{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:31:50Z","timestamp":1790533910788,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000194","name":"U.S. Department of State","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2000006097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2000006097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000194","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,24]],"date-time":"2021-07-24T06:03:51Z","timestamp":1627106631000},"page":"117825","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Iron turning waste: Low cost and sustainable permeable reactive barrier media for remediating dieldrin, endrin, DDT and lindane in groundwater"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"289","author":[{"given":"Tauqeer","family":"Abbas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanush","family":"Wadhawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2559-6173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"McEvoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6729-2170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eakalak","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2013.03.015","article-title":"Synthesis of high magnetization hydrophilic magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles in single reaction\u2014surfactantless polyol process","volume":"39","author":"Abbas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.05.424","article-title":"Iron turning waste media for treating Endosulfan and Heptachlor contaminated water","volume":"685","author":"Abbas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.122980","article-title":"Virgin (Fe0) and microbially regenerated (Fe2+) iron turning waste for treating chlorinated pesticides in water","volume":"398","author":"Abbas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.3390\/w10101321","article-title":"Evaluation of groundwater quality in the vicinity of Khurrianwala industrial zone","volume":"10","author":"Aleem","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan. Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.12.107","article-title":"Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in South Asian region: a review","volume":"476","author":"Ali","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib6","series-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025675805073","article-title":"Characterization and performance of granular iron as reactive media for TCE degradation by permeable reactive barriers","volume":"149","author":"Baciocchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1080\/03601230902997501","article-title":"Remediation of alachlor and atrazine contaminated water with zero-valent iron nanoparticles","volume":"44","author":"Bezbaruah","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health., Part B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib11","author":"Brenntag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/fes3.108","article-title":"Pesticides, environment, and food safety","volume":"6","author":"Carvalho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Energy Secur"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3390\/w12010067","article-title":"How can we make pump and treat systems more energetically sustainable?","volume":"12","author":"Casasso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib15","first-page":"373","article-title":"Influence of direct current electric field on the formation, composition and microstructure of corrosion products formed on the steel in simulated marine atmospheric environment. Acta Metall","volume":"29","author":"Dai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sinica Engl. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12776","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.6b03434","article-title":"Kinetics of lindane dechlorination by zerovalent iron microparticles: effect of different salts and stability study","volume":"55","author":"Dominguez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2018.10.011","article-title":"In situ chemical reduction of chlorinated organic compounds from lindane production wastes by zero valent iron microparticles","volume":"26","author":"Dominguez","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Water Process Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(09)60314-4","article-title":"Effects of pH and particle size on kinetics of nitrobenzene reduction by zero-valent iron","volume":"22","author":"Dong","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.12.051","article-title":"Drin pesticides removal from aqueous solutions using acid-treated date stones","volume":"100","author":"El-Bakouri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.10.122","article-title":"DDT degradation efficiency and ecotoxicological effects of two types of nano-sized zero-valent iron (nZVI) in water and soil","volume":"144","author":"El-Temsah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(2009)135:5(317)","article-title":"Degradation of lindane by zero-valent iron nanoparticles","volume":"135","author":"Elliott","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2749575","article-title":"Role of pH in the aqueous phase reactivity of zerovalent iron nanoparticles with acid orange 7, a model molecule of azo dyes","volume":"2017","author":"Freyria","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.12.062","article-title":"The use of zero-valent iron for groundwater remediation and wastewater treatment: a review","volume":"267","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.2166\/ws.2020.340","article-title":"Impact of wastewater irrigation on groundwater of Lahore region; contamination source identification","volume":"21","author":"Ghaffar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Supply"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(99)00034-X","article-title":"Rapid treatment of water contaminated with atrazine and parathion with zero-valent iron","volume":"39","author":"Ghauch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-016-5567-8","article-title":"Screening reactive materials for a permeable barrier to treat TCE-contaminated groundwater: laboratory studies","volume":"75","author":"Grajales-Mesa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Earth Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib29","article-title":"Comparison of organochlorine pesticides levels in soil and groundwater of Agra, UP, India","volume":"29","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ind. Pollut. Contr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib30","article-title":"Biochar supported nanoscale iron particles for the efficient removal of methyl orange dye in aqueous