{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:13:23Z","timestamp":1789100003490,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004241","name":"China Primary Health Care Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72474005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72474005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T11:01:02Z","timestamp":1750849262000},"page":"109638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Global, regional, and national burden of neonatal diseases attributable to fine particulate matter air pollution, 1990\u20132050"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"202","author":[{"given":"Zhe","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaogang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1938-9365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0005","unstructured":"Air pollution data portal [WWW Document], 2025. URL https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\/data\/themes\/air-pollution (accessed 9.28.24)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0010","unstructured":"Air quality guidelines global update 2006. [WWW Document], 2024. URL https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-SDE-PHE-OEH-06.02 (accessed 9.30.24)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.125851","article-title":"Emerging challenges of air pollution and particulate matter in China, India, and Pakistan and mitigating solutions","volume":"416","author":"Anwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.113513","article-title":"The carbon dioxide neutralizing effect of energy innovation on international tourism in EU-5 countries under the prism of the EKC hypothesis","volume":"298","author":"Balsalobre-Lorente","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1070","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(24)00241-X","article-title":"The 2024 China report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: launching a new low-carbon, healthy journey","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e760","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00287-4","article-title":"New WHO global air quality guidelines: more pressure on nations to reduce air pollution levels","volume":"5","author":"Carvalho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(13)60383-6","article-title":"Spatial and temporal variation of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in 26 cities in China","volume":"26","author":"Chai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. (China)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107523","article-title":"Effects of air pollution on the nervous system and its possible role in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"210","author":"Costa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-025-01155-w","article-title":"The burden and trend prediction of ischemic heart disease associated with lead exposure: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021","volume":"24","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, Z., Wang, F., Mei, Z., Huang, X., Gao, L., Zheng, L., Lin, Y., Hu, X., 2025. Trends in the Burden of Epilepsy in China from 1990 to 2021 and Its Forecast until 2044: Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. QJM hcaf037. Doi: 10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaf037.","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaf037"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2012.08.017","article-title":"Characterizing the PM2.5-related health benefits of emission reductions for 17 industrial, area and mobile emission sectors across the U.S","volume":"49","author":"Fann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(23)00214-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in older adults aged 60-89 years from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"5","author":"Fu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e535","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(22)00090-0","article-title":"Pollution and health: a progress update","volume":"6","author":"Fuller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.10.231","article-title":"Haze, public health and mitigation measures in China: a review of the current evidence for further policy response","volume":"578","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32130-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"390","author":"GBD DALYs and HALE Collaborators","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"390","author":"GBD Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32203-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"GBD Causes of Death Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"GBD Diseases and Injuries Collaborators","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Gbd Risk Factors Collaborators","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00367-2","article-title":"Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"403","author":"GBD Causes of Death Collaborators","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00757-8","volume":"403","author":"GBD Diseases and Injuries Collaborators","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00933-4","article-title":"Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"403","author":"GBD Risk Factors Collaborators","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0115","article-title":"Ambient and household PM2.5 pollution and adverse perinatal outcomes: a meta-regression and analysis of attributable global burden for 204 countries and territories","volume":"18","author":"Ghosh","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2018.01.016","article-title":"Air Pollution exposure during fetal life, brain morphology, and cognitive function in school-age children","volume":"84","author":"Guxens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0125","article-title":"Air pollution is a public health emergency","volume":"378","author":"Holgate","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2022.04.015","article-title":"Global disease burden of COPD from 1990 to 2019 and prediction of future disease burden trend in China","volume":"208","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adp7832","article-title":"Toward cleaner air and better health: current state, challenges, and priorities","volume":"385","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-021-00995-5","article-title":"Air pollution and children\u2019s health-a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter","volume":"26","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Health Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0145","article-title":"Analysis of the relationship between environmental particulate matter exposure and congenital diseases, as well as the epidemiological trends and burden of impact on newborns","volume":"289","author":"Julaiti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112453","article-title":"On the influence of demographic structure and industrial growth on environmental quality","volume":"288","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102985","article-title":"Global, regional, and national trends in drug use disorder mortality rates across 73 countries from 1990 to 2021, with projections up to 2040: a global time-series analysis and modelling study","volume":"79","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanhl.2024.100672","article-title":"Temporal trends and patterns in mortality from falls across 59high-income and upper-middle-income countries, 1990-2021, with projections up to 2040: a global time-series analysis and modelling study","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32345-0","article-title":"The Lancet Commission on pollution and health","volume":"391","author":"Landrigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa025","article-title":"Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective","volume":"116","author":"Lelieveld","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107756","article-title":"Source sectors underlying PM2.5-related deaths among children under 5years of age in 17 low- and middle-income countries","volume":"172","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.06.022","article-title":"Mining of the association rules between industrialization level and air quality to inform high-quality development in China","volume":"246","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116205","article-title":"Global trends and burden of stroke attributable to particulate matter pollution from 1990 to 2019","volume":"274","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.161975","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of preterm birth attributable to ambient and household