{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:58:07Z","timestamp":1791921487141,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"India Ministry of Science & Technology Department of Biotechnology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:14:07Z","timestamp":1726186447000},"page":"119993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["Pharmaceuticals and personal care products and heavy metals in the Ganga River, India: Distribution, ecological and human health risk assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Deepak Kumar","family":"Prasad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishabh","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaikh Ziauddin","family":"Ahammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.4236\/jwarp.2010.25050","article-title":"Water pollution with special reference to pesticide contamination in India","volume":"2","author":"Agrawal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Water Resour. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3144","article-title":"Occurrence and distribution pattern of acidic pharmaceuticals in surface water, wastewater, and sediment of the Msunduzi River, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"35","author":"Agunbiade","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2021.103588","article-title":"Metformin environmental exposure: a systematic review","volume":"83","author":"Ambrosio-Albuquerque","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-016-5510-1","article-title":"Offline solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in environmental water and their simultaneous determination using the reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography method","volume":"188","author":"Archana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.01.101","article-title":"The fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting contaminants (EDCs), metabolites and illicit drugs in a WWTW and environmental waters","volume":"174","author":"Archer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158195","article-title":"Antibiotics in sewage treatment plants, receiving water bodies and groundwater of Chennai city and the suburb, South India: occurrence, removal efficiencies, and risk assessment","volume":"851","author":"Arun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.04.179","article-title":"Suspect screening and target quantification of human pharmaceutical residues in the surface water of Wuhan, China, using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS","volume":"635","author":"Asghar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2019.05.016","article-title":"Occurrence, seasonal variation and risk evaluation of selected endocrine disrupting compounds and their transformation products in Jiulong river and estuary, China","volume":"145","author":"Ashfaq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.113613","article-title":"Metformin as an emerging concern in wastewater: occurrence, analysis and treatment methods","volume":"213","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3161","article-title":"Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a national-scale rivers and streams assessment survey","volume":"35","author":"Batt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib11","series-title":"Bureau of Indian Standard, Indian Standards Drinking Water Specifications 2","article-title":"Indian standards drinking water specifications IS 10500:2012","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.07.057","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products found in the Great Lakes above concentrations of environmental concern","volume":"93","author":"Blair","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.08.014","article-title":"Multi-residue determination of 47 organic compounds in water, soil, sediment and fish\u2014turia River as case study","volume":"146","author":"Carmona","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.02.119","article-title":"Arsenic groundwater contamination and its health effects in Patna district (capital of Bihar) in the middle Ganga plain, India","volume":"152","author":"Chakraborti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.10.115","article-title":"Organic micropollutants in the surface riverine sediment along the lower stretch of the transboundary river Ganga: occurrences, sources and ecological risk assessment","volume":"249","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pce.2011.05.009","article-title":"Geophysical exploration for lithological control of arsenic contamination in groundwater in Middle Ganga Plains, India","volume":"36","author":"Chandra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Earth Parts ABC, Urban Geophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib17","article-title":"Pollution assessment: river Ganga","volume":"206","year":"2013","journal-title":"Central Pollution Control Board"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s6907","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: agents of subtle change?","volume":"107","author":"Daughton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.12.022","article-title":"Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the unionid mussel Lasmigona costata in a river receiving wastewater effluent","volume":"146","author":"de Solla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4607","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0767-7","article-title":"Spatio-temporal evaluation of emerging contaminants and their partitioning along a Brazilian watershed","volume":"25","author":"de Sousa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.10.017","article-title":"Toxic hazards of leather industry and technologies to combat threat: a review","volume":"87","author":"Dixit","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-013-9315-1","article-title":"From geochemical background determination to pollution assessment of heavy metals in sediments and soils","volume":"12","author":"Dung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emcon.2016.12.004","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the freshwater aquatic environment","volume":"3","author":"Ebele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Contam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib24","author":"European"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2522","DOI":"10.1897\/09-073.1","article-title":"Contamination of surface, ground, and drinking water from pharmaceutical production","volume":"28","author":"Fick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsd.2017.12.009","article-title":"Occurrence and fate of emerging contaminants in water environment: a review","volume":"6","author":"Gogoi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Groundw. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.06.037","article-title":"Occurrence and spatial distribution of EDCs and related compounds in waters and sediments of Iberian rivers","volume":"503\u2013504","author":"Gorga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.07.042","article-title":"First nationwide investigation and environmental risk assessment of 72 pharmaceuticals and personal care products from Sri Lankan surface waterways","volume":"690","author":"Guruge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(80)90143-8","article-title":"An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control. A sedimentological approach","volume":"14","author":"Hakanson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib30","first-page":"334","article-title":"Environmental risk assessment of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater effluents, surface waters and sediments. Talanta","volume":"69","author":"Hernando","year":"2006","journal-title":"1st Swift-WFD workshop on validation of Robustness of sensors and bioassays for Screening Pollutants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00337-4","article-title":"Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment","volume":"225","author":"Hirsch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-018-0527-9","article-title":"Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of eight endocrine-disrupting chemicals in urban river water and sediments of South China","volume":"75","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.12.015","article-title":"Impact of heavy metal on activity of some microbial enzymes in the riverbed sediments: ecotoxicological implications in the Ganga River (India)","volume":"150","author":"Jaiswal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.02.029","article-title":"Ecological risk assessment and source identification for heavy metals in surface sediment from the Liaohe River protected area, China","volume":"175","author":"Ke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.55.249","article-title":"Occurrence of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface water from Mankyung River, South Korea","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0586","article-title":"Potential ecological footprints of active pharmaceutical ingredients: an examination of risk factors in low-, middle- and high-income countries","volume":"369","author":"Kookana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133640","article-title":"Concurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), viruses, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in ambient waters of Guwahati, India: urban vulnerability and resilience perspective","volume":"693","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.07.008","article-title":"Effluent from drug manufactures contains extremely high levels of pharmaceuticals","volume":"148","author":"Larsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.08.090","article-title":"A review of soil heavy metal pollution from mines in China: pollution and health risk assessment","volume":"468\u2013469","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.05.015","article-title":"Fate of triclocarban, triclosan and methyltriclosan during wastewater and biosolids treatment processes","volume":"47","author":"Lozano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-017-1007-2","article-title":"Environmental pollution with antimicrobial agents from bulk drug manufacturing industries in Hyderabad, South India, is associated with dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing pathogens","volume":"45","author":"L\u00fcbbert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59233","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09747-4","article-title":"Environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals at a seasonal holiday destination in the largest freshwater shallow lake in Central Europe","volume":"28","author":"Molnar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7723","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2702-5","article-title":"Risk assessment of antibiotic residues in different water matrices in India: key issues and challenges","volume":"21","author":"Mutiyar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-024-01980-x","article-title":"Spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment in the Ganga River: source diagnostics and health risk assessment on dietary exposure through a common carp fish Labeo rohita","volume":"46","author":"Naaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-019-00302-w","article-title":"Chemical and microbiological risk assessment of urban river water quality in Vietnam","volume":"41","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-006-1035-8","article-title":"Occurrence patterns of pharmaceuticals in water and wastewater environments","volume":"387","author":"Nikolaou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib47","unstructured":"Norman Network, NORMAN Ecotoxicology Database. https:\/\/www.norman-network.com\/nds\/ecotox\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aasci.2017.04.001","article-title":"Research on heavy metal pollution of river Ganga: a review","volume":"15","author":"Paul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Agrar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.05.020","article-title":"Persistence, temporal and spatial profiles of ultraviolet absorbents and phenolic personal care products in riverine and estuarine sediment of the Pearl River catchment, China","volume":"323","author":"Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135021","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products and microplastics contamination assessment of Al-Hassa irrigation network (Saudi Arabia) and its shallow lakes","volume":"701","author":"Pic\u00f3","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-020-08701-8","article-title":"Heavy metal pollution in surface water of the Upper Ganga River, India: human health risk