{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:42:34Z","timestamp":1792514554616,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":295,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CONAHCYT,CF-2023-G-1399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CONAHCYT,CF-2023-G-1399"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SALUD-2007-01-71223"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SALUD-2007-01-71223"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004881","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/MD15\/1504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/MD15\/1504"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004881","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCON-00004408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCON-00004408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00011320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00011320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3R01CA262263-01A1S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3R01CA262263-01A1S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2U24ES028524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2U24ES028524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T02:50:27Z","timestamp":1757904627000},"page":"122858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and radiofrequency: Risk of childhood CNS tumors in a city with elevated ELF-MF exposure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Correa\u2010Correa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8070-9727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez\u2010Enr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabor","family":"Mezei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Rivera\u2010Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Gabriel","family":"Pe\u00f1aloza\u2010Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador Daniel","family":"Rivas-Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuauht\u00e9moc Gil","family":"Ortiz-Mej\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Flores-Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erick","family":"Velasco-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9258-3969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Alexis del Real-Gallegos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Flores\u2010Lujano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Valeria","family":"Flores-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alma Griselda","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"L\u00f3pez-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Aldebar\u00e1n","family":"Duarte-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Anaya-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"P\u00e9rez-Sald\u00edvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Chico-Ponce-de-Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6590-9712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Jimenez-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicente","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minerva","family":"Mata-Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Marhx-Bracho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0635-8284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayde\u00e9","family":"Rosas-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arturo Hermilo","family":"Godoy-Esquivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Garc\u00eda-Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Delgadillo-Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Jaimes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joselyn","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Marroqu\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Flores-Galicia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Contreras-Frias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ures Eduardo","family":"Campos-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2209-1607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Mel\u00e9ndez-Zajgla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1818-8879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurora","family":"Medina\u2010Sanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-6231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Mej\u00eda\u2010Arangur\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib1","first-page":"813","article-title":"Pediatric brain tumors: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, and future directions","volume":"30","author":"Adel Fahmideh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. Publ. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. Cosponsored Am. Soc. Prev. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.201","article-title":"Patterns of exposure to infectious diseases and social contacts in early life and risk of brain tumours in children and adolescents: an international case\u2013control study (CEFALO)","volume":"108","author":"Andersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr244","article-title":"Mobile phone use and brain tumors in children and adolescents: a multicenter case\u2013control study","volume":"103","author":"Aydin","year":"2011","journal-title":"JNCI J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2016-0011","article-title":"EUROPAEM EMF guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses","volume":"31","author":"Belyaev","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500390","volume":"15","author":"Berg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110505","article-title":"Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile communication: description of modeled dose in brain regions and the body in European children and adolescents","volume":"193","author":"Birks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-004-2174-x","article-title":"Cellular telephone use among primary school children in Germany","volume":"19","author":"B\u00f6hler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5620\/eht.2013.28.e2013018","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone ownership and use in Korean children and adolescents","volume":"28","author":"Byun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Health Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/15368370802088758","article-title":"The effects of low-frequency environmental-strength electromagnetic fields on brain electrical activity: a critical review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Carrubba","year":"2008","journal-title":"Electromagn. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.107069","article-title":"Wireless phone use in childhood and adolescence and neuroepithelial brain tumours: results from the international MOBI-kids study","volume":"160","author":"Casta\u00f1o-Vinyals","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib11","first-page":"1463","article-title":"Brain tumors in children and adolescents and exposure to animals and farm life: a multicenter case-control study (CEFALO)","volume":"23","author":"Christensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2013-101754","article-title":"Mobile phone use and brain tumours in the CERENAT case-control study","volume":"71","author":"Coureau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26299","article-title":"Birth weight and subsequent risk of childhood primary brain tumors: An updated meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Dahlhaus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib13","article-title":"Wireless technologies, non-ionizing electromagnetic fields and children: identifying and reducing health risks","volume":"53","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Pediatr. Adolesc. Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(03)00413-7","article-title":"Microwave radiation can alter protein conformation without bulk heating","volume":"543","author":"de Pomerai","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250140207","article-title":"Repeatability of measurements of residential magnetic fields and wire codes","volume":"14","author":"Dovan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib16","first-page":"162","volume":"58","author":"Fajardo-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.10100","article-title":"Clinical and social factors that affect the time to diagnosis of Mexican children with cancer","volume":"39","author":"Fajardo-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med. Pediatr. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.01.037","article-title":"Report of final results regarding brain and heart tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency field representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM base station environmental emission","volume":"165","author":"Falcioni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib19","series-title":"Latin America Wireless Congress (LAWC 2015)","first-page":"5","article-title":"Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the head of tablet users","author":"Ferreira","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116881","article-title":"Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines","volume":"138","author":"Feychting","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605244","article-title":"Breastfeeding and early infection in the aetiology of childhood leukaemia in Down syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Flores-Lujano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199605000-00014","article-title":"Utility of telephone company records for epidemiologic studies of cellular telephones","volume":"7","author":"Funch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Camb. Mass"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1090-3","article-title":"A validity study of self-reported daily texting frequency, cell phone characteristics, and texting styles among young adults","volume":"8","author":"Gold","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.21149\/15802","article-title":"Mexico's health system, 2023","volume":"67","author":"G\u00f3mez-Dant\u00e9s","year":"2024","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00208-0","article-title":"Advisory group recommendations on priorities for the IARC monographs","volume":"25","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib26","first-page":"624","article-title":"A pooled analysis of magnetic fields, wire codes, and childhood leukemia","volume":"11","author":"Greenland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Childhood Leukemia-EMF Study Group. Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib27","first-page":"633","article-title":"The probability of developing brain tumours among users of cellular telephones (scientific information to the decision of the International agency for research on cancer (IARC) announced on May 31, 2011)","volume":"51","author":"Grigor\u2019ev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiats. Biol. Radioecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200506000-00015","article-title":"How to combine the use of different mobile and cordless telephones in epidemiological studies on brain tumours?","volume":"14","author":"Hansson Mild","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2007.12.004","article-title":"Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards","volume":"62","author":"Hardell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib30","series-title":"IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 102, Non-ionizing Radiation: Part 2 ; Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib31","series-title":"19 - 26 June 2001\/World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Working Group on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","article-title":"Static and extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields, non-ionizing radiation : this publication represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, which met in Lyon","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib34","series-title":"Cuarto Informe Trimestral Estad\u00edstico","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib32","series-title":"IARC Classifies Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields as Possibly Carcinogenic to Humans [online]","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5718(02)00109-2","article-title":"Induction of DNA strand breaks by intermittent exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields in human diploid fibroblasts","volume":"519","author":"Ivancsits","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq181","article-title":"A pooled analysis of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors","volume":"172","author":"Kheifets","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e303","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2541","article-title":"The sensitivity of children to electromagnetic fields","volume":"116","author":"Kheifets","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707033370101","article-title":"Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children","volume":"337","author":"Linet","year":"1997","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13060549","article-title":"Children's personal exposure measurements to extremely low frequency magnetic fields in Italy","volume":"13","author":"Liorni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2017.10.015","article-title":"Childhood brain tumours, early infections and immune stimulation: A pooled analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE case-control studies (SFCE, France)","volume":"52","author":"Lupatsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2016.06.014","article-title":"Epidemiology of brain tumors","volume":"34","author":"McNeill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000248186.31452.be","article-title":"Magnetic fields and acute leukemia in children with Down syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Mejia-Arangure","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181690715","article-title":"Residential magnetic field exposure and childhood brain cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Mezei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2015.2908","article-title":"Mobile phone radiation causes brain tumors and should be classified as a probable human carcinogen (2A)","volume":"46","author":"Morgan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.22295","article-title":"Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of childhood B-Lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a city with high incidence of leukemia and elevated exposure to ELF magnetic fields","volume":"41","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Enr\u00edquez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioelectromagnetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation10040190","article-title":"Current advances in carotenoid production by rhodotorula sp","volume":"10","author":"Ochoa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fermentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6909.891","article-title":"Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children","volume":"307","author":"Olsen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab200","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2014\u20132018","volume":"23","author":"Ostrom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-355","article-title":"Childhood acute leukemias are frequent in Mexico City: descriptive epidemiology","volume":"11","author":"P\u00e9rez-Saldivar","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008717","article-title":"Los Angeles study of residential magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors","volume":"143","author":"Preston-Martin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib70","first-page":"3924635","article-title":"Advancing parental age and risk of solid tumors in children: A case-control study in Peru","volume":"19","author":"Rios","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199605000-00013","article-title":"Assessment of cellular telephone and other radio frequency exposure for epidemiologic research","volume":"7","author":"Rothman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00124","article-title":"The MOBI-kids study protocol: challenges in assessing childhood and adolescent exposure to electromagnetic fields from wireless telecommunication technologies and possible association with brain tumor risk","volume":"2","author":"Sadetzki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20081017","article-title":"Power-frequency magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors: a case-control study in Japan","volume":"20","author":"Saito","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu048","article-title":"Atopic conditions and brain tumor risk in children and adolescents--an international case-control study (CEFALO)","volume":"25","author":"Shu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20198","article-title":"Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields as effectors of cellular responses in vitro: possible immune cell activation","volume":"93","author":"Simk\u00f3","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2019-105706","article-title":"Parental occupational exposure to low-frequency magnetic fields and risk of leukaemia in the offspring: findings from the childhood leukaemia international consortium (CLIC)","volume":"76","author":"Talibov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq079","article-title":"Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case\u2013control study","volume":"39","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.05.018","article-title":"Residential exposure to pesticides as risk factor for childhood and young adult brain tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"Van Maele-Fabry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31073","article-title":"Maternal residential pesticide use during pregnancy and risk of malignant childhood brain tumors: A pooled analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies (SFCE)","volume":"142","author":"Vidart d\u2019Egurbide Bagazgo\u00eftia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.06.038","article-title":"Occupational exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields and brain tumor risk in the INTEROCC study: an individualized assessment approach","volume":"119","author":"Vila","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx160","article-title":"Parental age and risk of pediatric cancer in the offspring: A population-based record-linkage study in California","volume":"186","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112681","article-title":"Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer","volume":"109","author":"Wertheimer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/53\/13\/019","article-title":"Analysis of RF exposure in the head tissues of children and adults","volume":"53","author":"Wiart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2004.09.005","article-title":"50-Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields enhance cell proliferation and DNA damage: possible involvement of a redox mechanism","volume":"1743","author":"Wolf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib61","author":"Wyde"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2000.00267.x","article-title":"Childhood brain tumours and exposure to animals and farm life: a review","volume":"14","author":"Yeni-Komshian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123001","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000}}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935125021103?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935125021103?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T08:18:26Z","timestamp":1783757906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935125021103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["S0013935125021103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and radiofrequency: Risk of childhood CNS tumors in a city with elevated ELF-MF exposure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122858","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122858"}}