{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:16:42Z","timestamp":1792095402270,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["869178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["869178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004424","name":"Water Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004424","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["345509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["345509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T18:33:13Z","timestamp":1736015593000},"page":"120774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pilot-scale adsorption of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater effluent using low-cost magnetite-pine bark: Regeneration\/enumeration of viable bacteria with a study on their biotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"268","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8917-134X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdiyeh","family":"Mohammadzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1758-4084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adedayo","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9781-1939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon Bo","family":"Lassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7886-9708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian Koefoed","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Risteel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Leivisk\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124459","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-19829-0","article-title":"A mini review of recent progress in the removal of emerging contaminants from pharmaceutical waste using various adsorbents","volume":"30","author":"Ahammad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.10.039","article-title":"Daptomycin adsorption on magnetic ultra-fine wood-based biochars from water: Kinetics, isotherms, and mechanism studies","volume":"273","author":"Ai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2022.102421","article-title":"Competitive removal of textile dyes from solution by pine bark-compost in batch and fixed bed column experiments","volume":"27","author":"Al-Zawahreh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2016.11.016","article-title":"Life cycle environmental and economic performance of biochar compared with activated carbon: a meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Alhashimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.01.051","article-title":"Combination of granular activated carbon adsorption and deep-bed filtration as a single advanced wastewater treatment step for organic micropollutant and phosphorus removal","volume":"92","author":"Altmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.127548","article-title":"Synthesis , characteristics and mechanistic insight into the clays and clay minerals-biochar surface interactions for contaminants removal-A review","volume":"310","author":"Arif","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2018.11.001","article-title":"Uptake of trivalent chromium from aqueous solutions by xanthate pine bark: characterization, batch and column studies","volume":"121","author":"Arim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-022-05940-y","article-title":"Adsorption of Zn(II) on pristine and SPLP\/TCLP leached rice straw biochar: an interplay of precipitation and ion exchange","volume":"233","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water. Air. Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.105746","article-title":"Biochar - An efficient sorption material for the removal of pharmaceutically active compounds, DNA and RNA fragments from wastewater","volume":"9","author":"Bimov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/cben.201900008","article-title":"Characterization of activated carbon adsorbents \u2013 state of the art and novel approaches","volume":"6","author":"Bl\u00e4ker","year":"2019","journal-title":"ChemBioEng Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib10","first-page":"22","article-title":"Utilization of waste-based sorbents for removal of pharmaceuticals from water: a review","volume":"29","author":"Blinov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Pap. Fac. Mater. Sci. Technol. Slovak Univ. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.09.013","article-title":"Ecotoxicological assessment of antibiotics: a call for improved consideration of microorganisms","volume":"85","author":"Brandt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.6.2489-2498.2001","article-title":"Toxic effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate on metabolic activity, growth rate, and microcolony formation of Nitrosomonas and nitrosospira strains","volume":"67","author":"Brandt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3502","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.7.3502-3508.2002","article-title":"Solid-phase contact assay that uses a lux-marked Nitrosomonas europaea reporter strain to estimate toxicity of bioavailable linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in soil","volume":"68","author":"Brandt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.12.044","article-title":"Treatment of secondary effluent using a three-dimensional electrode system: COD removal, biotoxicity assessment, and disinfection effects","volume":"243","author":"Can","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Removal of heavy metal from wastewater using ion exchange with membrane filtration from Swarnamukhi river in Tirupati","volume":"78","author":"Chauhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.122805","article-title":"Biological performance and fouling mitigation in the biochar-amended anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating pharmaceutical wastewater","volume":"302","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.07.074","article-title":"Sorption of tetracycline on H3PO4 modified biochar derived from rice straw and swine manure","volume":"267","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137662","article-title":"Science of the Total Environment Feasibility study on a new pomelo peel derived biochar for tetracycline antibiotics removal in swine wastewater","volume":"720","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116448","article-title":"Adsorption of emerging contaminants from water and wastewater by modified biochar: a review","volume":"273","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.01.138","article-title":"Diclofenac removal from water by adsorption using activated carbon in batch mode and fixed-bed column: isotherms, thermodynamic study and breakthrough curves modeling","volume":"181","author":"de Franco","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsadv.2023.100558","article-title":"Sustainable remediation technologies for removal of pesticides as organic micro-pollutants from water environments: a review","volume":"19","author":"Dehghani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2022.107706","article-title":"Pharmaceutical compound removal using down-flow fixed bed filters with powder activated carbon: a novel configuration","volume":"10","author":"Delgado","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116489","article-title":"Adsorption of recalcitrant contaminants of emerging concern onto activated carbon: a laboratory and pilot-scale study","volume":"325","author":"Diniz","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib25","first-page":"117","article-title":"Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022\/1307 of 22 July 2022 establishing