PM2.5 from 1990 to 2019: Worsening or improving?","volume":"871","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1361","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00386-2","article-title":"Maps of solid-fuel use and household air pollution","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.3024","article-title":"Prenatal air pollution and newborns\u2019 predisposition to accelerated biological aging","volume":"171","author":"Martens","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108455","article-title":"Spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of the urban air pollution island effect for 2273 cities in China","volume":"184","author":"Niu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03520-2020","article-title":"Household air pollution and adult respiratory health","volume":"57","author":"Norb\u00e4ck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119465","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and adverse birth outcomes: an umbrella review of 36 systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"306","author":"Nyadanu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70192-9","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and low birthweight: a European cohort study (ESCAPE)","volume":"1","author":"Pedersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0225","article-title":"Environmental risks and non-communicable diseases","volume":"364","author":"Pr\u00fcss-Ust\u00fcn","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116671","article-title":"The spatial-temporal evolution mechanism of PM2.5 concentration based on China\u2019s climate zoning","volume":"325","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.08.031","article-title":"Lung effects of household air pollution","volume":"10","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.161608","article-title":"A preliminary analysis of global neonatal disorders burden attributable to PM2.5 from 1990 to 2019","volume":"870","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.201500263","article-title":"Projecting the future burden of cancer: Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis with integrated nested Laplace approximations","volume":"59","author":"Riebler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biom. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01822-1","article-title":"The 2024 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: facing record-breaking threats from delayed action","volume":"404","author":"Romanello","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0688-z","article-title":"Air pollution-induced placental alterations: an interplay of oxidative stress, epigenetics, and the aging phenotype?","volume":"11","author":"Saenen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.276","article-title":"A review on Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis using bibliometric and meta-analysis","volume":"649","author":"Sarkodie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.p2020","article-title":"Protecting populations from the health harms of air pollution","volume":"383","author":"Sullivan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10068","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610068","article-title":"The Association between the Burden of PM2.5-Related Neonatal Preterm Birth and Socio-Demographic Index from 1990 to 2019: a Global Burden Study","volume":"19","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00448-3","article-title":"Air pollution-time to address the silent killer","volume":"9","author":"The Lancet Respiratory Medicine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-018-0215-y","article-title":"Air pollution, early life microbiome, and development","volume":"5","author":"Vall\u00e8s","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Environ. Health Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30677-2","article-title":"Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"396","author":"Vollset","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(23)00148-7","article-title":"Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.4872","article-title":"Association of long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter of 1 \u03bcm or less with preterm birth in China","volume":"172","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.03.026","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and low birth weight - are some women more vulnerable than others?","volume":"104","author":"Westergaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0305","unstructured":"WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide [WWW Document], 2024. URL https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240034228 (accessed 9.30.24)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15050-x","article-title":"Disease burden and attributable risk factors of neonatal disorders and their specific causes in China from 1990 to 2019 and its prediction to 2024","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32788","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-17732-8","article-title":"Global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution and household air pollution from solid fuels from 1990 to 2019","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6922","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c04548","article-title":"Tracking PM2.5 and O3 pollution and the related health burden in China 2013-2020","volume":"56","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.111134","article-title":"Reexamining the relationship between urbanization and pollutant emissions in China based on the STIRPAT model","volume":"273","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwad263","article-title":"Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China\u2019s clean air actions: progress in efficacy and geographic equality","volume":"11","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.066","article-title":"Maternal serum metabolome and traffic-related air pollution exposure in pregnancy","volume":"130","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21928-9","article-title":"Burden of neurological diseases in Asia, from 1990 to 2021 andits predicted level to 2045: a Global Burden of Disease study","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00004-6","article-title":"The effect of China\u2019s Clean Air Act on cognitive function in older adults: a population-based, quasi-experimental study","volume":"3","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.103051","article-title":"Global, regional, national burden of asthma from 1990 to 2021, with projections of incidence to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"80","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.117771","article-title":"The invisible threat: a 30-year review of air pollution\u2019s impact on diarrhoea from the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"291","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.104996","article-title":"Evolution of the life cycle primary PM2.5 emissions in globalized production systems","volume":"131","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/484161a","article-title":"Policy: cleaning China\u2019s air","volume":"484","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24463","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1907956116","article-title":"Drivers of improved PM2.5 air quality in China from 2013 to 2017","volume":"116","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.20717","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and cerebral palsy","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.114560","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of ambient and household PM2.5-related neonatal disorders, 1990-2019","volume":"252","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109300","article-title":"Air pollution-related disease and economic burden in China, 1990-2050: a modelling study based on Global burden of disease","volume":"196","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Int."}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412025003897?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412025003897?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T08:39:35Z","timestamp":1777019975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412025003897"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S0160412025003897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Global, regional, and national burden of neonatal diseases attributable to fine particulate matter air pollution, 1990\u20132050","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109638","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109638"}}