{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:23:36Z","timestamp":1790825016163,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,27]],"date-time":"2022-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005860","name":"Helsefonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-B-0247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-B-0247"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005860","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007436","name":"Torben og Alice Frimodts Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2028a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2028a"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T11:55:03Z","timestamp":1666698903000},"page":"114642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Airborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, other bacteria, fungi, endotoxin, and dust in a pigeon exhibition"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"216","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5895-7521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Mette","family":"Madsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8155-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7483-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonghui","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margit W.","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib1","series-title":"Transmission of MRSA to Human Volunteers Visiting a Swine Farm","author":"Angen","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib2","article-title":"High rates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among asylum seekers and refugees admitted to Helsinki University Hospital, 2010 to 2017","volume":"23","author":"Aro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance, Euro Surveillance, Eurosurveillance, Eurosurveil, Eurosurveillance, Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227183","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) isolated from chicken meat in the province of Quebec, Canada","volume":"15","author":"Bernier-Lachance","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2006.08.008","article-title":"Managing the risk of mycotoxins in modern feed production","volume":"133","author":"Binder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.3.598","article-title":"Chronic simple bronchitis in pigeon fanciers: relationship of cough with expectoration to avian exposure and pigeon breeders disease","volume":"95","author":"Bourke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.syapm.2017.09.005","article-title":"Kocuria uropygioeca sp. nov. and Kocuria uropygialis sp. nov., isolated from the preen glands of Great Spotted Woodpeckers (Dendrocopos major)","volume":"41","author":"Braun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Syst. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.11756","article-title":"Fungal diversity and mycotoxins detected in maize stored in silo\u2010bags: a review","volume":"102","author":"Brito","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2002.03405.x","article-title":"Pigeon allergens in indoor environments: a preliminary study","volume":"57","author":"Curtis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03831.x","article-title":"Enterococcus columbae, a species from pigeon intestines","volume":"71","author":"Devriese","year":"1990","journal-title":"FEMS (Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc.) Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-018-0360-7","article-title":"Respiratory health effects of exposure to low levels of airborne endotoxin\u2013a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Farokhi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1563-4","article-title":"Identification of clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry","volume":"31","author":"Fedorko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxx108","article-title":"Survival of LA-MRSA in dust from swine farms","volume":"62","author":"Feld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Work Exposur. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8289","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02069-12","article-title":"Seasonal variation of indoor microbial exposures and their relations to temperature, relative humidity and air exchange rates","volume":"78","author":"Frankel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-2-4","article-title":"Prevalence of virulence factors in Staphylococcus intermedius isolates from dogs and pigeons","volume":"2","author":"Futagawa-Saito","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5324","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5324-5326.2004","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of leukotoxin-producing Staphylococcus intermedius in isolates from dogs and pigeons","volume":"42","author":"Futagawa-Saito","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib16","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"vol. 2022","author":"GenomeSupportCenter","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010990","article-title":"Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in veal calf farming: human MRSA carriage related with animal antimicrobial usage and farm hygiene","volume":"5","author":"Graveland","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1525\/auk.2008.91008","article-title":"Feather-degrading bacteria: a new frontier in avian and host\u2013parasite research?","volume":"125","author":"Gunderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Auk"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib19","first-page":"1008","article-title":"Bird breeder's (fancier's) lung","volume":"59","author":"Hargreave","year":"1966","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5442","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5442-5448.2003","article-title":"Typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital setting by using novel software for spa repeat determination and database management","volume":"41","author":"Harmsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-020-04834-w","article-title":"Prevalence of pigeon rotavirus infections: animal exhibitions as a risk factor for pigeon flocks","volume":"166","author":"Harzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14152","article-title":"Antibody and T cell responses against avian and microbial antigens associate with hypersensitivity pneumonitis disease parameters in pigeon breeders","volume":"75","author":"Hasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib23","first-page":"17","article-title":"Towards an occupational exposure limit for endotoxins?","volume":"4","author":"Heederik","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721411415220","article-title":"The impact of pets on human health and psychological well-being: fact, fiction, or hypothesis?","volume":"20","author":"Herzog","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7348.2005.00029.x","article-title":"Parasites from feral pigeons as a health hazard for humans","volume":"147","author":"Haag\u2010Wackernagel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1080\/10473220117482","article-title":"Allergic respiratory disease and fungal remediation in a building in a subtropical climate","volume":"16","author":"Jarvis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib27","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Jolley","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208364","article-title":"Zoonotic multidrug-resistant microorganisms among small companion animals in Germany","volume":"13","author":"Kaspar","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181b0baa9","article-title":"Beware of the pet dog: a case of Staphylococcus intermedius infection","volume":"338","author":"Kempker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3109\/08958378.2013.827284","article-title":"Age influence on hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced in mice by exposure to Pantoea agglomerans","volume":"25","author":"Lemieszek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inhal. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20310","article-title":"Occupational endotoxin-exposure and possible health effects on humans","volume":"49","author":"Liebers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11797","article-title":"Occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cattle herds, related swine farms, and humans in contact with herds","volume":"100","author":"Locatelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxy065","article-title":"Airborne Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA as associated with particles of different sizes on pig farms","volume":"62","author":"Madsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Work Exposure and Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib34","first-page":"81","article-title":"Airborne endotoxin in different background environments and seasons","volume":"13","author":"Madsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.001","article-title":"Concentrations of Staphylococcus species in indoor air as associated with other bacteria, season, relative humidity, air change rate, and S. aureus-positive occupants","volume":"160","author":"Madsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib36","series-title":"A Cross Sectional Study on Airborne Inhalable Microorganisms, Endotoxin, and Particles in Pigeon Coops\u2013Risk Assessment of Exposure","volume":"vol. 204","author":"Madsen","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1985.tb02299.x","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoking on the antibody response to inhaled antigens and the prevalence of extrinsic allergic alveolitis among pigeon breeders","volume":"15","author":"McSharry","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-7-98","article-title":"Based upon Repeat Pattern (BURP): an algorithm to characterize the long-term evolution of Staphylococcus aureus populations based on spa polymorphisms","volume":"7","author":"Mellmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib39","first-page":"31","article-title":"Allergic alveolitis among agricultural workers in eastern Poland: a study of twenty cases","volume":"5","author":"Milanowski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2014-102095","article-title":"Persistence of livestock-associated antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among industrial hog operation workers in North Carolina over 14 days","volume":"72","author":"Nadimpalli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib41","first-page":"e2437","article-title":"Microtiter dish biofilm formation assay","author":"O'Toole","year":"2011","journal-title":"JoVE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2011.00836.x","article-title":"Microbiology of the skin and the role of biofilms in infection","volume":"9","author":"Percival","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.668900","article-title":"Increasing incidences and clonal diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Nordic countries-results from the Nordic MRSA surveillance","volume":"12","author":"Petersen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib44","series-title":"How Much Does A Racing Pigeon Cost?","author":"Pigeonmedia","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Occupational risk of exposure to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the quality of infection hygiene in nursing homes","volume":"15","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.147789","article-title":"A rapid test for the environmental detection of pigeon antigen","volume":"788","author":"S\u00e1nchez-D\u00edez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib47","series-title":"A Family with Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis Caused by Wild City Pigeons: a Case Report","volume":"vol. 105","author":"Sarvaas","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2014.0215","article-title":"Biocide susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus CC398 and CC30 isolates from pigs and identification of the biocide resistance genes, qacG and qacC","volume":"21","author":"Seier-Petersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12800","article-title":"Evaluation of three MALDI\u2010TOF mass spectrometry libraries for the identification of filamentous fungi in three clinical microbiology laboratories in Manitoba, Canada","volume":"61","author":"Stein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00090-15","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus spa type t002 outbreak in horses and staff at a veterinary teaching hospital after its presumed introduction by a veterinarian","volume":"53","author":"Steinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2009.04321.x","article-title":"Identification of the clonal complexes of Staphylococcus aureus strains by determination of the conservation patterns of small genomic islets","volume":"107","author":"Suzuki","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib52","series-title":"Gestis - Internationale Grenzwerte f\u00fcr chemische Substanzen","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.49.1.234-235.1985","article-title":"Sterigmatocystin in dairy cattle feed contaminated with Aspergillus versicolor","volume":"49","author":"Vesonder","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9020059","article-title":"Bacterial biofilm and its role in the pathogenesis of disease","volume":"9","author":"Vestby","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1648\/0273-8570-76.3.264","article-title":"Prevalence and genetic diversity of Bacillus licheniformis in avian plumage","volume":"76","author":"Whitaker","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Field Ornithol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2020.113608","article-title":"Impact of dust on airborne Staphylococcus aureus' viability, culturability, inflammogenicity, and biofilm forming capacity","volume":"230","author":"White","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib57","series-title":"WHO","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0276146720984815","article-title":"Animals in our lives: an interactive well-being perspective","author":"W\u00fcnderlich","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Macromarketing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms6020046","article-title":"The genus Wallemia\u2014from contamination of food to health threat","volume":"6","author":"Zajc","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microorganisms"}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935122019697?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935122019697?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:10:26Z","timestamp":1790352626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935122019697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["S0013935122019697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Airborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, other bacteria, fungi, endotoxin, and dust in a pigeon exhibition","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114642","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114642"}}