{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:25:11Z","timestamp":1777591511173,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007403","name":"National Agency for Agricultural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QK21010207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QK21010207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007403","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007403","name":"National Agency for Agricultural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QK1710379"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QK1710379"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007403","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006533","name":"Ministerstvo Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006533","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GA \\u010CR 24-10238L"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GA \\u010CR 24-10238L"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_019\/0000845"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_019\/0000845"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T03:27:49Z","timestamp":1742009269000},"page":"121409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Torrefaction of sewage sludge: An approach to nutrient recycling and contaminant reduction in agriculture"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"275","author":[{"given":"Sreynet","family":"Nang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Mercl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-9983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zden\u011bk","family":"Ko\u0161n\u00e1\u0159","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Pierdon\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0202-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Dole\u017eal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5911-688X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chandra Sekhar","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1274-0658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Tlusto\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib1","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals effect and removal, at environmentally relevant concentrations, from sewage sludge during anaerobic digestion","volume":"319","author":"Alenzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technolo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emcon.2018.02.001","article-title":"Translocation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) into plant tissues: a review","volume":"3","author":"Al-Farsi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Contam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s40538-022-00353-9","article-title":"The impact of the long-term application of mineral nitrogen and sewage sludge fertilizers on the quality of soil organic matter","volume":"9","author":"Bal\u00edk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/sjss.2022.10741","article-title":"Occurrence of nine antibiotics in different kinds of sewage sludge, soils, corn and grapes after sludge spreading","volume":"12","author":"Barreiro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Span. J. Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2016.12.010","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal-care products in plants","volume":"22","author":"Bartrons","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib67","series-title":"Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis, and Torrefaction","first-page":"530","author":"Basu","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2019.02.004","article-title":"Biosolids application improves mineral composition and phenolic profile of basil cultivated on eroded soil","volume":"249","author":"Burducea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10048","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c03651","article-title":"Pyrolysis solves the issue of organic contaminants in sewage sludge while retaining carbon - making the case for sewage sludge treatment via pyrolysis","volume":"9","author":"Buss","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12509","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03468","article-title":"Uptake of pharmaceuticals influences plant development and affects nutrient and hormone homeostases","volume":"49","author":"Carter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2021.115323","article-title":"Sewage sludge biochars effects on corn response and nutrition and on soil properties in a 5-yr field experiment","volume":"401","author":"Chagas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.05.059","article-title":"Leaching of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from sewage sludge-derived biochar","volume":"373","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.12.025","article-title":"A quantitative microbial risk assessment model for total coliforms and E.coli in surface runoff following application of biosolids to grassland","volume":"224","author":"Clarke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib14","series-title":"Development in Waste Water Treatment Research and Processes","first-page":"91","article-title":"6 \u2013 impact of sewage sludge application on microbial diversity and fertility of soil: a long-term study","author":"Dahiya","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1021\/ef5003638","article-title":"Temperature influence and distribution in three phases of pahs in wet sewage sludge pyrolysis using conventional and microwave heating","volume":"28","author":"Dai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib16","article-title":"Decree on the details of waste management","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.05.084","article-title":"Effect of pyrolysis temperature on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons toxicity and sorption behaviour of biochars prepared by pyrolysis of paper mill effluent treatment plant sludge","volume":"192","author":"Devi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119908","article-title":"Uptake and translocation of synthetic musk fragrances by pea grown in sewage sludge-amended soils","volume":"310","author":"Fernandes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2021.01.044","article-title":"Assessing the potential of sewage sludge-derived biochar as a novel phosphorus fertilizer: influence of extractant solutions and pyrolysis temperatures","volume":"124","author":"Figueiredo de","year":"2021","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-3119(15)61154-6","article-title":"Comparative short-term effects of sewage sludge and its biochar on soil properties, maize growth and uptake of nutrients on a tropical clay soil in Zimbabwe","volume":"15","author":"Gwenzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Integr. Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-020-04954-8","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals in the soil and plant environment: a review","volume":"232","author":"Gworek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1021\/jf205278v","article-title":"Quantitative determination of PAHs in biochar: a prerequisite to ensure its quality and safe application","volume":"60","author":"Hilber","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.09.008","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature on production and nutrient properties of wastewater sludge biochar","volume":"92","author":"Hossain","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1065\/espr2006.07.322","article-title":"Changes in chlorinated organic pollutants and heavy metal content of sediments during pyrolysis","volume":"14","author":"Hu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.17221\/36\/2018-SWR","article-title":"Present restrictions of sewage sludge application in agriculture within the European Union","volume":"14","author":"Hudcova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soil Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib26","series-title":"Air Pollution and Cancer","first-page":"177","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389.2020.1753634","article-title":"Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment: plant uptake, translocation, bioaccumulation, and human health risks","volume":"51","author":"Keerthanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/03650340.2016.1210787","article-title":"Effect of sewage sludge and its biochar on chemical properties of two calcareous soils and maize shoot yield","volume":"63","author":"Khanmohammadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Agron Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/0734242X14565210","article-title":"Effect of pyrosis temperature on chemical and physical properties of sewage sludge biochar","volume":"33","author":"Khanmohammadi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Waste Manag. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167965","article-title":"Contamination of water, soil, and plants by micropollutants from reclaimed wastewater and sludge from a wastewater treatment plant","volume":"907","author":"Kode\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.109407","article-title":"Soil influences on uptake and transfer of pharmaceuticals from sewage sludge amended soils to spinach","volume":"250","author":"Kode\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.12.118","article-title":"Application of biochar to sewage sludge reduces toxicity and improve organisms growth in sewage sludge-amended soil in long term field experiment","volume":"625","author":"Ko\u0144czak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2018.05.007","article-title":"Comparing the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil after different bioremediation approaches in relation to the extracellular enzyme activities","volume":"76","author":"Ko\u0161n\u00e1\u0159","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.122060","article-title":"Concentration of the main persistent organic pollutants in sewage sludge in relation to wastewater treatment plant parameters and sludge stabilisation","volume":"333","author":"Ko\u0161n\u00e1\u0159","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.17221\/930\/2013-PSE","article-title":"Influence of long-term fertilizer application on changes of the content of mehlich-3 estimated soil macronutrients","volume":"60","author":"Kulh\u00e1nek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2017.04.002","article-title":"Fate of bisphenol A pyrolysates at low pyrolytic temperatures","volume":"125","author":"Kumagai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.157647","article-title":"nonylphenol-degrading bacterial strains isolated from sewage sludge: application in bioremediation of sludge","volume":"847","author":"Lara-Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.06.012","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs): a review on environmental contamination in China","volume":"59","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.12.124","article-title":"Concentrations and distribution of synthetic musks and siloxanes in sewage sludge of wastewater treatment plants in China","volume":"476\u2013477","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04048","article-title":"Microplastics in sewage sludge: effects of treatment","volume":"51","author":"Mahon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3390\/environments10120202","article-title":"Torrefaction of forest residues using a lab-scale reactor","volume":"10","author":"Martins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1080\/03067319.2016.1249479","article-title":"Determination of synthetic musk fragrances","volume":"96","author":"Marchal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1080\/00103628409367568","article-title":"Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: a modification of Mehlich 2 Extractant","volume":"15","author":"Mehlich","year":"1984","journal-title":"Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teac.2021.e00125","article-title":"Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in sewage sludge and soil: a review on their distribution and environmental risk assessment","volume":"30","author":"Mej\u00edas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Environ. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.05.092","article-title":"Effects of sewage sludge biochar on plant metal availability after application to a Mediterranean soil","volume":"89","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124278","article-title":"Pyrolysis of biosolids as an effective tool to reduce the uptake of pharmaceuticals by plants","volume":"405","author":"Mercl","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.17221\/605\/2019-PSE","article-title":"Changes in availability of Ca, K, Mg, P and S in sewage sludge as affected by pyrolysis temperature","volume":"69","author":"Mercl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129082","article-title":"Effect of pyrolysis temperature on removal of organic pollutants present in anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge","volume":"265","author":"Mo\u0161ko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2020.118103","article-title":"Isothermal torrefaction kinetics for sewage sludge pretreatment","volume":"277","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.3390\/su13042317","article-title":"Review of sewage sludge as a soil amendment in relation to current international guidelines: a heavy metal perspective","volume":"13","author":"Nunes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.3390\/app11062654","article-title":"Torrefaction characteristics of blended ratio of sewage sludge and sugarcane bagasse for energy production","volume":"11","author":"Nwabunwanne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.1930","article-title":"Toxicity and bioaccumulation of biosolids-borne triclosan in food crops","volume":"31","author":"Pannu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environment. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2014.06.008","article-title":"Effect of temperature during wood torrefaction on the formation of lignin liquid intermediates","volume":"109","author":"Pelaez-Samaniego","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148482","article-title":"Uptake and translocation of UV-filters and synthetic musk compounds into edible parts of tomato grown in amended soils","volume":"792","author":"Ramos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-30963-1","article-title":"Assessing emerging and priority micropollutants in sewage sludge: environmental insights and analytical approaches","volume":"31","author":"Rede","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EW00229J","article-title":"Emerging investigator series: pyrolysis removes common microconstituents triclocarban, triclosan, and nonylphenol from biosolids","volume":"2","author":"Ross","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.05.017","article-title":"Uptake of pharmaceuticals, hormones and parabens into vegetables grown in soil fertilized with municipal biosolids","volume":"431","author":"Sabourin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.05.024","article-title":"Co-application of sewage sludge with biochar increases disappearance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from fertilized soil in long term field experiment","volume":"599\u2013600","author":"Stefaniuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1080\/03650340.2018.1543945","article-title":"Selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the rhizosphere of sewage sludge-treated soil: implications for the biodegradability of POPs","volume":"65","author":"Sz\u00e1kov\u00e1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Agron Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib60","series-title":"Regulatory Determination and Pollutant Limits for Land Applied Sewage Sludge","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.4236\/ajps.2012.312209","article-title":"Sewage sludge: an important biological resource for sustainable agriculture and its environmental implications","volume":"3","author":"Usman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.08.108","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in untreated and treated sewage sludge: Occurrence and environmental risk in the case of application on soil - a critical review","volume":"538","author":"Verlicchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2013.06.012","article-title":"Predicting C aromaticity of biochars based on their elemental composition","volume":"62","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2012.08.007","article-title":"Transfer of wastewater associated pharmaceuticals and personal care products to crop plants from biosolids treated soil","volume":"85","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Enviro. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.66","article-title":"Triclocarban, triclosan, polybrominated diphenyls ethers, and 4-non-ylphenol in biosolids and in soil receiving 33-year biosolids application","volume":"29","author":"Xia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2015.02.019","article-title":"The conversion of sewage sludge into biochar reduces polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content and ecotoxicity but increases trace metal content","volume":"75","author":"Zieli\u0144ska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935125006607?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935125006607?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:52:32Z","timestamp":1777384352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935125006607"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S0013935125006607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Torrefaction of sewage sludge: An approach to nutrient recycling and contaminant reduction in agriculture","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121409","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121409"}}