{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:18:38Z","timestamp":1789669118138,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC0213300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC0213300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41773068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41773068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41822701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41822701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T20:25:21Z","timestamp":1620073521000},"page":"117216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Uncertainty of nitrogen budget in China"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"Xiuming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenchen","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baojing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deli","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13609","article-title":"Producing more grain with lower environmental costs","volume":"514","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1221638110","article-title":"Centennial-scale analysis of the creation and fate of reactive nitrogen in China (1910\u20132010)","volume":"110","author":"Cui","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12261","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-12261-2019","article-title":"NH3 emissions from large point sources derived from CrIS and IASI satellite observations","volume":"19","author":"Dammers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14699-x","article-title":"Aggravation of reactive nitrogen flow driven by human production and consumption in Guangzhou City China","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2014.09.005","article-title":"Inorganic nitrogen deposition in China's forests: status and characteristics","volume":"98","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib6","series-title":"Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR v5.0)","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib7","series-title":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Online Statistical Databases","author":"Faostat","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20130164","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0164","article-title":"The global nitrogen cycle in the twenty-first century","volume":"368","author":"Fowler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib9","author":"FRCGC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138897","article-title":"A temporal-spatial analysis and future trends of ammonia emissions in China","volume":"731","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib11","article-title":"The role of industrial nitrogen in the global nitrogen biogeochemical cycle","volume":"3","author":"Gu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep.-UK"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8792","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1510211112","article-title":"Integrated reactive nitrogen budgets and future trends in China","volume":"112","author":"Gu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1007\/s10113-016-1101-5","article-title":"Nitrogen use efficiencies in Chinese agricultural systems and implications for food security and environmental protection","volume":"17","author":"Gu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reg. Environ. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b06370","article-title":"Toward a generic analytical framework for sustainable nitrogen management: application for China","volume":"53","author":"Gu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib15","series-title":"Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen in China: Emission, Deposition and Environmental Impacts","first-page":"87","article-title":"Reactive nitrogen budgets in China","author":"Gu","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115012","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/9\/11\/115012","article-title":"A nitrogen budget for Denmark; developments between 1990 and 2010, and prospects for the future","volume":"9","author":"Hutchings","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-2043-2016","article-title":"High-resolution ammonia emissions inventories in China from 1980 to 2012","volume":"16","author":"Kang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12761","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-12761-2020","article-title":"Long-term historical trends in air pollutant emissions in Asia: regional Emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 3","volume":"20","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11019","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-11019-2013","article-title":"Emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases over Asian regions during 2000\u20132008: regional Emission inventory in Asia (REAS) version 2","volume":"13","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114002","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/11\/11\/114002","article-title":"Recent reduction in NOx emissions over China: synthesis of satellite observations and emission inventories","volume":"2016","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9050467","article-title":"Ground ammonia concentrations over China derived from satellite and atmospheric transport modeling","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens.-Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib25","series-title":"Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen in China","author":"Liu","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2019.10.002","article-title":"Mitigation options to reduce nitrogen losses to water from crop and livestock production in China","volume":"40","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Environ. Sust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib27","article-title":"The trends of aquacultural nitrogen budget and its environmental implications in China","volume":"8","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep.-UK"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.03.134","article-title":"Temporal and spatial evolution of nitrous oxide emissions in China: assessment, strategy and recommendation","volume":"223","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib31","first-page":"505","article-title":"Soil nitrogen budgets","volume":"49","author":"Meisinger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nitrogen Agric. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2017.01.001","article-title":"Livestock: on our plates or eating at our table? A new analysis of the feed\/food debate","volume":"14","author":"Mottet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Food Secur."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib33","series-title":"National Bureau of Statistics of China. China Statistical Yearbook (2000-2018)","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(03)00067-4","article-title":"Approaches and uncertainties in nutrient budgets: implications for nutrient management and environmental policies","volume":"20","author":"Oenema","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2020.07.005","article-title":"Estimating global terrestrial denitrification from measured N2O:(N2O+ N2) product ratios","volume":"47","author":"Scheer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Environ. Sust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib36","first-page":"79","article-title":"Ammonia emission and concentration in the atmosphere over China","volume":"1997","author":"Sun","year":"1997","journal-title":"Na Amohra Na"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1029\/2018EF000822","article-title":"Long-term trends of anthropogenic SO2, NOx, CO, and NMVOCs emissions in China","volume":"6","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Earth's Future"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-011-9606-y","article-title":"A nitrogen budget of mainland China with spatial and temporal variation","volume":"108","author":"Ti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib39","first-page":"493","article-title":"Inventories and distribution characteristics of NOx emissions in China","volume":"21","author":"Tian","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue\/China Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JG001393","article-title":"Net exchanges of CO2, CH4, and N2O between China's terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere and their contributions to global climate warming","volume":"116","author":"Tian","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.Geophys. Res. Biogeosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib41","first-page":"619","article-title":"A preliminary inventory of NH3-N emission and its temporal and spatial distribution of China","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Agro Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1002\/2016GL072305","article-title":"Increased atmospheric ammonia over the world's major agricultural areas detected from space","volume":"44","author":"Warner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106022","article-title":"Changes of nitrogen deposition in China from 1980 to 2018","volume":"144","author":"Wen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-019-0061-2","article-title":"A database of atmospheric nitrogen concentration and deposition from the nationwide monitoring network in China","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1001-1","article-title":"Managing nitrogen to restore water quality in China","volume":"567","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.01.011","article-title":"Rebuilding the linkage between livestock and cropland to mitigate agricultural pollution in China","volume":"144","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-339-2018","article-title":"Agricultural ammonia emissions in China: reconciling bottom-up and top-down estimates","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GB006060","article-title":"Quantifying nutrient budgets for sustainable nutrient management","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Biogeochem. Cycles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-2295-2011","article-title":"Quantifying the uncertainties of a bottom-up emission inventory of anthropogenic atmospheric pollutants in China","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14095","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-14095-2018","article-title":"Trends in China's anthropogenic emissions since 2010 as the consequence of clean air actions","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8538","DOI":"10.1021\/es5018027","article-title":"A new high-resolution N2O emission inventory for China in 2008","volume":"48","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib52","article-title":"Significant accumulation of nitrate in Chinese semi-humid croplands","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep.-UK"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2017.08.019","article-title":"Grassland degradation remote sensing monitoring and driving factors quantitative assessment in China from 1982 to 2010","volume":"83","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Indicat."}],"container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0269749121007983?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0269749121007983?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T22:02:45Z","timestamp":1759442565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0269749121007983"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0269749121007983"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/essoar.10508711.1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0269-7491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-7491","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Uncertainty of nitrogen budget in China","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Pollution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117216","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117216"}}