{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T01:38:25Z","timestamp":1793151505056,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01-ES049030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01-ES049030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011541","name":"National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z01-CP010119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z01-CP010119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011541","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T15:41:50Z","timestamp":1768750910000},"page":"110082","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pesticides associated with incident diabetes among licensed private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study cohort (1993\u20132021)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"208","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5734-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine G.","family":"Parks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Wilkerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1043-5812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan N.","family":"Hofmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Beane Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale P.","family":"Sandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.96104362","article-title":"The agricultural health study","volume":"104","author":"Alavanja","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/15459620701301763","article-title":"Uses of and exposure to trichloroethylene in U.S. industry: a systematic literature review","volume":"4","author":"Bakke","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Hyg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200201000-00015","article-title":"Reliability of reporting on life-style and agricultural factors by a sample of participants in the agricultural health study from Iowa","volume":"13","author":"Blair","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2010.059469","article-title":"Impact of pesticide exposure misclassification on estimates of relative risks in the agricultural health study","volume":"68","author":"Blair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108821","article-title":"Persistent organic pollutants disrupt the oxidant\/antioxidant balance of INS-1E pancreatic \u03b2-cells causing their physiological dysfunctions","volume":"190","author":"Bresson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.99","article-title":"Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: current knowledge and implications for management","volume":"13","author":"Buzzetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP527","article-title":"Association between exposure to p,p'-DDT and its metabolite p,p'-DDE with obesity: integrated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Cano-Sancho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0040","article-title":"Effect of phorate on the development of hyperglycaemia in mouse and resistance genes in intestinal microbiota","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4608","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8124608","article-title":"An updated algorithm for estimation of pesticide exposure intensity in the agricultural health study","volume":"8","author":"Coble","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108685","article-title":"Organophosphorus pesticides can influence the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes with concomitant metabolic changes","volume":"178","author":"Czajka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0055","unstructured":"Disease associated with exposure to certain herbicide agents: type 2 diabetes. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2001 66(89), 23166-23169."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12080600","article-title":"Associations between glyphosate exposure and glycemic disorders: a focus on the modifying effect of sex hormones","volume":"12","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.02.013","article-title":"Exposure to pesticides and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Evangelou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2010.02.010","article-title":"Biomarkers of pesticide exposure and diabetes in the 1999-2004 national health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"36","author":"Everett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-84694-5","article-title":"Associations between environmental glyphosate exposure and glucose homeostasis indices in US general adults: a national population-based cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.761439","article-title":"Potential hazards of fumigant residues","volume":"14","author":"Fishbein","year":"1976","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"8101","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92197-9","article-title":"Glucose tolerance and occupational exposure to carbon disulphide","volume":"2","author":"Franco","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106875","article-title":"Advancements in understanding the role and mechanisms of mitochondria in diabetes: a comprehensive review","volume":"255","author":"Ge","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu307","article-title":"Dose-response relationship between serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis","volume":"181","author":"Goodman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119582","article-title":"Associations of serum persistent organic pollutant concentrations with incident diabetes in midlife women: the study of women\u2019s health across the nation multi-pollutant study","volume":"260","author":"Grant-Alfieri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2020.10.016","article-title":"The role of the liver in the modulation of glucose and insulin in non alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"55","author":"Guerra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2020-106439","article-title":"Exposure to cholinesterase inhibiting insecticides and blood glucose level in a population of Ugandan smallholder farmers","volume":"77","author":"Hansen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00129-8","article-title":"Disparities in diabetes prevalence and management by race and ethnicity in the USA: defining a path forward","volume":"11","author":"Hassan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.2337\/dci20-0053","article-title":"Social determinants of health and diabetes: a scientific review","volume":"44","author":"Hill-Briggs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0125","first-page":"620","article-title":"Determinants of captan air and dermal exposures among orchard pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study","volume":"55","author":"Hines","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500232","article-title":"Accuracy