-and nanoplastics pollution","volume":"40","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22001","article-title":"A portable cryo-plunger for on-site intact cryogenic microscopy sample preparation in natural environments","volume":"75","author":"Comolli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9918(200007)29:7<431::AID-SIA886>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"XPS and ToF-SIMS study of freeze-dried and thermally cured melamine-formaldehyde resins of different molar ratios","volume":"29","author":"Coullerez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surf. Interface Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7068","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b01517","article-title":"Human consumption of microplastics","volume":"53","author":"Cox","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"da Silva Brito, W.A., Mutter, F., Wende, K., Cecchini, A.L., Schmidt, A., Bekeschus, S., 2022. Consequences of nano and microplastic exposure in rodent models: the known and unknown. Particle Fibre Toxicol. 19, 28.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-022-00473-y"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.127861","article-title":"A rapid review and meta-regression analyses of the toxicological impacts of microplastic exposure in human cells","volume":"427","author":"Danopoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2021.112609","article-title":"Toxicity, uptake, and nuclear translocation of ingested micro-nanoplastics in an in vitro model of the small intestinal epithelium","volume":"158","author":"Deloid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"des Rieux, A., Fievez, V., Th\u00e9ate, I., Mast, J., Pr\u00e9at, V., Schneider, Y.-J., 2007. An improved in vitro model of human intestinal follicle-associated epithelium to study nanoparticle transport by M cells. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 30, 380\u2013391.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2006.12.006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116974","article-title":"Tissue distribution of polystyrene nanoplastics in mice and their entry, transport, and cytotoxicity to GES-1 cells","volume":"280","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02805-3","article-title":"Interactions of polystyrene nanoplastics with in vitro models of the human intestinal barrier","volume":"94","author":"Domenech","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0085","first-page":"e04501","article-title":"Presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in food, with particular focus on seafood","volume":"14","author":"Efsa","year":"2016","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1295\/polymj.28.901","article-title":"Spectral analysis of polystyrene, polypropylene, and poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers in TOF SIMS and XPS by MO calculations using the model oligomers","volume":"28","author":"Endo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Polym. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3109\/10611869509015936","article-title":"Factors affecting the oral uptake and translocation of polystyrene nanoparticles: histological and analytical evidence","volume":"3","author":"Florence","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Drug Target."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-018-1576-7","article-title":"Oxidative stress and genomic damage induced in vitro in human peripheral blood by two preventive treatments of iron deficiency anemia","volume":"190","author":"Gambaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156089","article-title":"Evaluation of potential toxicity of polyethylene microplastics on human derived cell lines","volume":"838","author":"Gautam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, D.O.F.S., Unit Effect\u2010based Analytics, Unit, T., Nanotoxicology Junior Research Group, B., Germany, Shopova, S., Sieg, H., Braeuning, A., 2020. Risk assessment and toxicological research on micro\u2010and nanoplastics after oral exposure via food products. EFSA J. 18, e181102.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2020.e181102"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249519","article-title":"Mass spectrometric imaging of plasma membrane lipid alteration correlated with amperometrically measured activity-dependent plasticity in exocytosis","volume":"21","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b05297","article-title":"Are we speaking the same language? Recommendations for a definition and categorization framework for plastic debris","volume":"53","author":"Hartmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2019.104610","article-title":"Multi-endpoint toxicological assessment of polystyrene nano- and microparticles in different biological models in vitro","volume":"61","author":"Hesler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200874","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202200874","article-title":"Aqueous dispersions of polypropylene: toward reference materials for characterizing nanoplastics","volume":"44","author":"Hildebrandt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Macromol. Rapid Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104147","article-title":"Microplastics detected in cirrhotic liver tissue","volume":"82","author":"Horvatits","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117006","article-title":"The reactive oxygen species as pathogenic factors of fragmented microplastics to macrophages","volume":"281","author":"Jeon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0145","unstructured":"Lea, T., 2015. Caco-2 cell line. In: Verhoeckx, K., Cotter, P., Lopez-Exposito, I., Kleiveland, C., Lea, T., Mackie, A., Requena, T., Swiatecka, D., Wichers, H. (Eds.) The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health: In vitro and Ex vivo Models. Cham (CH)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02750-1","article-title":"A novel 3D intestine barrier model to study the immune response upon exposure to