a watch list of substances for Union-wide monitoring in the field of water policy pursuant to Directive 2008\/105\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council","volume":"65","year":"2022","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126010","article-title":"Adsorption of pharmaceuticals in a fixed-bed column using tyre-based activated carbon: experimental investigations and numerical modelling","volume":"417","author":"Feizi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25122931","article-title":"Green and sustainable valorization of bioactive phenolic compounds from pinus by-products","volume":"25","author":"Ferreira-Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.109763","article-title":"The single\/co-adsorption characteristics and microscopic adsorption mechanism of biochar-montmorillonite composite adsorbent for pharmaceutical emerging organic contaminant atenolol and lead ions","volume":"187","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.132079","article-title":"Insights into current physical, chemical and hybrid technologies used for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with pharmaceuticals","volume":"361","author":"Ghazal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enceco.2022.05.001","article-title":"Adsorption performances of corn cob-derived biochar in saturated and semi-saturated vertical-flow constructed wetlands for nutrient removal under erratic oxygen supply","volume":"4","author":"Gotore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Ecotoxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.07.009","article-title":"Flow-cytometric total bacterial cell counts as a descriptive microbiological parameter for drinking water treatment processes","volume":"42","author":"Hammes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7295","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-024-05470-6","article-title":"Combined natural flotation and chemical precipitation for the treatment of vegetable oil refinery wastewater","volume":"21","author":"Hartal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2021.106235","article-title":"Cobalt-gadolinium modified biochar as an adsorbent for antibiotics in single and binary systems","volume":"166","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3656","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.10.3656-3662.1998","article-title":"A bioluminescence assay using Nitrosomonas europaea for rapid and sensitive detection of nitrification inhibitors","volume":"64","author":"Iizumi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.127458","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals wastewater treatment via different advanced oxidation processes: reaction mechanism, operational factors, toxicities, and cost evaluation \u2013 a review","volume":"347","author":"Iqbal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.01.010","article-title":"Mesoporous activated carbon prepared from NaOH activation of rattan (Lacosperma secundiflorum) hydrochar for methylene blue removal","volume":"138","author":"Islam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtice.2017.01.016","article-title":"Nanoporous activated carbon prepared from karanj (Pongamia pinnata) fruit hulls for methylene blue adsorption","volume":"74","author":"Islam","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3858","DOI":"10.1021\/es103267g","article-title":"From dishwasher to tap? Xenobiotic substances benzotriazole and tolyltriazole in the environment","volume":"45","author":"Janna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2017.02.042","article-title":"Pilot-scale removal of pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater: comparison of granular and powdered activated carbon treatment at three wastewater treatment plants","volume":"193","author":"K\u00e5relid","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.125880","article-title":"Recent advances in using of chitosan-based adsorbents for removal of pharmaceutical contaminants: a review","volume":"291","author":"Karimi-Maleh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11719","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-023-04867-z","article-title":"Recent advances in the biological treatment of wastewater rich in emerging pollutants produced by pharmaceutical industrial discharges","volume":"20","author":"Khalidi-Idrissi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.112243","article-title":"Sustainable green nanoadsorbents for remediation of pharmaceuticals from water and wastewater: a critical review","volume":"204","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6318","DOI":"10.1039\/D3NA00627A","article-title":"A review of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials as an effective photocatalyst for degradation of organic pollutants","volume":"5","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.02.003","article-title":"Single-step pyrolysis of phosphoric acid-activated chitin for efficient adsorption of cephalexin antibiotic","volume":"280","author":"Khanday","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.04.069","article-title":"Elimination of micropollutants and transformation products from a wastewater treatment plant effluent through pilot scale ozonation followed by various activated carbon and biological filters","volume":"100","author":"Knopp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7899","DOI":"10.1021\/es400708w","article-title":"Elimination of micropollutants during post-treatment of hospital wastewater with powdered activated carbon, ozone, and UV","volume":"47","author":"Kovalova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib48","article-title":"Biowaste valorization on pharmaceuticals and pesticides abatement in aqueous environments","volume":"39","author":"Lago","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustain. Mater. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.130987","article-title":"Degradation of ramipril by residues from the brewing industry: a new carbon-based photocatalyst compound","volume":"281","author":"Leichtweis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.118433","article-title":"Analysis of pharmaceuticals, hormones and bacterial communities in a municipal wastewater treatment plant \u2013 comparison of parallel full-scale membrane bioreactor and activated sludge systems","volume":"292","author":"Leivisk\u00e4","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib51","first-page":"1","article-title":"Preparation of magnetic biochar obtained from one-step pyrolysis of salix mongolica and investigation into adsorption behavior of sulfadimidine sodium and norfloxacin in aqueous solution","volume":"0","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dispers. