{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:52:23Z","timestamp":1790949143739,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003213","name":"Beijing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KZ20231002549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KZ20231002549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003213","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017413","name":"Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017413","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:20:45Z","timestamp":1771633245000},"page":"127867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comprehensive investigation on organophosphate esters and their metabolites in human milk from China: Occurrence, profile, and health risk assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"396","author":[{"given":"Shunying","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingguang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuelei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongning","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7558-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhixiong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.11.007","article-title":"In vitro metabolism of 2-ethylhexyldiphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP) by human liver microsomes","volume":"232","author":"Ballesteros-G\u00f3mez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2018.10.033","article-title":"Determination of 21 perfluoroalkyl substances and organophosphorus compounds in breast milk by liquid chromatography coupled to orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry","volume":"1049","author":"Beser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.11.038","article-title":"Presence and human exposure assessment of organophosphate flame retardants (OPEs) in indoor dust and air in Beijing, China","volume":"169","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.107049","article-title":"Organophosphate ester metabolites in human breast milk determined by online solid phase extraction coupled to high pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"159","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154272","article-title":"Organophosphate esters and their diester metabolites in infant formulas and baby supplementary foods collected in Beijing, China: occurrence and the implications for infant exposure","volume":"827","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13964","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c05697","article-title":"Occurrence and dietary intake of organophosphate esters via animal-origin food consumption in China: results of a Chinese total diet study","volume":"69","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-022-04079-3","article-title":"A simple method for simultaneous determination of organophosphate esters and their diester metabolites in dairy products and human milk by using solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"414","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.145404","article-title":"Organophosphorus flame retardants in breast milk from Beijing, China: occurrence, nursing infant's exposure and risk assessment","volume":"771","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.127633","article-title":"A review on organophosphate flame retardants in indoor dust from China: implications for human exposure","volume":"260","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2024.115103","article-title":"Organophosphate esters and their metabolites in Beijing total diets: occurrence, time trend, and dietary exposure assessment","volume":"194","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4455","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c11439","article-title":"Occurrence of organophosphate esters in food and food contact materials and related human exposure risks","volume":"73","author":"Cui","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2014.08.011","article-title":"Health risk assessment of exposure to TriCresyl Phosphates (TCPs) in aircraft: a commentary","volume":"45","author":"de Ree","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12268","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c02821","article-title":"Unveiling hidden health risks: machine learning enhanced modeling of plastic additive release kinetics in fresh produce packaging","volume":"59","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.08.101","article-title":"Occurrence and risk assessment of organophosphate esters in drinking water from Eastern China","volume":"538","author":"Ding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135032","article-title":"Contaminant occurrence, spatiotemporal variation, and ecological risk of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in Hangzhou Bay and east China sea ecosystem","volume":"303","author":"Dou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117475","article-title":"Health toxicity effects of brominated flame retardants: from environmental to human exposure","volume":"285","author":"Feiteiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144752","article-title":"A critical review of human exposure to organophosphate esters with a focus on dietary intake","volume":"771","author":"Gbadamosi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2016.08.007","article-title":"Environmentally relevant organophosphate triesters in herring gulls: in vitro biotransformation and kinetics and diester metabolite formation using a hepatic microsomal assay","volume":"308","author":"Greaves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.09.340","article-title":"Size-dependent concentrations and bioaccessibility of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in indoor dust: a comparative study from a megacity and an e-waste recycling site","volume":"650","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106009","article-title":"Young infants' exposure to organophosphate esters: breast milk as a potential source of exposure","volume":"143","author":"Hammel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156806","article-title":"Spatial distribution and risk assessment of 11 organophosphate flame retardants in soils from different regions of agricultural farmlands in mainland China","volume":"842","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.11.019","article-title":"Urinary metabolites of organophosphate esters: concentrations and age trends in Australian children","volume":"111","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12765","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b03043","article-title":"Concentrations of organophosphate esters and their specific metabolites in food in Southeast Queensland, Australia: is dietary exposure an important pathway of organophosphate esters and their metabolites?","volume":"52","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106803","article-title":"Exposure to organophosphate esters in elderly people: relationships of OPE body burdens with indoor air and dust concentrations and food consumption","volume":"157","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105698","article-title":"Organophosphate esters and their metabolites in paired human whole blood, serum, and urine as biomarkers of exposure","volume":"139","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8221","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c01850","article-title":"Penetration of organophosphate triesters and diesters across the blood\u2013cerebrospinal fluid barrier: efficiencies, impact factors, and mechanisms","volume":"56","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.20517\/jeea.2023.08","article-title":"The