microplastics","volume":"94","author":"Lehner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2015-0145","article-title":"Impact of food components during in vitro digestion of silver nanoparticles on cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in intestinal cells","volume":"396","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2016.12.004","article-title":"It takes more than a coating to get nanoparticles through the intestinal barrier in vitro","volume":"118","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13087","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.7b01851","article-title":"Dosimetric quantification of coating-related uptake of silver nanoparticles","volume":"33","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1677-z","article-title":"Comparative analysis of 3D culture methods on human HepG2 cells","volume":"91","author":"Luckert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2008.05.006","article-title":"Characterization of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cocultures in an in vitro digestion\/cell culture model used to predict iron bioavailability","volume":"20","author":"Mahler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2012.3","article-title":"Oral exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles affects iron absorption","volume":"7","author":"Mahler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.1021\/ac035532n","article-title":"Depth profiling of 4-acetamindophenol-doped poly(lactic acid) films using cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry","volume":"76","author":"Mahoney","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/ftox.2021.636640","article-title":"Micro and nanoplastics identification: classic methods and innovative detection techniques","volume":"3","author":"Mariano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.132944","article-title":"Activation of pyroptosis and ferroptosis is involved in the hepatotoxicity induced by polystyrene microplastics in mice","volume":"291","author":"Mu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NA00539H","article-title":"Micro-and nanoplastics\u2013current state of knowledge with the focus on oral uptake and toxicity","volume":"2","author":"Paul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s43591-022-00036-0","article-title":"Beyond microplastics-investigation on health impacts of submicron and nanoplastic particles after oral uptake in vitro","volume":"2","author":"Paul","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microplast. Nanoplast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0215","series-title":"Plastics - the Facts 2022","author":"Plasticseurope","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123660","article-title":"Contamination issues as a challenge in quality control and quality assurance in microplastics analytics","volume":"403","author":"Prata","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0225","series-title":"Plastic pollution","author":"Ritchie","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400507g","article-title":"Development of an advanced intestinal in vitro triple culture permeability model to study transport of nanoparticles","volume":"11","author":"Schimpel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2018.12.014","article-title":"Methods for the analysis of submicrometer-and nanoplastic particles in the environment","volume":"112","author":"Schwaferts","year":"2019","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.105021","article-title":"Uptake and cellular effects of PE, PP, PET and PVC microplastic particles","volume":"70","author":"Stock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2022.105314","article-title":"Microplastics and nanoplastics: size, surface and dispersant\u2013What causes the effect?","volume":"80","author":"Stock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9010072","article-title":"Current insights into monitoring, bioaccumulation, and potential health effects of microplastics present in the food chain","volume":"9","author":"van Raamsdonk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2014.944599","article-title":"Translocation of differently sized and charged polystyrene nanoparticles in in vitro intestinal cell models of increasing complexity","volume":"9","author":"Walczak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1021\/js960110x","article-title":"HT29-MTX\/Caco-2 cocultures as an in vitro model for the intestinal epithelium: in vitro-in vivo correlation with permeability data from rats and humans","volume":"85","author":"Walter","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0265","unstructured":"World Health Organization, 2022. Dietary and inhalation exposure to nano-and microplastic particles and potential implications for human health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.01.056","article-title":"Size-dependent effects of polystyrene microplastics on cytotoxicity and efflux pump inhibition in human Caco-2cells","volume":"221","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051509","article-title":"Toxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics in mammalian systems","volume":"17","author":"Yong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143085","article-title":"Proinflammatory properties and lipid disturbance of polystyrene microplastics in the livers of mice with acute colitis","volume":"750","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412023004452?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412023004452?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T12:34:04Z","timestamp":1758976444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412023004452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0160412023004452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Complex intestinal and hepatic in vitro barrier models reveal information on uptake and impact of micro-, submicro- and nanoplastics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108172","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108172"}}