solutions","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One 10"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2010.12.015","article-title":"The effect of oxygen on chemical dechlorination of dieldrin using iron sulphides","volume":"82","author":"Hara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EM00592G","article-title":"Quantifying the efficiency and selectivity of organohalide dechlorination by zerovalent iron","volume":"22","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Processes Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib33","first-page":"183","article-title":"Determination of DDT in model samples by using solid-phase extraction and indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay. Food Agric","volume":"15","author":"Hochel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib35","article-title":"Comparison of zero-valent iron and activated carbon for treating chlorinated contaminants in groundwater","author":"Indelicato","year":"1998","journal-title":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1021\/es035157g","article-title":"Oxidative degradation of the carbothioate herbicide, molinate, using nanoscale zero-valent iron","volume":"38","author":"Joo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib37","first-page":"12134","article-title":"Monodispersed zerovalent iron nanoparticles decorated carbon submicrospheres for enhanced removal of DDT from aqueous solutions","volume":"4","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2016.11.017","article-title":"Azo dye decolorization by ZVI under circum-neutral pH conditions and the characterization of ZVI corrosion products","volume":"47","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.12.151","article-title":"Removal of chlorinated organic solvents from hydraulic fracturing wastewater by bare and entrapped nanoscale zero-valent iron","volume":"196","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1089\/109287503770736159","article-title":"Predicting the precipitation of mineral phases in permeable reactive barriers","volume":"20","author":"Liang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57377","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA08988J","article-title":"Formation of lepidocrocite (\u03b3-FeOOH) from oxidation of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in oxygenated water","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.11.033","article-title":"Hardness and carbonate effects on the reactivity of zero-valent iron for Cr (VI) removal","volume":"40","author":"Lo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1178622119878707","article-title":"Nano zero-valent aluminum (nZVAl) preparation, characterization, and application for the removal of soluble organic matter with artificial intelligence, isotherm study, and kinetic analysis","volume":"12","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Air Soil. Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-016-0960-0","article-title":"Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of organophosphorus profenofos pesticide onto Fe\/Ni bimetallic nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Mansouriieh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0796-2","article-title":"A review on pesticide removal through different processes","volume":"25","author":"Marican","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib46","first-page":"29","article-title":"Effectiveness of advanced oxidation processes with O3 and O3+H2O2 in pesticides degradation","author":"Miguel","year":"2007","journal-title":"IOA Conference and Exhibition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/371714","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation of pesticides in natural water: effect of hydrogen peroxide","volume":"2012","author":"Miguel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Photoenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.07.091","article-title":"Removal of endosulfan by sal wood charcoal","volume":"152","author":"Mishra","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25102339","article-title":"Porous activated carbon from lignocellulosic agricultural waste for the removal of acetampirid pesticide from aqueous solutions","volume":"25","author":"Mohammad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib50","series-title":"Assessment of Major Ions and Trace Elements in Groundwater Supplied to the Monterrey Metropolitan Area","first-page":"189","author":"Mora","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.12.055","article-title":"Endosulfan removal through bioremediation, photocatalytic degradation, adsorption and membrane separation processes: a review","volume":"360","author":"Mudhoo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib52","article-title":"An assessment of zero valence iron permeable-reactive barrier projects in California","author":"Muegge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prepared for the Office of Pollution Prevention and Technology Development California Department of Toxic Substances Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib53","author":"Munch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib54","author":"Nantel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2009.09.022","article-title":"Removal of DDT in drinking water using nanofiltration process","volume":"250","author":"Pang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9683","DOI":"10.1021\/es050948z","article-title":"Increasing Fe0-mediated HMX destruction in highly contaminated soil with didecyldimethylammonium bromide surfactant","volume":"39","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib57","series-title":"Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook","author":"Perry","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib58","author":"PetroCanada"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2011.08.003","article-title":"Removal of pesticides from water by NF and RO membranes-a review","volume":"287","author":"Plakas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50144","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA08886D","article-title":"Role of dissolved oxygen in metal (loid) removal by zerovalent iron at different pH: its dependence on the removal mechanisms","volume":"6","author":"Qin","year":"2016","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.12.068","article-title":"Recent strategies for removal and degradation of persistent & toxic organochlorine pesticides using nanoparticles: a review","volume":"190","author":"Rani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23123127","article-title":"Effect of pH on zero valent iron performance in heterogeneous fenton and fenton-like processes: a review","volume":"23","author":"Rezaei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.07.050","article-title":"Relevance study of bare and coated zero valent iron nanoparticles for lindane degradation from its by-product monitorization","volume":"93","author":"San Rom\u00e1n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.04.034","article-title":"Effect of coating on the environmental applications of zero valent iron nanoparticles: the lindane case","volume":"565","author":"San Rom\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1080\/03601230600963888","article-title":"Remediation of DDT-contaminated water and soil by using pretreated iron byproducts from the automotive industry","volume":"41","author":"Satapanajaru","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health., Part B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3448","DOI":"10.1021\/es9701669","article-title":"DDT, DDD, and DDE dechlorination by zero-valent iron","volume":"31","author":"Sayles","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5140","DOI":"10.1021\/cm020737i","article-title":"Hydrodechlorination of trichloroethylene to hydrocarbons using bimetallic nickel\u2212 iron nanoparticles","volume":"14","author":"Schrick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.09.057","article-title":"Highly reactive and stable nanoscale zero-valent iron prepared within vesicles and its high-performance removal of water pollutants","volume":"221","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Catal., B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.12.061","article-title":"Reaction of decabrominated diphenyl ether by zerovalent iron nanoparticles","volume":"78","author":"Shih","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib70","first-page":"470","volume":"30","author":"Smyth","year":"1969","journal-title":"Range-finding toxicity data: List VII. Am. Indust. Hygiene Assoc. J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116141","article-title":"Legacy and current pesticide residues in Syr Darya, Kazakhstan: contamination status, seasonal variation and preliminary ecological risk assessment","volume":"184","author":"Snow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00261-5","article-title":"Comparison of adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of four chlorinated organics from water onto GAC","volume":"36","author":"Sotelo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.11.046","article-title":"Review on nano zerovalent iron (nZVI): from synthesis to environmental applications","volume":"287","author":"Stefaniuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2006.03.001","article-title":"Characterization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles","volume":"120","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.047","article-title":"Multifunctional iron-biochar composites for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater","volume":"124","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.01.001","article-title":"A review of environmental and health effects of organochlorine pesticide residues in Africa","volume":"220","author":"Taiwo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib77","series-title":"Safety Data Sheet for 2,4-Di-Ter-Butyl-Phenol","author":"ThermoFisher","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib78","series-title":"Safety Data Sheet for Nonanal","author":"ThermoFisher","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2007.10.001","article-title":"Permeable reactive barrier for groundwater remediation","volume":"14","author":"Thiruvenkatachari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.116287","article-title":"High levels of organochlorine pesticides in drinking water as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: a study in north India. Environ","volume":"271","author":"Tyagi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6023","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-3987-6","article-title":"Assessment of organochlorine pesticides in the Himalayan riverine ecosystems from Pakistan using passive sampling techniques","volume":"26","author":"Ullah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.11.106","article-title":"Dechlorination of \u03b3-hexachlorocyclohexane by zero-valent metallic iron","volume":"166","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib86","series-title":"Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality","volume":"1","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib84","series-title":"DDT and its derivatives in drinking water","author":"WHO","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib85","series-title":"The use of DDT in malaria vector control: WHO position statement","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(03)00512-5","article-title":"Laboratory evaluation of zero-valent iron to treat water impacted by acid mine drainage","volume":"53","author":"Wilkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02383.x","article-title":"Long-term performance of permeable reactive barriers using zero-valent iron: geochemical and microbiological effects","volume":"41","author":"Wilkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ground Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib89","first-page":"123","volume":"511","author":"Yadav","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current status of persistent organic pesticides residues in air, water, and soil, and their possible effect on neighboring countries: a comprehensive review of India. Sci. Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.05.019","article-title":"An overview of preparation and applications of stabilized zero-valent iron nanoparticles for soil and groundwater remediation","volume":"100","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."}],"container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S026974912101407X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S026974912101407X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T01:55:35Z","timestamp":1775181335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S026974912101407X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":83,"alternative-id":["S026974912101407X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-7491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-7491","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Iron turning waste: Low cost and sustainable permeable reactive barrier media for remediating dieldrin, endrin, DDT and lindane in groundwater","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Pollution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117825","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117825"}}