metabolism of novel flame retardants and the internal exposure and toxicity of their major metabolites in fauna - a review","volume":"2","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Environ Expo Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.03.003","article-title":"Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research","volume":"153","author":"Hou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114311","article-title":"Co-occurrence and distribution of organophosphate tri- and di-esters in indoor dust from different indoor environments in Guangzhou and their potential human health risk","volume":"262","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107443","article-title":"Non-target screening and risk assessment of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in drinking water resource water, surface water, groundwater, and seawater","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030421","article-title":"Computational approach to drug penetration across the blood-brain and blood-milk barrier using chromatographic descriptors","volume":"12","author":"Karolina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.109070","article-title":"Urinary organophosphate ester concentrations in relation to ultra-processed food consumption in the general US population","volume":"182","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.02.033","article-title":"Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) in human breast milk from several Asian countries","volume":"116","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10911-023-09536-y","article-title":"Culture models to investigate mechanisms of milk production and blood-milk barrier in mammary epithelial cells: a review and a protocol","volume":"28","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2019.03.036","article-title":"Analytical human biomonitoring method for the identification and quantification of the metabolite BDCPP originated from the organophosphate flame retardant TDCPP in urine","volume":"170","author":"Krystek","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.01.035","article-title":"Assessing the threats of organophosphate esters (flame retardants and plasticizers) to drinking water safety based on USEPA oral reference dose (RfD) and oral cancer slope factor (SFO)","volume":"154","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113810","article-title":"Occurrence and ecological implications of organophosphate triesters and diester degradation products in wastewater, river water, and tap water","volume":"259","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114260","article-title":"Organophosphate esters and their specific metabolites in chicken eggs from across Australia: occurrence, profile, and distribution between yolk and albumin fractions","volume":"262","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106691","article-title":"Organophosphate (OP) diesters and a review of sources, chemical properties, environmental occurrence, adverse effects, and future directions","volume":"155","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124020","article-title":"The risk and impact of organophosphate esters on the development of female-specific cancers: comparative analysis of patients with benign and malignant tumors","volume":"404","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.9b00394","article-title":"Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in breast milk from the United States","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112425","article-title":"Multiplexed quantitative evaluation on mitochondrial toxicity of tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate in hepatocyte","volume":"221","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib43","first-page":"23","article-title":"Persistent organic pollutants in human milk of Belgian mothers: levels, time trend and exposure assessment for nursing infants","volume":"3","author":"Mirjana","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Environ Expo Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2025.117654","article-title":"Organophosphate ester flame retardants in sediments and marine fish species in Colombia: occurrence, distribution, and implications for human risk assessment","volume":"213","author":"Olivero-Verbel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11154","DOI":"10.1021\/es502809f","article-title":"Air is still contaminated 40 years after the Michigan chemical plant disaster in St. Louis, Michigan","volume":"48","author":"Peverly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.01.161","article-title":"Legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants in China: a review on food and human milk contamination, human dietary exposure and risk assessment","volume":"198","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib47","first-page":"8","article-title":"Novel and legacy brominated flame retardants in human breast milk and house dust from Denmark","volume":"3","author":"Stephanie","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Environ Expo Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.12.181","article-title":"Organophosphate esters in East Greenland polar bears and ringed seals: adipose tissue concentrations and in vitro depletion and metabolite formation","volume":"196","author":"Strobel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13511","DOI":"10.1021\/es5039547","article-title":"Rapid in vitro metabolism of the flame retardant triphenyl phosphate and effects on cytotoxicity and mRNA expression in Chicken Embryonic hepatocytes","volume":"48","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1039\/b921910b","article-title":"Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in marine and fresh water biota and in human milk","volume":"12","author":"Sundkvist","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18434","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c05098","article-title":"Organophosphate esters in raw cow milk and cow's drinking water and feed from China: occurrence, regional distribution, and dietary exposure assessment","volume":"72","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.07.015","article-title":"Demographic and dietary risk factors in relation to urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants in toddlers","volume":"185","author":"Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2015.01.021","article-title":"In vitro biotransformation of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) in human liver and serum","volume":"284","author":"Van den Eede","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.08.012","article-title":"First insights in the metabolism of phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers using human liver fractions","volume":"223","author":"Van den Eede","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.03.067","article-title":"Phosphorus flame retardants: properties, production, environmental occurrence, toxicity and analysis","volume":"88","author":"van der Veen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7748","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9440","article-title":"Blood-derived proteins in milk at start of lactation: indicators of active or passive transfer","volume":"98","author":"Wall","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib57","series-title":"MEPC, Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population","author":"Wang","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c06095","article-title":"Transplacental behaviors of organophosphate Tri- and diesters based on paired human maternal and cord whole blood: efficiencies