{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T22:31:54Z","timestamp":1781562714777,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021092","name":"University of Yamanashi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031835","name":"Takara Bio","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T18:56:07Z","timestamp":1745348167000},"page":"126298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["6-plex Crystal Digital PCR\u00ae for comprehensive surveillance of respiratory and foodborne bacterial pathogens in wastewater"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"375","author":[{"given":"Sadhana","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3078-0717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bikash","family":"Malla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0126-0651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiji","family":"Haramoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70767-4","article-title":"Global prevalence of norovirus in cases of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Ahmed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.1c00387","article-title":"Comparison of RT-qPCR and RT-dPCR platforms for the trace detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater","volume":"2","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS ES T Water"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.07.024","article-title":"Real-time multiplex PCR assays for reliable detection of Clostridium perfringens toxin genes in animal isolates","volume":"127","author":"Albini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00176-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"24","author":"Bender","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1097(03)00845-0","article-title":"Applicability of a rapid duplex real-time PCR assay for speciation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli directly from culture plates","volume":"229","author":"Best","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e340","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(22)00386-X","article-title":"Wastewater concentrations of human influenza, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and seasonal coronavirus nucleic-acids during the COVID-19 pandemic: a surveillance study","volume":"4","author":"Boehm","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02297-7","article-title":"Human viral nucleic acids concentrations in wastewater solids from central and coastal California USA","volume":"10","author":"Boehm","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4156","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12224156","article-title":"Fast and accurate multiplex identification and quantification of seven genetically modified soybean lines using six-color digital PCR","volume":"12","author":"Bogo\u017ealec Ko\u0161ir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.01755","article-title":"Quantitative real-time RT-PCR\u2013a perspective","volume":"34","author":"Bustin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2008.01.003","article-title":"Clostridium perfringens toxin genotypes in the feces of healthy north Americans","volume":"14","author":"Carman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2021.114230","article-title":"Assessing sensitivity and reproducibility of RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR for the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater","volume":"297","author":"Ciesielski","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.06.003","article-title":"Surveillance of noninvasive group A streptococcus infections in French ambulatory pediatrics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective multicenter study from 2018-2022","volume":"134","author":"Cohen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07553-6","article-title":"Risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Australia: outcomes of a 2018\u20132019 case\u2013control study","volume":"22","author":"Cribb","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.3.470","article-title":"Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections","volume":"13","author":"Cunningham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2022.03.010","article-title":"Epidemiology of campylobacter spp. isolated from stool in a tertiary hospital in Cantabria, northern Spain, from 2016 to 2020","volume":"41","author":"de Alegr\u00eda-Puig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Cl\u00edn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-312","article-title":"Detection of group a streptococcal pharyngitis by quantitative PCR","volume":"13","author":"Dunne","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib18","first-page":"6292","article-title":"Foodborne campylobacter: infections, metabolism, pathogenesis and reservoirs","volume":"10","author":"Epps","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0809.10.3201\/eid0809.010187","article-title":"A case-case comparison of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni infection: a tool for generating hypotheses","volume":"8","author":"Gillespie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Inect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140405","article-title":"First environmental surveillance for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and river water in Japan","volume":"737","author":"Haramoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2006.888","article-title":"Seasonal profiles of human noroviruses and indicator bacteria in a wastewater treatment plant in Tokyo, Japan","volume":"54","author":"Haramoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2012.745097","article-title":"Prevalence of the main food-borne pathogens in retail food under the national food surveillance system in Japan","volume":"30","author":"Hara-Kudo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2022.102687","article-title":"Prevalence of cpe-positive Clostridium perfringens in surface-attached soil of commercially available potatoes and its significance as a potential source of food poisoning","volume":"79","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.2965\/jwet.16-022","article-title":"Distribution of enterotoxin gene-positive Clostridium perfringens spores among human and livestock samples and its potential as a human fecal source tracking indicator","volume":"14","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Water Environ. Technol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001923","article-title":"World health organization global estimates and regional comparisons of the burden of foodborne disease in 