of self-reported pesticide use duration information from licensed pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study","volume":"12","author":"Hoppin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0135","article-title":"Metabolite of the pesticide DDT and incident type 2 diabetes in urban India","volume":"133","author":"Jaacks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000189","article-title":"Validity of diabetes self-reports in the Women\u2019s Health Initiative","volume":"21","author":"Jackson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0145","article-title":"Glyphosate potentiates insulin resistance in skeletal muscle through the modulation of IRS-1\/PI3K\/Akt mediated mechanisms: an in vivo and in silico analysis","volume":"242","author":"Jayaraman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10110670","article-title":"Petroleum in pesticides: a need to change regulatory toxicology","volume":"10","author":"Jungers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-018-0692-5","article-title":"Association between diabetes and pesticides: a case-control study among Thai farmers","volume":"23","author":"Juntarawijit","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Health Prev. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0130-1","article-title":"Melatonin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity","volume":"15","author":"Karamitri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.21580","article-title":"Permethrin alters adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and causes insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2015.1074844","article-title":"Pesticide exposures and body mass index (BMI) of pesticide applicators from the agricultural health study","volume":"78","author":"LaVerda","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Toxic. Environ. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00712","article-title":"Persistent Organic Pollutants and Type 2 Diabetes: a critical Review of Review Articles","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (lausanne)."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0543","article-title":"A strong dose-response relation between serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and diabetes: results from the National Health and Examination Survey 1999-2002","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901480","article-title":"Low dose of some persistent organic pollutants predicts type 2 diabetes: a nested case-control study","volume":"118","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21352","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c05013","article-title":"Permethrin stimulates fat accumulation via regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites in mice","volume":"73","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.138865","article-title":"Co-exposure of organophosphorus pesticides is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population","volume":"332","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0200","unstructured":"Magliano, D.J., Boyko, E.J., committee IDFDAtes. 2021. IDF Diabetes Atlas. Idf diabetes atlas. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation \u00a9 International Diabetes Federation."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2021.101234","article-title":"Exposure to persistent organic pollutants and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a case-cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Magliano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbd.2020.100746","article-title":"Transcriptome and physiological effects of toxaphene on the liver-gonad reproductive axis in male and female largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","volume":"36","author":"Martyniuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part D Genomics Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.110764","article-title":"Organochlorine pesticides: agrochemicals with potent endocrine-disrupting properties in fish","volume":"507","author":"Martyniuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14546","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93868-4","article-title":"The association between environmental exposures to chlordanes, adiposity and diabetes-related features: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Mendes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn028","article-title":"Incident diabetes and pesticide exposure among licensed pesticide applicators: agricultural Health Study, 1993-2003","volume":"167","author":"Montgomery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2012.11.015","article-title":"Persistent organochlorinated pesticides and mechanisms of their toxicity","volume":"307","author":"Mrema","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-024-01098-8","article-title":"Associations between urine glyphosate levels and metabolic health risks: insights from a large cross-sectional population-based study","volume":"23","author":"Otaru","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-022-01486-9","article-title":"Risk of type 2 diabetes among individuals with excess weight: weight trajectory effects","volume":"22","author":"Owora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Diab. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2012.11.008","article-title":"Sublethal exposures of diazinon alters glucose homostasis in Wistar rats: Biochemical and molecular evidences of oxidative stress in adipose tissues","volume":"105","author":"Pakzad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.12.043","article-title":"Environmental pyrethroid exposure and diabetes in U.S. adults","volume":"172","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2025.111621","article-title":"Chronic exposure to organochlorine pesticide mixture induces type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated metabolic dysregulation in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"418","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010746","article-title":"An environment-wide association study (EWAS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"5","author":"Patel","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.6b00301","article-title":"Carbamate insecticides target human melatonin receptors","volume":"30","author":"Popovska-Gorevski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.108","article-title":"Malathion exposure and insulin resistance among a group of farmers in Al-Sharkia governorate","volume":"45","author":"Raafat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0890-5","article-title":"Effects of exposure to malathion on blood glucose concentration: a meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Ramirez-Vargas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115350","article-title":"Cross-sectional