{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T06:15:07Z","timestamp":1781590507405,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:59:24Z","timestamp":1767167964000},"page":"127624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Assessing the causal effects of ozone precursors, meteorological variables, and urbanization-related factors on ground-level ozone across China"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"391","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib1","author":"Ao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41612-024-00847-3","article-title":"Rapid increase in spring ozone in the Pearl River Delta, China during 2013-2022","volume":"7","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"npj Clim. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.474","article-title":"Contributions of inter-city and regional transport to PM2.5 concentrations in the beijing-tianjin-hebei region and its implications on regional joint air pollution control","volume":"660","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib4","article-title":"Detecting the causality influence of individual meteorological factors on local PM2.5 concentration in the jing-jin-ji region","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.118498","article-title":"Understanding the causal influence of major meteorological factors on ground ozone concentrations across China","volume":"242","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168469","article-title":"Diurnal variation characteristics and meteorological causes of autumn ozone in the Pearl River Delta, China","volume":"908","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-6125-2019","article-title":"Dominant role of emission reduction in PM2.5 air quality improvement in Beijing during 2013\u20132017: a model-based decomposition analysis","volume":"19","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib8","series-title":"STL: a Seasonal-Trend Decomposition Procedure Based on Loess","author":"Cleveland","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2020.105148","article-title":"Analysis of urban - industrial expansion and increasing level of ozone concentration as subsiding an environmental management plan for the east of Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area \u2013 brazil","volume":"101","author":"da Silveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1006\/jema.2001.0492","article-title":"Allocating anthropogenic pollutant emissions over space: application to ozone pollution management","volume":"63","author":"Diem","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2014.12.038","article-title":"Dynamic evaluation of CMAQ part I: separating the effects of changing emissions and changing meteorology on ozone levels between 2002 and 2005 in the eastern US","volume":"103","author":"Foley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5875","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41619-6","article-title":"Causal inference from cross-sectional earth system data with geographical convergent cross mapping","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib13","first-page":"182","article-title":"Mapping essential urban land use categories in China (EULUC-China): preliminary results for 2018","volume":"65","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"SB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2002GL015972","article-title":"The impact of road traffic on global tropospheric ozone","volume":"30","author":"Granier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.05.003","article-title":"The washout effects of rainfall on atmospheric particulate pollution in two Chinese cities","volume":"215","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environmental Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2020.102436","article-title":"Spatial assessment of land use impact on air quality in mega urban regions, Malaysia","volume":"63","author":"Halim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-203-2020","article-title":"Local and synoptic meteorological influences on daily variability in summertime surface ozone in eastern China","volume":"20","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2024.07.017","article-title":"Long-term trends of ozone in the Yangtze River Delta, China: spatiotemporal impacts of meteorological factors, local, and non-local emissions","volume":"156","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.108313","article-title":"Impact of land cover on air pollution at different spatial scales in the vicinity of metropolitan areas","volume":"132","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib20","series-title":"Causal-Ccm a Python Implementation of Convergent Cross Mapping","author":"Javier","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170035","article-title":"Meteorological impacts on the unexpected ozone pollution in coastal cities of China during the unprecedented hot summer of 2022","volume":"914","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6518","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07785","article-title":"Inferring changes in summertime surface Ozone\u2013NOx\u2013VOC chemistry over U.S. urban areas from two decades of satellite and ground-based observations","volume":"54","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib23","first-page":"439","article-title":"Evaluating a space-based indicator of surface Ozone-NOx-VOC sensitivity over midlatitude source regions and application to decadal trends","volume":"122","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(1993)006<1587:TSCOLS>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The seasonal cycle of low stratiform clouds","volume":"6","author":"Klein","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2023.01.022","article-title":"High downward surface solar radiation conducive to ozone pollution more frequent under global warming","volume":"68","author":"Kou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Bull (Beijing)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.173011","article-title":"Quantifying the contributions of meteorology, emissions, and transport to ground-level ozone in the Pearl River Delta, China","volume":"932","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15631","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-15631-2021","article-title":"Identifying the spatiotemporal variations in ozone formation regimes across China from 2005 to 2019 based on polynomial simulation and causality analysis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib28","article-title":"Enhanced mapping of essential urban land use categories in China (EULUC-China 2.0): integrating multimodal deep learning with multisource geospatial data","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2024.112192","article-title":"Exploring the causal relationships and pathways between ecological environmental quality and influencing factors: a comprehensive analysis","volume":"165","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2024.102095","article-title":"Time-delayed causal network analysis of meteorological variables and air pollutants in Baguio city","volume":"15","author":"Liponhay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib31","article-title":"Impacts of sea-land breeze on the coastal ozone in the Pearl River Delta, China","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib32","first-page":"341","article-title":"Factors driving changes in surface ozone in 44 coastal cities in China","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Air Qual. Atmos. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85275","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3415349","article-title":"Combining seasonal and trend decomposition using LOESS with a gated recurrent unit for climate time series forecasting","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113599","article-title":"Characterization and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their related changes during ozone pollution days in 2016 in Beijing, China","volume":"257","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7793","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-24-7793-2024","article-title":"Aggravated surface O3 pollution primarily driven by meteorological variations in China during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period","volume":"24","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2021.105599","article-title":"A comprehensive investigation of surface ozone pollution in China, 2015\u20132019: separating the contributions from meteorology and precursor emissions","volume":"257","author":"Mousavinezhad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5492","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19035-x","article-title":"Role of export industries on ozone pollution and its precursors in China","volume":"11","author":"Ou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9191","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27590-z","article-title":"Enhanced near-surface ozone under heatwave conditions in a Mediterranean island","volume":"8","author":"Pyrgou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ad376d","article-title":"Detecting causal relationships between fine particles and ozone based on observations in four typical cities of China","volume":"19","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4333","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19074333","article-title":"Temporal and spatial distribution analysis of atmospheric pollutants in Chengdu\u2013Chongqing twin-city economic circle","volume":"19","author":"Qi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jum.2015.07.001","article-title":"The transformation of urban industrial land use: a quantitative method","volume":"4","author":"Qiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Urban Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15035","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-15035-2022","article-title":"Diagnosing ozone\u2013NOx\u2013VOC sensitivity and revealing causes of ozone increases in China based on 2013\u20132021 satellite retrievals","volume":"22","author":"Ren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4468","DOI":"10.1029\/2019GL082172","article-title":"The 2005\u20132016 trends of formaldehyde columns over China observed by satellites: increasing anthropogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds and decreasing agricultural fire emissions","volume":"46","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2023.117778","article-title":"Contributions of local emissions and regional background to summertime ozone in central China","volume":"338","author":"Su","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1227079","article-title":"Detecting causality in complex ecosystems","volume":"338","author":"Sugihara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos12070843","article-title":"Analysis of ozone pollution characteristics and influencing factors in Northeast economic cooperation Region, China","volume":"12","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9127","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-25-9127-2025","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in ground-level ozone chemical formation regimes from 1996 to 2022","volume":"25","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2025.100524","article-title":"Causal-inference machine learning reveals the drivers of China's 2022 ozone rebound","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Ecotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3029","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-24-3029-2024","article-title":"Spatial disparities of ozone pollution in the Sichuan Basin spurred by extreme, hot weather","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2021.112775","article-title":"Full-coverage mapping and spatiotemporal variations of ground-level ozone (O3) pollution from 2013 to 2020 across China","volume":"270","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rem. Sens. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iref.2021.10.002","article-title":"Impact of industrial agglomeration on new-type urbanization: evidence from Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration of China","volume":"77","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Econ. Finance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17597","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-23298-w","article-title":"Association analysis between socioeconomic factors and urban ozone pollution in China","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-13-3907-2021","article-title":"The 30\u2009m annual land cover dataset and its dynamics in China from 1990 to 2019","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2022.119446","article-title":"Performance and application of air quality models on ozone simulation in China \u2013 a review","volume":"293","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123931","article-title":"Nonlinear and lagged meteorological effects on daily levels of ambient PM2.5 and O3: evidence from 284 Chinese cities","volume":"278","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/395094","article-title":"Impact of urbanization and land-use change on surface climate in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, 1988\u20132008","volume":"2015","author":"Yao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Meteorol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14750","article-title":"Distinguishing time-delayed causal interactions using convergent cross mapping","volume":"5","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-025-06328-8","article-title":"A causal investigation of land use and land cover change on emerging urban heat island footprints in a mid-latitude region","author":"Yeboah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Dev. Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133880","article-title":"Trend analysis of surface ozone at suburban Guangzhou, China","volume":"695","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su132112059","article-title":"Spatio-Temporal evolution and spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors of SO2 emissions in Chinese cities: fresh evidence from MGWR","volume":"13","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3390\/land11050659","article-title":"Assessment of land use pattern and landscape ecological risk in the chengdu-chongqing economic circle, Southwestern China","volume":"11","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Land"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos16010096","article-title":"Assessment of air pollution and lagged meteorological effects in an urban residential area of Kenitra City, Morocco","volume":"16","author":"Zghaid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.126551","article-title":"Spatially explicit drivers of habitat degradation in coastal megacities based on MGWR-GCCM \u2014\u2014evidence from Fuzhou, China","volume":"391","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107428","article-title":"Observed sensitivities of PM2.5 and O3 extremes to meteorological conditions in China and implications for the future","volume":"168","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2021.101248","article-title":"Quantifying the interactive effects of meteorological, socioeconomic, and pollutant factors on summertime ozone pollution in China during the implementation of two important policies","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2023.119701","article-title":"Enhanced ozone pollution in the summer of 2022 in China: the roles of meteorology and emission variations","volume":"301","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2023.100322","article-title":"Large-scale land-sea interactions extend ozone pollution duration in coastal cities along northern China","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Ecotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8713","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-84463-4","article-title":"Causal analysis of PM2.5 propagation characteristics during the winters of 2015 to 2023 in Hubei Province, China","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.3390\/en12132545","article-title":"Correlation analysis between land Use\/Cover change and air Pollutants\u2014A case Study in Wuyishan City","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energies"}],"container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0269749125019980?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0269749125019980?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T19:37:44Z","timestamp":1768851464000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0269749125019980"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["S0269749125019980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-7491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-7491","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Assessing the causal effects of ozone precursors, meteorological variables, and urbanization-related factors on ground-level ozone across China","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Pollution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127624","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"127624"}}