{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T18:46:52Z","timestamp":1773859612129,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013317","name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202302090301012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202302090301012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023M732570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M732570"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T16:01:50Z","timestamp":1764259310000},"page":"123435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A new paradigm in activated sludge management: an interpretable framework integrating mechanistic dynamics with a data-driven surrogate model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"Yaning","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bowei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuping","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2025.04.037","article-title":"ODE, regression, and ANN models for energy forecasting: egypt as a study case","volume":"125","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alex. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.122337","article-title":"Development and application of an intelligent nitrogen removal diagnosis and optimization framework for WWTPs: low-carbon and stable operation","volume":"266","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.126784","article-title":"Neural chronos ODE: modelling bidirectional temporal patterns in time-series data","volume":"273","author":"Coelho","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.174966","article-title":"Fit-for-purpose WWTP unmanned aerial systems: a game changer towards an integrated and sustainable management strategy","volume":"949","author":"Dimitriadou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seps.2024.102021","article-title":"Multi-class random forest model to classify wastewater treatment imbalanced data","volume":"95","author":"Distefano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc. Econ. Plann. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2025.118228","article-title":"Stochastic dynamics in first-order thermal sigma-delta modulation","volume":"256","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Pumar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib7","article-title":"Hybrid data driven approach based on ANNs-PCA for wastewater treatment plant performance assessment","volume":"2","author":"Elharbili","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clean. Water(Washingt.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bulsci.2025.103694","article-title":"Rational solutions of parametric first-order algebraic differential equations","volume":"205","author":"Falkensteiner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bull. Sci. Math."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/app142210689","article-title":"Machine learning methods for the prediction of wastewater treatment efficiency and anomaly classification with lack of historical data","volume":"14","author":"Gulshin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2025.104019","article-title":"Investigating lightweight recycled brick aggregate concrete incorporating EPS beads: application to masonry units","volume":"25","author":"Hameed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Results Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dwt.2025.101147","article-title":"Shock load effects on WWTP performance under low loads following capacity expansion for combined sewer overflow control","volume":"322","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"Desalination Water Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2025.146041","article-title":"Natural bio-photosensitizers in sludge: extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-driven persulfate activation for sustainable antibiotic degradation","volume":"519","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib13","article-title":"Single-stage MBBR as post-treatment step for upgrading large WWTPs \u2013 experiences of one-year pilot plant operation","volume":"46","author":"Leonhard","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Water Proc. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123804","article-title":"Machine learning-optimized advanced oxidation for enhanced sludge dewatering: EPS mechanistic insights and predictive modeling","volume":"283","author":"Ling","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2022.02.071","article-title":"Activated sludge process versus rotating biological contactors in WWTPs: evaluating the influence of operation and sludge bacterial content on their odor impact","volume":"160","author":"M\u00e1rquez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.122243","article-title":"Sludge bound-EPS solubilization enhance CH4 bioconversion and membrane fouling mitigation in electrochemical anaerobic membrane bioreactor: insights from continuous operation and interpretable machine learning algorithms","volume":"264","author":"Niu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib17","article-title":"Dual purpose of shapley additive explanation (SHAP) in model explanation and feature selection for artificial intelligence-based digital twin of wastewater treatment plant","volume":"75","author":"Nourani","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Water Proc. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.3390\/s23010487","article-title":"Application of machine learning methods for an analysis of E-Nose multidimensional signals in wastewater treatment","volume":"23","author":"Pi\u0142at-Ro\u017cek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.3390\/app9112268","article-title":"Improving SBR performance alongside with cost reduction through optimizing biological processes and dissolved oxygen concentration trajectory","volume":"9","author":"Piotrowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8884","DOI":"10.3390\/app14198884","article-title":"Recent applications of explainable AI (XAI): a systematic literature review","volume":"14","author":"Saarela","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118915","article-title":"Elucidating the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in dewaterability of fecal sludge from onsite sanitation systems, and changes during anaerobic storage","volume":"222","author":"Sam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib22","series-title":"Process Dynamics and Control","author":"Seborg","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su151813380","article-title":"Analysis of machine learning models for wastewater treatment plant sludge output prediction","volume":"15","author":"Shao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00090","article-title":"Microbial community structure of activated sludge in treatment plants with different wastewater compositions","volume":"7","author":"Shchegolkova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3579","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10684-5","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of activated sludge community in full-scale wastewater treatment plants","volume":"28","author":"Sobczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.3390\/s20071941","article-title":"Soft sensor application in identification of the activated sludge bulking considering the technological and economical aspects of smart systems functioning","volume":"20","author":"Szel\u0105g","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01151-5","article-title":"Successional dynamics and alternative stable states in a saline activated sludge microbial community over 9 years","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.113941","article-title":"Towards better process management in wastewater treatment plants: process analytics based on SHAP values for tree-based machine learning methods","volume":"301","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestengg.3c00631","article-title":"Prediction of activated sludge sedimentation performance using deep transfer learning","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS ES&T Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.3390\/math13101674","article-title":"Economic model predictive control for wastewater treatment processes based on global maximum error POD-TPWL","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.155838","article-title":"Autotrophic biological nitrogen removal in anammox system at elevated temperature: EPS regulation and metagenomic analysis","volume":"498","author":"Ya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2025.107395","article-title":"Analysis of intracellular electron behaviors and EPS defence mechanisms under florfenicol stress in mixotrophic denitrification system","volume":"200","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.120256","article-title":"Modeling nitrogen removal performance based on novel microbial activity indicators in WWTP by machine learning and biological interpretation","volume":"354","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.05.070","article-title":"Composition of EPS fractions from suspended sludge and biofilm and their roles in microbial cell aggregation","volume":"117","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib35","article-title":"The exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Bacillus polymyxa enhanced toluene removal by indigenous microorganisms: resistance control and degradation properties","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.163185","article-title":"Performance and adaptation mechanisms of anammox granular sludge under salinity stress: role of EPS, microbial community and functional genes","volume":"514","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2025.102004","article-title":"Solving spherical multi-aircraft path planning problem using self-adaptive update strategy differential evolution algorithm","volume":"96","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001393512502688X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001393512502688X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:45:49Z","timestamp":1773834349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S001393512502688X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S001393512502688X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A new paradigm in activated sludge management: an interpretable framework integrating mechanistic dynamics with a data-driven surrogate model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123435","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"123435"}}