associations of persistent organic pollutants measured in adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome in clinically diagnosed middle-aged adults","volume":"222","author":"Reina-P\u00e9rez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4137\/EHI.S31906","article-title":"Carbon Disulfide (CS2) interference in glucose metabolism from unconventional oil and gas extraction and processing emissions","volume":"10","author":"Rich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2025.104705","article-title":"Are glyphosate or glyphosate-based herbicides linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)? The weight of current evidence","volume":"116","author":"Riechelmann-Casarin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1832","article-title":"Pesticide exposure and self-reported gestational diabetes mellitus in the agricultural health study","volume":"30","author":"Saldana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2489","article-title":"Novel subgroups of type 2 diabetes display different epigenetic patterns that associate with future diabetic complications","volume":"45","author":"Schrader","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1375459","article-title":"Epigenetic link between agent orange exposure and type 2 diabetes in Korean veterans","volume":"15","author":"Seo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2019-105724","article-title":"Overall and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of farmers and their spouses","volume":"76","author":"Shrestha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2010.02.012","article-title":"Strong associations between low-dose organochlorine pesticides and type 2 diabetes in Korea","volume":"36","author":"Son","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12325","article-title":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, risk of type 2 diabetes, and diabetes-related metabolic traits: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Diabetes"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2013-101659","article-title":"Pesticide use and incident diabetes among wives of farmers in the agricultural health study","volume":"71","author":"Starling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"8003","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07019-6","article-title":"Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology","volume":"627","author":"Suzuki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19126-0","article-title":"Relationship of urinary glyphosate concentrations with glycosylated hemoglobin and diabetes in US adults: a cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205502","article-title":"Evaluation of the association between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and diabetes in epidemiological studies: a national toxicology program workshop review","volume":"121","author":"Taylor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104597","article-title":"Role of environmental chemicals in diabetes and obesity: a national toxicology program workshop review","volume":"120","author":"Thayer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2009.54","article-title":"Assessment of a pesticide exposure intensity algorithm in the agricultural health study","volume":"20","author":"Thomas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Eposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.04.017","article-title":"Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants and type 2 diabetes - a population-based study with pre- and post- diagnostic plasma samples","volume":"174","author":"Tornevi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800281","article-title":"Organochlorine exposure and incidence of diabetes in a cohort of Great Lakes sport fish consumers","volume":"117","author":"Turyk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2008.08.004","article-title":"Effect of the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon on glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetic rats","volume":"182","author":"Ueyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanplh.2025.06.007","article-title":"DDT: last mile in the global phase-out of its use for disease vector control?","volume":"9","author":"van den Berg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1050","article-title":"Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses","volume":"33","author":"Vandenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149000","article-title":"The concentration of persistent organic pollutants in water resources: a global systematic review, meta-analysis and probabilistic risk assessment","volume":"796","author":"Vasseghian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-010-0417-9","article-title":"Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) as new Stockholm convention POPs\u2013a global perspective on the management of Lindane and its waste isomers","volume":"18","author":"Vijgen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0390","article-title":"Associations of neonicotinoids with insulin and glucose homeostasis parameters in US adults: NHANES 2015-2016","volume":"286","author":"Vuong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.109123","article-title":"Quantitative measures of recent and lifetime agricultural pesticide use are associated with increased pesticide concentrations in house dust","volume":"193","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.125519","article-title":"Multiple pesticide exposure and impaired glucose regulation in U.S. non-diabetic population","volume":"366","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.12.010","article-title":"Persistent organic pollutants and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective investigation among middle-aged women in Nurses' Health Study II","volume":"114","author":"Zong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."}],"container-title":["Environment International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412026000401?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0160412026000401?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T13:49:47Z","timestamp":1782913787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0160412026000401"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["S0160412026000401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082","relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-4120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-4120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pesticides associated with incident diabetes among licensed private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study cohort (1993\u20132021)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environment International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110082","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110082"}}