and impact factors","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14786","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c02424","article-title":"Nationwide investigation on organophosphate flame retardants in tea from China: migration from packaging materials and implications for global risk assessment","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109493","article-title":"Estimation of internal human daily intakes of organophosphate esters using one-compartment toxicokinetic model in the whole blood from Hebei Province, China","volume":"186","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8609","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c03603","article-title":"Organophosphate esters in foodstuffs from multiple provinces in China: possible sources during food processing and implications for human exposure","volume":"70","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126279","article-title":"Human internal exposure to organophosphate esters: a short review of urinary monitoring on the basis of biological metabolism research","volume":"418","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139071","article-title":"A review of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in the environment: analysis, occurrence and risk assessment","volume":"731","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.224","article-title":"A nationwide survey of 31 organophosphate esters in sewage sludge from the United States","volume":"655","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131250","article-title":"PXR-mediated organophorous flame retardant tricresyl phosphate effects on lipid homeostasis","volume":"284","author":"Xiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139380","article-title":"Occurrence, spatial distribution and risk assessment of organophosphate esters in surface water from the lower Yangtze River Basin","volume":"734","author":"Xing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.03.053","article-title":"Human exposure pathways to organophosphate flame retardants: associations between human biomonitoring and external exposure","volume":"127","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.04.058","article-title":"Occurrence of organophosphate esters and their diesters degradation products in industrial wastewater treatment plants in China: implication for the usage and potential degradation during production processing","volume":"250","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105056","article-title":"Biomonitoring of organophosphate triesters and diesters in human blood in Jiangsu Province, eastern China: occurrences, associations, and suspect screening of novel metabolites","volume":"131","author":"Ya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7986","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c00568","article-title":"Nontarget identification of novel organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor air and dust from multiple microenvironments in China","volume":"58","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.143281","article-title":"Comprehensive dietary exposure assessment of the Chinese population to organophosphate esters (OPEs): results of the sixth China total diet study","volume":"364","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130080","article-title":"A global survey of organophosphate esters and their metabolites in milk: occurrence and dietary intake via milk consumption","volume":"442","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.05.064","article-title":"Organophosphate esters and their metabolites in paired maternal serum and human milk: occurrence, transfer efficiency, and metabolic conversion","volume":"162","author":"Yao","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2022.463344","article-title":"Development of magnetic molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for rapid and selective determination of urinary diphenyl phosphate of college students","volume":"1678","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112896","article-title":"Study on the reproductive toxicity and mechanism of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"227","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112896","article-title":"Study on the reproductive toxicity and mechanism of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"227","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07874","article-title":"New insights in the endocrine disrupting effects of three primary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6489","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01122","article-title":"Organophosphorus flame retardants in pregnant women and their transfer to chorionic villi","volume":"51","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8896","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b02474","article-title":"Levels of blood organophosphorus flame retardants and Association with changes in human sphingolipid homeostasis","volume":"50","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.04.055","article-title":"Organophosphate esters (OPEs) in Chinese foodstuffs: dietary intake estimation via a market basket method, and suspect screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130223","article-title":"Legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in animal-derived foods from China total diet study (CTDS): temporal trends, evidence of substitution, and dietary exposure assessment","volume":"443","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130223","article-title":"Legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in animal-derived foods from China Total diet study (CTDS): temporal trends, evidence of substitution, and dietary exposure assessment","volume":"443","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131533","article-title":"Legacy brominated flame retardants in human milk from the general population in Beijing, China: biomonitoring, temporal trends from 2011 to 2018, and nursing infant's exposure assessment","volume":"285","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120881","article-title":"Integrated risk assessment of dietary exposure and body burden of three brominated flame retardants in childbearing-aged Chinese women and breastfeeding infants","volume":"269","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00916","article-title":"Organophosphate esters and their metabolites in breast milk from the United States: breastfeeding is an important exposure pathway for infants","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114595","article-title":"In vivo distribution and biotransformation of Tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in mice","volume":"263","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."}],"container-title":["Environmental Pollution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S026974912600237X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S026974912600237X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:25:41Z","timestamp":1777541141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S026974912600237X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["S026974912600237X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-7491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-7491","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comprehensive investigation on organophosphate esters and their metabolites in human milk from China: Occurrence, profile, and health risk assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Pollution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.127867","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"127867"}}