{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:56:01Z","timestamp":1792076161499,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B21017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B21017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3207300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3207300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3707600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3707600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42407031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42407031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42407526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42407526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42230716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42230716"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T07:39:52Z","timestamp":1771918792000},"page":"124106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Fe-modified clay minerals enhances iron oxide transformation and microbial ecological succession for simultaneous stabilization of As, Pb, and Cd in smelting soils"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"297","author":[{"given":"Chuiyun","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2419-153X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatjana \u0160olevi\u0107","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junchao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.5004\/dwt.2018.22228","article-title":"Chemically modified bentonite\/Fe3O4 nanocomposite for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) removal from synthetic wastewater","volume":"110","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Desalination Water Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108938","article-title":"Association between plant microbiota and cadmium uptake under the influence of microplastics with different particle sizes","volume":"190","author":"An","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6691","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05971","article-title":"Sulfur-driven iron reduction coupled to anaerobic ammonium oxidation","volume":"51","author":"Bao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125407","article-title":"Insights into cadmium adsorption characteristics and mechanisms by new granular alginate hydrogels reinforced with biochar: important role of cation exchange","volume":"383","author":"Ben Salem","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.137081","article-title":"Use of magnetite nanoparticles and magnetic separation for the removal of metal(loid)s from contaminated mine soils","volume":"486","author":"Caballero-Mej\u00eda","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2021.11.007","article-title":"Magnetite nanoparticles into Fe-BTC MOF as adsorbent material for the remediation of metal (Cu(II), Pb(II, As(III) and Hg(II)) ions-contaminated water","volume":"394\u2013396","author":"Casta\u00f1eda-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2025.115331","article-title":"Amide- COF material for soil remediation: selective stabilization of lead in soil","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134590","article-title":"Hematite enhances the immobilization of copper, cadmium and phosphorus in soil amended with hydroxyapatite under flooded conditions","volume":"708","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134590","article-title":"Hematite enhances the immobilization of copper, cadmium and phosphorus in soil amended with hydroxyapatite under flooded conditions","volume":"708","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2024.114136","article-title":"The simultaneous passivation of arsenic and cadmium in contaminated soil through combined use of schwertmannite and calcium carbonate","volume":"12","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su152416753","article-title":"Study of the remediation effect and mechanism of biochar-loaded nZVI on heavy metal contaminated soil","volume":"15","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2021.449","article-title":"A new insight into the restriction of Cr(VI) removal performance of activated carbon under neutral pH condition","volume":"84","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.152603","article-title":"Simultaneous mitigation of Cd and as availability in soil-rice continuum via the addition of an Fe-based desulfurization material","volume":"812","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2024.116707","article-title":"Understanding heavy metal toxicity: implications on human health, marine ecosystems and bioremediation strategies","volume":"206","author":"Fulke","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2021.12.045","article-title":"Colonization of Penicillium oxalicum SL2 in Pb-contaminated paddy soil and its immobilization effect on soil Pb","volume":"120","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.131634","article-title":"Insight into the stabilization mechanism and long-term effect on As, Cd, and Pb in soil using zeolite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron","volume":"355","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2023.109989","article-title":"Simultaneous and long-term effective immobilization of lead, cadmium and arsenic in multi-contaminated soil by ferrihydrite-supported animal-derived biochar","volume":"11","author":"Hong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.01.096","article-title":"Reaction mechanism of zero-valent iron coupling with microbe to degrade tetracycline in permeable reactive barrier (PRB)","volume":"316","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2020.01.022","article-title":"Removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by modified attapulgite clay","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib20","series-title":"2016 international conference on energy development and environmental protection (EDEP 2016)","first-page":"210","article-title":"Spatial distribution of bioavailability of soil heavy metals in a lead-zinc mining area","author":"Huang","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s42773-025-00441-7","article-title":"Synergistic multi-metal stabilization of lead\u2013zinc smelting contaminated soil by Ochrobactrum EEELCW01-loaded iron-modified biochar: performance and long-term efficacy","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.134994","article-title":"Mechanisms and influential factors of soil chromium long-term stability by an accelerated aging system after chemical stabilization","volume":"476","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131232","article-title":"Cooperative effect of slow-release ferrous and phosphate for simultaneous stabilization of As, Cd and Pb in soil","volume":"452","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.161369","article-title":"Synchronous stabilization of As, Cd, and Pb in soil by sustained-release of iron-phosphate","volume":"867","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-025-02432-w","article-title":"Slow-release ferrous effects on synchronous stabilization of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in soil","volume":"47","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.161344","article-title":"Remediation and its biological responses to Cd(II)-Cr(VI)-Pb(II) multi-contaminated soil by supported nano zero-valent iron composites","volume":"867","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2025.132563","article-title":"Electrochemical activation of alum sludge for the adsorption of lead (Pb(II)) and arsenic (As): mechanistic insights and machine learning (ML) analysis","volume":"430","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.06.107","article-title":"Mineral