2010","volume":"12","author":"Havelaar","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3992","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.9.3992-3997.2004","article-title":"Enumeration and isolation of cpe-positive Clostridium perfringens spores from feces","volume":"42","author":"Heikinheimo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1211.060478","article-title":"Humans as reservoir for enterotoxin gene\u2013carrying Clostridium perfringens type A","volume":"12","author":"Heikinheimo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.1c00963","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) RNA in wastewater settled solids reflects RSV clinical positivity rates","volume":"9","author":"Hughes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02814","article-title":"Human campylobacteriosis: a public health concern of global importance","volume":"5","author":"Igwaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45607-0","article-title":"Improvement in the detection rate of diarrhoeagenic bacteria in human stool specimens by a rapid real-time PCR assay","volume":"53","author":"Iijima","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02185-7","article-title":"Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"400","author":"Ikuta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2022.101071","article-title":"Group A streptococcal (GAS) infections amongst children in Europe: taming the rising tide","volume":"51","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"New Microb. New Infec."},{"issue":"S6","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68S","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2001.01355.x","article-title":"Campylobacters in water, sewage and the environment","volume":"90","author":"Jones","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Appl. Micobiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00006-15","article-title":"Global epidemiology of campylobacter infection","volume":"28","author":"Kaakoush","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2005.01736.x","article-title":"Quantification of Escherichia coli by kinetic 5\u2032\u2010nuclease polymerase chain reaction (Real\u2010Time PCR) oriented to sfmD gene","volume":"41","author":"Kacl\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03406-16","article-title":"Environmental surveillance of norovirus genogroups I and II for sensitive detection of epidemic variants","volume":"83","author":"Kazama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwac175","article-title":"Wastewater surveillance for infectious disease: a systematic review","volume":"192","author":"Kilaru","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02270-10","article-title":"Application of TaqMan low-density arrays for simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory pathogens","volume":"49","author":"Kodani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7218","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01075-07","article-title":"Prevalence of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens isolates in Pittsburgh (pennsylvania) area soils and home kitchens","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bdq.2016.10.002","article-title":"Three-color crystal digital PCR","volume":"10","author":"Madic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomol. Detect. Quantif."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.169746","article-title":"Optimization of the 5-plex digital PCR workflow for simultaneous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic viruses in wastewater","volume":"913","author":"Malla","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158659","article-title":"Application of a high-throughput quantitative PCR system for simultaneous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants and other pathogenic viruses in wastewater","volume":"853","author":"Malla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.178939","article-title":"Optimization of a 6-plex crystal digital PCR\u00ae assay and its application to simultaneous surveillance of enteric and respiratory viruses in wastewater","volume":"970","author":"Malla","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.177468","article-title":"pBI143 as a potential human-specific microbial source tracking marker: performance evaluation, treatment reduction, and application to river water samples in Japan","volume":"957","author":"Malla","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160825","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of real-time PCR methods for human noroviruses in wastewater and human stool","volume":"11","author":"Masago","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib76","series-title":"Microsoft Excel (Version 2019)","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib45","series-title":"Food Poisoning Statistics","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116421","article-title":"Tracing the animal sources of surface water contamination with Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli","volume":"187","author":"Mulder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib47","unstructured":"NIID, 2023. Group A hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.National Institute of Infectious Diseases. IDWR, Vol. 25 (43), 10-14. https:\/\/id-info.jihs.go.jp\/surveillance\/idwr\/idwr\/2023\/idwr2023-43.pdf February 26th, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib48","unstructured":"NIID, 2024. Increase in the number of reports of fulminant hemolytic streptococcal infections caused by group A hemolytic streptococcus, mainly under the age of 50. National Institute of Infectious Diseases. IASR, Vol. 45,29-31. https:\/\/id-info.jihs.go.jp\/surveillance\/iasr\/45\/528\/article\/010\/index.html. February 25th, 2024."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7437","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00651-10","article-title":"Comparison of rapid quantitative PCR-Based and conventional culture-based methods for enumeration of enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli in recreational waters","volume":"76","author":"Noble","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1139\/w99-063","article-title":"Poor efficacy of residual chlorine disinfectant in drinking water to inactivate waterborne pathogens in distribution systems","volume":"45","author":"Payment","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib51","first-page":"504","article-title":"Reproducibility and sensitivity of 36 methods to quantify the SARS-CoV-2 genetic signal in raw wastewater: findings from an interlaboratory methods evaluation in the US","volume":"7","author":"Pecson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Wat. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01428-23","article-title":"Wastewater surveillance for bacterial targets: current challenges and future goals","volume":"90","author":"Philo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib75","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib53","article-title":"Quantification of multiple respiratory viruses in wastewater in the kathmandu valley, Nepal: potential implications of wastewater-based epidemiology for community disease surveillance in developing countries","volume":"90","author":"Raya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151169","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 RNA surveillance in large to small centralized wastewater treatment plants preceding the third COVID-19 resurgence in Bangkok, Thailand","volume":"809","author":"Sangsanont","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.730858","article-title":"Waterborne isolates of Campylobacter jejuni are able to develop aerotolerance, survive exposure to low temperature, and interact with acanthamoeba polyphaga","volume":"12","author":"Shagieva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-016-0038-1","article-title":"Prevalence, seasonal variation, and antibiotic resistance pattern of enteric bacterial pathogens among hospitalized diarrheic children in suburban regions of central Kenya","volume":"44","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140621","article-title":"First detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in North America: a study in Louisiana, USA","volume":"743","author":"Sherchan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.926881","article-title":"A multiplex crystal digital PCR for detection of African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","volume":"9","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165270","article-title":"Long-term SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in wastewater and estimation of COVID-19 cases: an application of wastewater-based epidemiology","volume":"896","author":"Shrestha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172447","article-title":"Group A Streptococcus pyogenes in wastewater: applicability of wastewater-based epidemiology for monitoring the prevalence of GAS pharyngitis during the late COVID-19 pandemic phase","volume":"928","author":"Shrestha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119156","article-title":"High-throughput microfluidic quantitative PCR system for the simultaneous detection of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial and viral pathogens in wastewater","volume":"255","author":"Shrestha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170764","article-title":"Evaluating acute gastroenteritis-causing pathogen reduction in wastewater and the applicability of river water for wastewater-based epidemiology in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal","volume":"919","author":"Sthapit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15197","article-title":"The effect of environmental conditions on the occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in wastewater and surface waters","volume":"132","author":"Strakova","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2965\/jwet.20-089","article-title":"Evaluation of C. perfringens cpe-positive strain as a source tracking indicator of human contamination in freshwater environments","volume":"19","author":"Suzuki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Water Environ. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155663","article-title":"Application of digital PCR for public health-related water quality monitoring","volume":"837","author":"Tiwari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(95)00103-R","article-title":"Inactivation of bacterial and viral indicators in secondary sewage effluents, using chlorine and ozone","volume":"29","author":"Tyrrell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.14252\/foodsafetyfscj.D-19-00001","article-title":"Current status of campylobacter food poisoning in Japan","volume":"7","author":"Vetchapitak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Saf"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz099","article-title":"Detection of epidemic scarlet fever group A streptococcus in Australia","volume":"69","author":"Walker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.5.2685-2691.2004","article-title":"Detection of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens type A isolates in American retail foods","volume":"70","author":"Wen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120008","article-title":"Temporal and spatial relationships of CrAssphage and enteric viral and bacterial pathogens in wastewater in North Carolina","volume":"239","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9080669","article-title":"The circulation of type F Clostridium perfringens among humans, sewage, and Ruditapes philippinarum (Asari Clams)","volume":"9","author":"Yanagimoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9010052","article-title":"Characterization of Salmonella isolates from wastewater treatment plant influents to estimate unreported cases and infection sources of salmonellosis","volume":"9","author":"Yanagimoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib73","article-title":"Infectious disease outbreak trend survey weekly report","year":"2024","journal-title":"Yamanashi Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119737","article-title":"In-sewer decay and partitioning of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli and implications for their wastewater surveillance","volume":"233","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."}],"container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0269749125006712?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0269749125006712?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T18:20:44Z","timestamp":1762280444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0269749125006712"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S0269749125006712"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-7491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-7491","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"6-plex Crystal Digital PCR\u00ae for comprehensive surveillance of respiratory and foodborne bacterial pathogens in wastewater","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Pollution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126298","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"126298"}}