assessment","volume":"192","author":"Prasad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.12.037","article-title":"GC\u2013MS analysis and ecotoxicological risk assessment of triclosan, carbamazepine and parabens in Indian rivers","volume":"186","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149340","article-title":"Spatio-temporal distribution of pharmaceutically active compounds in the River Cauvery and its tributaries, South India","volume":"800","author":"Renganathan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.10.023","article-title":"Industrial metal pollution in water and probabilistic assessment of human health risk","volume":"185","author":"Saha","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-22226-2","article-title":"Evaluating chemicals of emerging concern in the Ganga River at the two major cities Prayagraj and Varanasi through validated analytical approaches","volume":"30","author":"Satyanarayana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-013-1957-6","article-title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Indian rivers","volume":"21","author":"Shanmugam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.235","article-title":"Health and ecological risk assessment of emerging contaminants (pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and artificial sweeteners) in surface and groundwater (drinking water) in the Ganges River Basin, India","volume":"646","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.04.046","article-title":"Spatial and seasonal distributions of estrogens and bisphenol A in the Yangtze river estuary and the adjacent East China sea","volume":"111","author":"Shi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10926","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-04495-6","article-title":"Assessment of heavy metal pollution in water and surface sediment and evaluation of ecological risks associated with sediment contamination in the Ganga River: a basin-scale study","volume":"26","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.07.051","article-title":"Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in surface water, suspended solids and sediments of the Ebro river basin, Spain","volume":"85","author":"Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-018-0737-3","article-title":"Assessment of groundwater quality of Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, India, with reference to arsenic contamination using multivariate statistical analysis","volume":"8","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Water Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129331","article-title":"Occurrence, seasonal variations, and ecological risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in River Ganges at two holy cities of India","volume":"268","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_646_18","article-title":"Drug prescription patterns and cost analysis of diabetes therapy in India: audit of an endocrine practice","volume":"23","author":"Singla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.10.026","article-title":"Mass loading and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products including psychoactives, antihypertensives, and antibiotics in two sewage treatment plants in southern India","volume":"167","author":"Subedi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.06.032","article-title":"Contribution of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) to whole toxicity of water samples collected in effluent-dominated urban streams","volume":"144","author":"Tamura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.05.008","article-title":"Occurrence of the antidiabetic drug metformin and its ultimate transformation product guanylurea in several compartments of the aquatic cycle","volume":"70","author":"Trautwein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib67","article-title":"Risk assessment guidance for superfund","volume":"I","year":"1989","journal-title":"Human health eval manual (part A)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib68","series-title":"National Recommended Water Quality Criteria-Correction","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib69","series-title":"Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib70","series-title":"Exposure Factors Handbook","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.01.167","article-title":"Analysis of the presence of anti-inflammatories drugs in surface water: a case study in Beberibe river - PE, Brazil","volume":"222","author":"Veras","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.01.042","article-title":"Occurrence of triclocarban and benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers in water, sediment, and fish from Indian rivers","volume":"625","author":"Vimalkumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.04.021","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in typical highly urbanized regions across China","volume":"204","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib74","series-title":"Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113947119","article-title":"Pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers","volume":"119","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.084","article-title":"Emerging contaminants in a river receiving untreated wastewater from an Indian urban centre","volume":"647","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.02.082","article-title":"Occurrence and risks of triclosan and triclocarban in the Pearl River system, South China: from source to the receiving environment","volume":"179","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2008.12.030","article-title":"Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals in a municipal sewage treatment system in the south of Sweden","volume":"407","author":"Zorita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935124019005?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935124019005?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T21:14:17Z","timestamp":1732742057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935124019005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["S0013935124019005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products and heavy metals in the Ganga River, India: Distribution, ecological and human health risk assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119993","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119993"}}