characterization of the biogenic Fe(III)(hydr)oxides produced during Fe(II)-driven denitrification with Cu, Ni and Zn","volume":"687","author":"Kiskira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2019.115956","article-title":"Relations between metal ion characteristics and adsorption performance of graphene oxide: a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study","volume":"232","author":"Kong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib30","article-title":"Exploration of magnetic zeolite thin film derived from coal fly ash an efficient sorbent: application to water treatment","volume":"374","author":"Kumar","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128227","article-title":"Microbiome\u2013environment interactions in antimony-contaminated rice paddies and the correlation of core microbiome with arsenic and antimony contamination","volume":"263","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2023.02.007","article-title":"Migration and distribution characteristics of soil heavy metal(loid)s at a lead smelting site","volume":"135","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.07.108","article-title":"Microcalorimetry and enzyme activity to determine the effect of nickel and sodium butyl xanthate on soil microbial community","volume":"163","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.133937","article-title":"Pristine and Fe-functionalized biochar for the simultaneous immobilization of arsenic and antimony in a contaminated mining soil","volume":"469","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123083","article-title":"A meta-analysis of influencing factors on soil pollution around copper smelting sites","volume":"371","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131153","article-title":"Assembly processes of bacterial and fungal communities in metal(loid)s smelter soil","volume":"451","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130389","article-title":"In situ preparation of a multifunctional adsorbent by optimizing the Fe2+\/Fe3+\/Mn2+\/HA ratio for simultaneous and efficient removal of Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), As(III), Sb(III), As(V) and Sb(V) from aqueous environment: behaviors and mechanisms","volume":"444","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.3390\/min15080868","article-title":"Biomineralization mediated by iron-oxidizing microorganisms: implication for the immobilization and transformation of heavy metals in AMD","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137340","article-title":"Organic acid release and microbial community assembly driven by phosphate-solubilizing bacteria enhance Pb, Cd, and as immobilization in soils remediated with iron-doped hydroxyapatite","volume":"488","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.118303","article-title":"Removal of Cd from solution and in-situ remediation of Cd-contaminated soil by a mercapto-modified cellulose\/bentonite intercalated nanocomposite","volume":"251","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib41","article-title":"Effects of \u03b1-Fe2O3 modified chicken manure biochar on the availability of multiple heavy metals and soil biochemical properties","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib42","article-title":"Stabilization mechanism and remediation effectiveness of Pb and cd in agricultural soil using nonmetallic minerals","volume":"15","author":"Liao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149922","article-title":"Cd and Pb immobilisation with iron oxide\/lignin composite and the bacterial community response in soil","volume":"802","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116660","article-title":"Impacts of wet-dry alternations on cadmium and zinc immobilisation in soil remediated with iron oxides","volume":"326","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2023.109131","article-title":"Straw return drives soil microbial community assemblage to change metabolic processes for soil quality amendment in a rice-wheat rotation system","volume":"185","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2022.01.029","article-title":"Soil heavy metal pollution from Pb\/Zn smelting regions in China and the remediation potential of biomineralization","volume":"125","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130030","article-title":"Ternary Ca-Mg-Al layered double-hydroxides for synergistic remediation of As, Cd, and Pb from both contaminated soil and groundwater: characteristics, effectiveness, and immobilization mechanisms","volume":"442","author":"Lyu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154329","article-title":"Multi-component removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), and As(V) over core-shell structured nanoscale zero-valent iron@mesoporous hydrated silica","volume":"827","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.06.030","article-title":"Enhanced heavy metal immobilization in soil by grinding with addition of nanometallic Ca\/CaO dispersion mixture","volume":"89","author":"Mallampati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3580","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05519","article-title":"Influence of oxygen and nitrate on Fe (Hydr)oxide mineral transformation and soil microbial communities during Redox cycling","volume":"50","author":"Mejia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.151662","article-title":"Enhanced degradation of atrazine from soil with recyclable magnetic carbon-based bacterial pellets: performance and mechanism","volume":"490","author":"Qu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.167603","article-title":"Tailoring sponge-like nitrogen-enriched biochar: a green and sustainable remediation technology for Pb and Cu contaminated soil","volume":"522","author":"Qu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.121265","article-title":"Characteristics of organo-mineral complexes in contaminated soils with long-term biochar application","volume":"384","author":"Quan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2025.132695","article-title":"Ecological effects of biochar in heavy metal-contaminated soils from multidimensional perspective: using meta-analysis","volume":"432","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1007\/s10953-019-00912-z","article-title":"Native and magnetic oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) impregnated bentonite clays as economic adsorbents for Cr(III) removal","volume":"48","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Solut. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141930","article-title":"Recent progress in understanding the mechanism of heavy metals retention by iron (oxyhydr)oxides","volume":"752","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156417","article-title":"Recent advances in soil remediation technology for heavy metal contaminated sites: a critical review","volume":"838","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.113754","article-title":"Response of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance genes and related microorganisms to different heavy metals in activated sludge","volume":"300","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib59","article-title":"Adsorption mechanism of simultaneous removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and As(III) by magnetite-modified attapulgite","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.122977","article-title":"Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar and its immobilization effect for Pb and Sb in contaminated soil","volume":"398","author":"Teng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c08881","article-title":"Dual regulatory role of Penicillium oxalicum SL2 in soil: phosphorus solubilization and Pb stabilization","volume":"58","author":"Tong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2025.131895","article-title":"Ball-milled phosphate\/micro zero-valent iron\/biochar for lead and cadmium removal and stabilization in water and soil: performance, mechanisms, and environmental applications","volume":"362","author":"Tuyiringire","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib63","article-title":"Adsorption and selective mechanism of Pb2+and Cd2+on the surface of calcined modified attapulgite","volume":"353","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116758","article-title":"Improvement of alfalfa resistance against Cd stress through rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi co-inoculation in Cd-contaminated soil","volume":"277","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12123","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c01976","article-title":"Enhanced arsenate immobilization by Kaolinite via heterogeneous pathways during ferrous iron oxidation","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.120033","article-title":"Alterations in the composition and metabolite profiles of the saline-alkali soil microbial community through biochar application","volume":"352","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2009.00796.x","article-title":"Fe(III)-enhanced anaerobic transformation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by an iron-reducing bacterium Comamonas koreensis CY01","volume":"71","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.122939","article-title":"Groundwater heavy metal(loid)s risk prediction based on topsoil contamination and aquifer vulnerability at a zinc smelting site","volume":"341","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2025.117398","article-title":"Phosphorus recovery and microbial community analysis during anaerobic co-fermentation of excess sludge and food waste","volume":"13","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2022.106789","article-title":"Molecular-level insights into pH regulation of cation adsorption and exchange at clay particle edges","volume":"232","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Clay Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2023.1281341","article-title":"Simultaneous immobilization of lead, cadmium and arsenic in soil by iron-manganese modified biochar","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2025.115641","article-title":"Potential of biochar derived from sewage sludge and calcium sulfate as an amendment for acidic soils: milk Chinese cabbage cultivation","volume":"13","author":"Yi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116476","article-title":"Impact of soil physicochemical factors and heavy metals on co-occurrence pattern of bacterial in rural simple garbage dumping site","volume":"280","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131648","article-title":"Phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated sediment using Hydrilla verticillata and Elodea canadensis harbor two same keystone rhizobacteria Pedosphaeraceae and Parasegetibacter","volume":"286","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-024-01865-z","article-title":"Adsorption behavior of lead, cadmium, and arsenic on manganese-modified biochar: competition and promotion","volume":"46","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2023.04.020","article-title":"Simultaneous removal of Cd(II) and As(V) by ferrihydrite-biochar composite: enhanced effects of As(V) on Cd(II) adsorption","volume":"139","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.08.096","article-title":"Phase transformation of crystalline iron oxides and their adsorption abilities for Pb and Cd","volume":"284","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2021.125663","article-title":"Rapid start-up strategy of partial denitrification and microbially driven mechanism of nitrite accumulation mediated by dissolved organic matter","volume":"340","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-020-02925-7","article-title":"Arsenate adsorption on different fractions of iron oxides in the paddy soil from the Karst Region of China","volume":"106","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121806","article-title":"A novel green synthesized magnetic biochar from white tea residue for the removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution: regeneration and sorption mechanism","volume":"330","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib81","article-title":"Study on the removal behavior and mechanism of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by phosphogypsum-lithium slag-attapulgite-based vertical barrier materials","volume":"73","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Water Proc. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.130790","article-title":"Effects of Fe(II) on As(III) oxidation in Fe(II)-As(III) co-oxidation: limiting and driving roles","volume":"447","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib83","article-title":"Remediation of multiple heavy metals contaminated soils by Mn and Fe-added solid wastes: effect and mechanisms","volume":"497","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib84","article-title":"Studying the impact of hollow mesoporous MnO2 on remediating heavy metal-contaminated soil: implications for soil structure and microbial dynamics","volume":"494","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2025.145329","article-title":"Combined modified montmorillonite and microbial consortium enhanced the remediation effect of As and Cd-contaminated soil in a smelting area","volume":"501","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.161283","article-title":"Effect of goethite-loaded montmorillonite on immobilization of metal(loid)s and the micro-ecological soil response in non-ferrous metal smelting areas","volume":"865","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2021.104969","article-title":"Fraction distribution of heavy metals and its relationship with iron in polluted farmland soils around distinct mining areas","volume":"130","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.120167","article-title":"Effects of three plant growth-promoting bacterial symbiosis with ryegrass for remediation of Cd, Pb, and Zn soil in a mining area","volume":"353","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2024.10.031","article-title":"In situ stabilization of antimony and arsenic in co-contaminated soil using organic matter-Fe\/Mn (hydr)oxides colloids and their mineral phase transformation","volume":"156","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2024.113342","article-title":"Crystal phase conversion of amorphous Fe-Mn binary oxides promote the sequestration and redistribution of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in the soil: Comparison with crystalline form","volume":"12","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126004342?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126004342?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T04:40:19Z","timestamp":1779943219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935126004342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":90,"alternative-id":["S0013935126004342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fe-modified clay minerals enhances iron oxide transformation and microbial ecological succession for simultaneous stabilization of As, Pb, and Cd in smelting soils","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.124106","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"124106"}}