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.105626","article-title":"Advances in activated carbon modification, surface heteroatom configuration, reactor strategies, and regeneration methods for enhanced wastewater treatment","volume":"9","author":"Lobato-Peralta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.110669","article-title":"Materials Science & Engineering C E ff ect of NaOH concentration on antibacterial activities of Cu nanoparticles and the antibacterial mechanism","volume":"110","author":"Lv","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.01.076","article-title":"Apple tree branches derived activated carbons for the removal of \u03b2-blocker atenolol","volume":"345","author":"Marques","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.119","article-title":"Mesoporous-activated carbon prepared from chitosan flakes via single-step sodium hydroxide activation for the adsorption of methylene blue","volume":"98","author":"Marrakchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.069","article-title":"Cross-linked chitosan\/sepiolite composite for the adsorption of methylene blue and reactive orange 16","volume":"93","author":"Marrakchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.1996.0647","article-title":"Optimization of long-term stability of magnetic fluids from magnetite and synthetic polyelectrolytes","volume":"184","author":"Mendenhall","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116360","article-title":"Adsorption of antibiotics on bio-adsorbents derived from the forestry and agro-food industries","volume":"233","author":"M\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2023.116491","article-title":"Iron-modified peat and magnetite-pine bark biosorbents for levofloxacin and trimethoprim removal from synthetic water and various pharmaceuticals from real wastewater","volume":"195","author":"Mohammadzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2015.12.005","article-title":"Ranitidine hydrochloride sorption onto superheated steam activated biochar derived from mung bean husk in fixed bed column","volume":"4","author":"Mondal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.08.036","article-title":"Tertiary treatment of a municipal wastewater toward pharmaceuticals removal by chemical and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes","volume":"105","author":"Moreira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2020.104408","article-title":"Adsorption process and mechanism of acetaminophen onto commercial activated carbon","volume":"8","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114927","article-title":"Two-stage preparation of highly mesoporous carbon for super-adsorption of paracetamol and tetracycline in water: important contribution of pore filling and \u03c0-\u03c0 interaction","volume":"218","author":"Ninh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.382","article-title":"Science of the Total Environment Effect of full-scale ozonation and pilot-scale granular activated carbon on the removal of biocides, antimycotics and antibiotics in a sewage treatment plant","volume":"649","author":"\u00d6stman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2020.117536","article-title":"Separation and Puri fi cation Technology Biomass-derived activated carbons for the removal of pharmaceutical mircopollutants from wastewater: a review","volume":"253","author":"Ouyang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00299","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals of emerging concern in aquatic systems: chemistry, occurrence, effects, and removal methods","volume":"119","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-023-06075-4","article-title":"Removal of contaminants of emerging concern from a wastewater effluent by solar-driven heterogeneous photocatalysis: a case study of pharmaceuticals","volume":"234","author":"P\u00e9rez-Lucas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water. Air. Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2021.106977","article-title":"Continuous adsorption studies of pharmaceuticals in multicomponent mixtures by agroforestry biochar","volume":"10","author":"Puga","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2023.122121","article-title":"A review on sustainable technologies for pharmaceutical elimination in wastewaters \u2014 a ubiquitous problem of modern society","volume":"383","author":"Radovic","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib69","first-page":"54","article-title":"Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles using the reverse Co-precipitation method with NH4OH as precipitating agent and its stability test at various pH. Nat","volume":"9","author":"Rahmayanti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.07.059","article-title":"Chemosphere Pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants and their removal from water . A review","volume":"93","author":"Rivera-Utrilla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.130595","article-title":"Effective water\/wastewater treatment methodologies for toxic pollutants removal: processes and applications towards sustainable development","volume":"280","author":"Saravanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1039\/D0MA00291G","article-title":"What triggers dye adsorption by metal organic frameworks? The current perspectives","volume":"1","author":"Shahnawaz Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.11.047","article-title":"Preparation of ultrafine magnetic biochar and activated carbon for pharmaceutical adsorption and subsequent degradation by ball milling","volume":"305","author":"Shan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater. jo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2023.103553","article-title":"Photocatalytic metallic nanomaterials immobilised onto porous structures: future perspectives for at-source pharmaceutical removal from hospital wastewater and potential benefits over existing technologies","volume":"52","author":"Valdivia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Water Process Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib75","first-page":"58","article-title":"Adsorption of pharmaceutical pollutants on ZnCl2-activated biochar from corn cob: efficiency, selectivity and mechanism","volume":"9","author":"Varela","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Bioresour. Bioprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135249","article-title":"Catalytic ozonation for water and wastewater treatment: recent advances and perspective","volume":"704","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.03.109","article-title":"ZnCl 2 -activated biochar from biogas residue facilitates aqueous As(III) removal","volume":"377","author":"Xia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib78","first-page":"128","volume":"vol. 237","author":"Xiang","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.132418","article-title":"Chemosphere Facile fabrication of robust, versatile, and recyclable biochar-graphene oxide composite monoliths for efficient removal of different contaminants in water","volume":"287","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib80","article-title":"Adsorptive removal of carbamazepine and diatrizoate in iron oxide nanoparticles amended sand column mimicing managed aquifer recharge","volume":"9","author":"Yoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water (Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131950","article-title":"Thermally enhanced adsorption and persulfate oxidation-driven regeneration on FeCl3-activated biochar for removal of microcystin-LR in water","volume":"286","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.125961","article-title":"Pilot-scale field study for vanadium removal from mining-influenced waters using an iron-based sorbent","volume":"416","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935125000258?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935125000258?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T03:28:39Z","timestamp":1762140519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935125000258"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S0013935125000258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pilot-scale adsorption of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater effluent using low-cost magnetite-pine bark: Regeneration\/enumeration of viable bacteria with a study on their biotoxicity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.120774","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120774"}}